宾语从句
宾语从句概述
1．在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。
● Doyou know what is Jim doing? 你知道吉姆在干什么吗？
● Hetold me he had seen the film before. 他告诉我以前他已经看过那部电影了。
2．宾语从句在句子中的作用。
（1）作动词的宾语。
● Sheasked me where the restroom is. 她问我休息室在哪里。
（2）作介词的宾语。
● Doyou agree to what he said just now? 你同意他刚才说的话么？
（3）作形容词的宾语。
● I amafraid that he is still in hospital. 恐怕他现在还在住院。
（4）It作形式宾语，而真正的宾语则是that 引导的宾语从句，放在句尾。
● Weheard it that they would build many strong buildings because of the earthquake.我们听说由于地震他们将要修建很多坚固的房子。
3．宾语从句的引导词
（1）That引导的宾语从句：当宾语从句是陈述句时，由that引导，这时that在句中无意义，也不充当任何成分，常常可以省略。
●Weheard that she was coming next month. 我们听说下个月她要来。
友情提示
：引 if引导的宾语从句如果跟在think ,believe, expect等表示“相信，认为”等的动词后面时，句子的否定要体现在主句上。
I don●I don’t think it’s a good idea to have classes on Saturday. 我认为在星期六上课不是一个好主意。
（2）在Whether, if 引导的宾语从句：当宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问时，由whether, if 引导，表示“是否，是不是”等。
He as●He asked me if there is a hospital near here. 他问我附近是否有医院。
●T ●They are talking about whether they will go to the party. 他们正在讨论是否要参加那个晚会。
特别提示：当从句中有ornot，或者是从句作介词的宾语时，不能用if ，只能用whether.eg:
Wedon’t know whether the meeting will be held or not. 我们不知道会议是不是要举行。
（3）由连接代词和连接副词引导。
●Idon’t know when she will come 我不知道她将什么时候来。
●Couldyou tell me how many people were killed in Wenchuan earthquake? 你能告诉我在汶川地震中死了多少人吗？
4．宾语从句的语序：宾语从句必须是陈述句语序，即按照主语+谓语+其他的顺序。eg:
●Couldyou tell me what they are doing? 你能告诉我他们正在做什么吗？
●Do youknow where I can exchange money? 你知道我在哪儿可以换钱吗？
5．宾语从句的时态：在宾语从句中，从句的时态应该和主句保持一致，具体如下：
（1）当从句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态时，从句中的谓语可以根据句意使用任何需要的时态：
●Shesays she is leaving for Hong Kong nextweek. 她说下周她将去香港。
●Shedoesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. 她不知道她已经病的很厉害了。
（2）当主句的谓语是过去时态时，从句中的谓语只能使用过去范畴里的时态，即一般过去式，过去进行时，过去将来时和过去完成时。
●Shesaid that she was watching TV when her father came back. 她说她爸爸回来的时候她正在看电视。
●He askedme if I had read that book before. 他问我以前是否读过那本书。
特别提示：当宾语从句属于客观事实和真理时，不论主句是何种时态，从句只能使用一般现在时。
●Theteacher said that light travels much faster than sound. 老师说光的传播速度比声音要快的多。
●Scientistshave proved that the earth turns around the sun. 科学家已经证明地球是绕着太阳转的。
宾语从句专项练习：
1. MissGreen didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live B. Where shelives
C. where did she live D. where she lived
2. Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
3. I don’t know when __________.
A. will the train leave B. the train will leave
C. would the train leave D. thetrain leave
4. ---We don’t know _____________.
---It is said that he was born inSweden.
A. what he is B.if he lives here
C. where he comes from D. which country is he from
5. Doyou know _______ during the coming summer holiday?
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
6. Iwant to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his nameis
7. Doyou know ________ I could pass the exam?
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
8. Jimdoesn’t understand ____________.
A. which is the way to the museum
B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum
D. why does she always go shopping
9.Could you tell me ______ she is looking for?
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
10. Mr.King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home
B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home
D. when his son came home
11.Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?
A. how does he mend B. how he mends
C. how he mended D. how did he mend
12.---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?
---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
13.---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. how we can get to the post office
B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office
D. how could we get to the post office
14.---Can I help you?
---Yes. I’d like a ticketto Mount Emei. Can you tell me ______ take to getthere?
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will
C. how long it will D. how long will it
15. Hewanted to know ___________.
A. whether he speaks at the meeting
B. when the meeting would start
C. what he’s going to do at the meeting
D. where would the meeting be held
16.---Could you tell me _________ the Bamboo Garden?
---The day after tomorrow, I think.
A. when will you visit B. when youwill visit
C. when would you visit D. when you would visit
17.Would you please tell me _________ next, Mr. Wang?
A. what should we do B. we should dowhat
C. what we should do D. should we dowhat
18. Iwant to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.
A. that B. when C. where D. whether
19.Every morning the patients are asked if ________ their temperature taken.
A. they hadhad B. have they had
C. they have had D. had they had
20.It’s up to you to decide _______ you’ll go there, by air or by road.
A. how B. why C. that D. when
1. D 该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。
2. D 该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。
3. B 该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。
4. C 该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知：他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。
5. C. 这个题主要考察宾语从句的时态和语序。因为是comingsummer holiday，排除B，D，在通过陈述句语序来排除A。
6. D 宾语从句后接陈述句语序，故选D。
7. B 当宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问时，由whether,if 引导，表示“是否，是不是”等。故选B。
8. B 这个题考察了宾语从句连接副词的确定和宾语从句的语序，通过doesn’tunderstand初步确定B和D，再通过语序排除D，故B才是正确答案。
9. C 你能告诉我她正在找谁吗？确定选C。
10. D 这个题主要考察宾语从句的时态和语序，通过didn’tknow排除A，B，宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，故选D。
11. C this morning确定用过去式，再加上陈述句语序，故选C。
12. C 由答句itcomes by 4: 00来确定应该选C。when表示什么时候。
13. A 宾语从句用陈述句语序。故选A。这个复合句也可以用“疑问词+不定式”结构来进行转化，也可以说成wouldyou please tell me how to get to the post office.
14. C 花费多长时间用“howlong”，宾语从句用陈述句语序，两者兼顾故选C。
15. B 通过wantedto know 确定从句的时态需要用过去范畴里的时态，排除A和C，再通过陈述句语序排除D，故选B。
16. B 宾语从句用陈述句语序，故选B。
17. C 这个题同样是考察宾语从句的语序，C才是符合主语+谓语+其他的顺序。
18. D whether做引导词表是否，是不是的意思。
19. C have one’s temperaturetaken表示让别人量体温，每个早晨（医生）都会问病人是否量过体温。宾语从句用陈述句语序，故选C。
20. A 通过byair or by road来判断这里应该填how 。how 表示通过什么方式，手段。
