where 是一个司空见惯的基本词，但要在阅读和写作中熟练使用却并非易事。借助大量的例句，先从理解它的词典语义着手。
（一）where
①adv.
(1) 地点副词：（在/到/去）哪里(:to/in/at +what place)
Where the hell have you been?
你究竟去了哪里？
Where do you stable your pony?
你的矮种马养在哪儿？
I wonder where they will take us to.
我不知道他们要把我们带到哪里去。
Just where is all this leading us?
这一切到底是要将我们引向何处？
People began looking across to see where the noise was coming from.
人们开始四下察看，想弄清楚那声响来自何处。
She had a feeling she already knew where this conversation was going to lead.
她觉得自己已经知道这次谈话寓意何在。
Successful team leaders know exactly where the team should go and are able to take prompt action.
成功的团队领导者确切地知道团队应该去哪里，并且能够迅速采取行动。
(2) 关系副词：（在/去/到）那里 (: to/in/at + which place)
It's one of the few countries where people drive on the left.
这是为数不多的几个靠左行驶的国家之一。
The drive from the FORBES office where I was then working was about 12 minutes.
从我当时工作的福布斯办公室开车到这里大约需要12分钟。
But is there a point where it reaches capacity? The answer is no, because brains are more sophisticated than that.
但它是否有达到容量的临界点呢?答案是否定的，因为大脑比这复杂得多。
We are at a point where in much of the developed world the vast majority of young people grew up playing video games, and an increasingly high percentage of adults play these video games too, Werbach says.
Werbach说:“在许多发达国家，绝大多数年轻人都是玩电子游戏长大的，而且越来越多的成年人也玩电子游戏。”
Back in the 1950s, most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night.
早在20世纪50年代，我们大多数人都是在妈妈几乎每晚都做饭的家庭中长大的。
Bacteria are carried by various 'media', which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing (打喷嚏).
细菌可以通过各种“媒介”传播，包括生的食物、细菌残留的潮湿表面、我们的手或皮肤以及咳嗽或打喷嚏(嚏)。
We then moved to Paris, where we lived for six years.
我们随后移居巴黎，在那里住了六年。
注：比较where作地点副词和关系副词的关键在于——
where后有无从句(where在其中当副词用)跟随，尽管where 语义中都包含有介词“在、到、去”；
②pron. (在)…地方/场所 (:the place where… …)
This is where I live.
这是我住的地方。
That's where (= the point in the argument at which) you're wrong.
这就是你的错误所在。
This part of the building was where the afternoon's entertainment used to cower pre-performance.
大楼的这一部分过去是下午的娱乐活动在表演前进行的地方。
A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal.
在其他因素相同的情况下，如果一个人事先知道他要搬到哪里，并且有时间去适应，那么他在养老院和在小型的寄宿养老院可能做得一样好。
Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life.
在家庭和工作中过度劳累或过度投入不会让你获得你想要的生活。
It is where housewives display their cooking skills.
这是家庭主妇们展示厨艺的地方。
Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy, Dr.Sloane said.
斯隆博士说，家庭可以更多地关注住院医生会感到快乐的地方。
There can be no clearer example of where our common values must be rediscovered.
没有比这更清楚的例子说明我们必须重新发现共同的价值观。
Consider trying to remember where you parked your car in the same car park you were at a week earlier.
试着记住你把车停在了一个星期前停过的停车场。
We move back to where Silverio has left a line with hooks baited with sardines.
我们回到西尔维里奥留下的鱼钩上，鱼饵是沙丁鱼。
He knew my love for yoga and had seen a space close to where he lived that he thought might be good to serve as a yoga studio.
他知道我对瑜伽的热爱，并在他住的地方附近看到了一个地方，他认为可以作为一个瑜伽工作室。
③conj.
(1)(在)…的地方; (在)…情况下(: in/at/to + the place where)
Don't leave it where the kids can reach it.
不要把它放在孩子们能够到的地方。
I have $100m hidden away where no one will ever find it.
我把1亿美元藏到了一个永远没人会找到的地方。
Sit where I can see you.
坐在我能看到你的地方。
Here in the mountains, where every sunrise starts, I'll heal my heart for awhile.
在这群山中，在每一个日出开始的地方，我会暂时治愈我的心。
No matter where she may be, she will be happy.
不管她在哪里，她都会是幸福的。
No matter where you go in life or how old you get, there's always something new to learn about. After all, life is full of surprises.
不管你生活在哪里，你有多少岁，总有新东西要学习，毕竟，生活总是充满惊喜。
(2)而,却,反之(:while)
Where some people learned to play the accordion for dances in their community, others took music lessons...
一些人学习弹手风琴，为他们社区里的舞蹈表演进行伴奏，而其他人则上音乐课。
Sometimes a teacher will be listened to, where a parent might not.
有时教师的话会听，而父母的话可能就不听。
Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.
不需要处罚的，只有在案件事实支持的情况下，才应当处罚。
注：区别where作连词和代词的区别取决于——
where语义中是否包含介词，共同点是where后都跟有一个从句，且where在其中当副词用;
④n.地点;哪里(: what place)
We know the when but not the where of it.
我们知道时间却不知道地点。
On now-crowded commuter trains, a frequent conversation topic is where to find the cheapest gas.
在现在拥挤的通勤火车上，人们经常谈论的话题是哪里可以找到最便宜的汽油。
And how do they decide where to eat in a city of 10, 000 restaurants?
在一个拥有10,000家餐馆的城市里，他们如何决定去哪里吃饭?
Knowing where, when, and how to move will require rigorous market analysis with accurate data.
要知道在哪里、何时以及如何移动，需要有精确数据的严格市场分析。
总结：where的语义理解中有两点是弹性的——
1. 介词(“在/到/去”)可有可无；2. 疑问语气(“哪里/那里”)可有可无；
（二）where复合词
①whereabouts n.下落，去向，所在之处adv.在何处，靠近什么地方
She disclaimed any knowledge of her husband's whereabouts.
她否认知道丈夫的下落。
Whereabouts did you find it?
你在哪儿找到它的？
②whereas conj.（表示对比）但是，然而；鉴于n.序言，开场白；
Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not.
有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。
She has authentic charm whereas most people simply have nice manners.
她有真正的魅力，而大多数人只是有礼貌而已。
③whereat adv.在那里，由此conj.在那里，由此；随之，接着
He turned to leave, whereat she began to weep.
他转身离去，于是她哭了起来。
I know the reason whereat you are displeased.
我知道你为什么不快.
④whereby adv.凭此; 借以
He devised a plan whereby he might escape.
他想出了一个可藉以逃脱的办法.
Love is the chain whereby to bind a child to his parents.
爱是连结子女与父母的链子.
⑤wherefore n.原因，理由
Wherefore should we linger upon it now?
现在我们又何必去留恋呢 ?
Wherefore was he standing bareheaded in the market place?
他为什么光着头站在集市上 呢 ?
⑥wherein adv.其中; 在那里，在哪方面conj.在哪一点上; 在什么地方
Wherein am I mistaken?
我错在什么地方了呢 ?
Calamity is the perfect glass wherein we truly see and know ourselves.
灾难是一面完美的镜子,在其中,我们真正看到自己,认出自己。
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