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奥黛丽·赫本常常被人称为“降临人间的天使”,这不仅仅是因为她年轻时清丽脱俗的外表,演艺圈的辉煌灿烂,还因为她具有一颗善良的心。晚年的赫本投身于联合国儿童基金会,她认为人人生来都有爱的能力,我们需要不断去开发它。
而今天就是联合国设立的世界儿童日。30年前,联合国儿童基金会亲善大使奥黛丽·赫本在纽约联合国总部向大家介绍《儿童权利公约》。30年后,我们重温当时的影像,它依然时刻提醒我们每个人:每个儿童的每项权利都应得到保护。今天,让我们一起来回顾奥黛丽·赫本1989年在联合国的演讲《为了孩子们》~
'I can testify to what UNICEF means to children, because I was among those who received food and medical relief right after World War II,' said actress Audrey Hepburn on her appointment as a Goodwill Ambassador in 1989. 'I have a long-lasting gratitude and trust for what UNICEF does.' As a result of her work for UNICEF over subsequent years, that gratitude is mutual.
On a mission
Soon after becoming a UNICEF ambassador, Hepburn went on a mission to Ethiopia, where years of drought and civil strife had caused terrible famine. After visiting UNICEF emergency operations, she talked about the projects to the media in the United States, Canada and Europe over several weeks, giving as many as 15 interviews a day. It set a precedent for her commitment to the organization.
In the years that followed, Hepburn made a series of UNICEF field trips, visiting a polio vaccine project in Turkey, training programmes for women in Venezuela, projects for children living and working on the street in Ecuador, projects to provide drinking water in Guatemala and Honduras and radio literacy projects in El Salvador. She saw schools in Bangladesh, projects for impoverished children in Thailand, nutrition projects in Viet Nam and camps for displaced children in Sudan.
Hepburn also worked tirelessly for UNICEF when not making field trips. She testified before the US Congress, took part in the World Summit for Children, launched UNICEF's State of the World's Children reports, hosted Danny Kaye International Children's Award ceremonies, designed fundraising cards, participated in benefit concert tours and gave many speeches and interviews promoting UNICEF's work.
Hepburn received the United States' highest civilian award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, in December 1992. During that year, though ill with cancer, she had continued her work for UNICEF, travelling to Somalia, Kenya, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, France and the United States.
I must say that up until a year ago, before I was given the great privilege of becoming a volunteer for UNICEF, I used to be overwhelmed by a sense of desperation and helplessness when watching television and reading about the misery of the developing world’s children and their mothers. If I feel less helpless today, it is because I have seen what is being done by UNICEF and many other marvelous organizations and agencies, by the churches, by governments and most of all, with very little help, by people themselves.
我必须承认就在一年前,也就是我有幸成为联合国儿童基金组织志愿者之前, 每当我在电视和报纸上获悉发展中国家儿童和母亲的悲惨境遇时,我都会沉浸在巨大的绝望和无助之中。如果说现在我不会感到那么无助了,那是因为我看到了联合国儿童基金组织及其他伟大组织、教会、政府都在努力帮助他们,更重要的是人们在以自己微薄的力量努力进行着自助。
The effects of the monstrous burden of debt have made the poor even poorer and have fallen most heavily>沉重的债务负担重重地压在了那些最需要我们帮助的人肩上,它使得穷人愈穷,但最终饱受摧残、伤害最大的往往是妇女和儿童。我们还应该为那些处于危机边缘的发展中国家的儿童做更多的事情,他们中的一些人现在仅仅处于能活命的状态。尤其是当我们了解到所需的资金与世界开支相比微乎其微之后,其实只要拿出不到世界经济0.5%的资金就足以根除地球上最贫穷的状况,满足这些人在今后10年的基本生活需求。换句话说,我们并不缺少人手,我们缺少的是人们的意愿。
The question I am most frequently asked is: “what do you really do for UNIGEF?” Clearly, my task is to inform, to create awareness of the needs of children. To fully understand the problems of the state of the world’s children, it would be nice to be an expert>人们最常问我的一个问题是:“你为联合国儿童基金真正做了些什么?”很明显,我的职责是通过自己的努力,使社会了解和意识到儿童的需要。如果我是一位通晓教育、经济、政治、宗教、文化和传统的专家的话,我将更能了解当今世界上的儿童问题。然而我不是,我只是一位母亲。
There is, unhappily, a need for great advocacy for children~children haunted by undernourishment, disease and death, and you don’t have to be a financial whiz to look into so many little faces with diseases, glazed eyes to know that this is the result of critical malnutrition. One of the worst symptoms of which is Vitamin A deficiency that causes comeal lesions resulting in partial or total blindness followed within a few weeks by death. Every year there are as many as 500,000 such cases in countries like Indonesia, Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, and Ethiopia. Today there are in fact millions of children at risk of going blind. Little wonder that I and many other UNICEF volunteers travel the world to raise funds before it is too late, but also to raise awareness and to combat a different kind of darkness-a darkness people find themselves in through lack of information>遗憾的是,现在的儿童事业仍需要很大的支持,这些孩子饱受营养不良、疾病和死亡的威胁。你不需要知道确切数字,你只要看着这些瘦小的脸和木然呆滞的眼睛,因为这些都是严重营养不良的表现。导致这种病最重要的原因就是缺乏维生素A,这将引起角膜损伤甚至于眼睛部分或完全失明,几周之后可能就会死去。在诸如印度尼西亚、孟加拉国、印度、菲律宾和埃塞俄比亚等国家,每年出现的此类病例多达50万例。如今,有成百万的儿童正在受到失明的威胁。这也是在事情发展到无可挽回之前,我和其他许多联合国儿童基金组织的志愿者奔赴世界各国努力筹集资金的原因。与此同时,我们也要唤醒人们与另一种形式的黑暗作斗争的意识——人们因为缺乏信息,所以不知道向这些孩子伸出援助之手是多么的轻松简单。
I have known UNICEF a long time. For almost 45 years ago, I was>我很早之前就知道联合国儿童基金组织了。大约45年前,战争结束,我们刚从饥饿、压迫和暴力中解放出来,在饱受战争摧残的欧洲大陆上,我便是成千上万需要联合国儿童基金组织帮助的饥饿的儿童之一。那时我们一贫如洗,正如今天的发展中国家一样。正因为贫穷是人类遭受苦难的根源,这些身无长物之人没有办法进行自助。而联合国儿童基金组织的作用正在于此,帮助那些需要帮助之人实现自助,给予他们发展的帮助,使他们可以独立而有尊严地活着。
Unlike droughts or floods or earthquakes, the tragedy of poverty cannot easily be captured by the media and brought to the attention of the world-wide public. It is happening not in any>与旱灾、洪灾和地震灾害不同,贫困的悲惨画面不易被媒体捕捉,从而不能引起全世界的关注。它并非发生在某个特定的地方,而是在跨越两个大陆的贫民窟、棚户区和被忽视的农村地区广泛地存在;它也并非发生在某个特定的时候,而是困扰人们多年并不断恶化。这些虽未在晚间新闻里被报道,但却威胁着上百万人的生存。
UNICEF’s business is children, not the workings of the international economy. In its every-day work in over 100 developing nations UNICEF is brought up against a face of today’s international economic problems which is not seen in the corridors of financial power, not reflected in the statistics of debt service ratios, not seated at the conference tables of debt negotiations. It is in the face of a child. It is the young child whose growing mind and body is susceptible to permanent damage from even temporary deprivation. The human brain and body are formed within the first five years of life and there is no second chance. It is the young child whose individual development today and whose social contribution tomorrow are being shaped by the economics of now. It is the young child who is paying the highest of all prices.
联合国儿童基金组织的工作中心是儿童而不是国际经济。联合国儿童基金组织每天都在全球100多个发展中国家开展工作。在这些工作中,联合国儿童基金组织遇到了一些国际经济问题,这些问题不会在金融大亨的走廊里看到,不会在债券汇率的数据中反映出来,也不会在债务谈判桌上被提及,这些问题反映在孩子们的脸上: 儿童正在发育的身心正在受到哪怕是暂时性贫困的伤害。人类的大脑和身体在5岁之前发育完成而且不可能有第二次机会。正是现在的经济援助决定着孩子们今天的发展和明天对社会的贡献,而也正是这些稚嫩的孩子们在为此付出最昂贵的代价。
There is so much we cannot do. We cannot give the children back their parents, but we can return them the most basic of human rights, the right to health, to tenderness, to life. Thank you.
有很多事情我们确实爱莫能助。我们不能还给孩子他们失去的双亲,但是我们可以给予孩子最基本的人权,健康的权利,享受人间关爱、享受人生的权利。谢谢大家。
As a young girl, this future actress was living in Nazi-occupied Holland during World War II. As the war continued so did food shortages. It became a famine known as the Hunger Winter of 1944-45. People were starving to death. Some children never got to realize their dreams because their lives were lost to malnutrition.
This future Academy Award winning actress almost became one of a lost generation. Her name was Audrey Hepburn. She thankfully survived and so did others thanks to food aid.
The Allied Forces airlifted food into the Netherlands (Holland) near the end of the war after reaching agreement with the German forces. Truck convoys would soon follow upon liberation. The Supreme Allied Commander, Dwight Eisenhower, had organized a relief plan so food stocks were available to move in so people could eat again.
Audrey Hepburn would go on to become a star, winning the Best Actress Academy Award in 1954 for Roman Holiday. Her best role though was later in life becoming an ambassador for UNICEF, the United Nations agency which fights child hunger and disease. Audrey's own experience living in famine moved her to help children facing that same plight.
After visiting famine-ravaged Ethiopia in 1988, Audrey said “there is a moral obligation for those who have, to give to those who have nothing.' If we remember any of Audrey's lines it should be that one. There are many children today, like Audrey, who are living in areas threatened by famine.
Yemen, South Sudan, the Central African Republic, Syria, Afghanistan, Haiti, Mali and so many other nations are facing major hunger emergencies. There are future doctors, scientists, researchers, teachers, writers, farmers and even actresses among this population. But they may not get the chance to realize their potential if they are lost to hunger.
Even children who survive famine may become stunted for life. Audrey herself may have suffered some lifelong health issues from being malnourished during the war.
For the sake of humanity, we have to save these children. In a world where food is abundant no child should go hungry and lose their future.
Audrey thought her role as ambassador was to educate the world about the nightmares of famine. She knew people were good and would help once they realized something terrible was happening. As she told the Christian Science Monitor in 1992 “the world is full, I’ve discovered, of kind people. And I've also discovered once they know, they give, they help. It’s not knowing that holds them up.
This is especially true because many people who can help are far away from the hunger emergencies. The starvation in civil war-torn Yemen or South Sudan is not often seen in media coverage. They need ambassadors, maybe you, to change that. You could educate others for example, that 70 percent of Yemen’s population lives in hunger and relief agencies are short on funds to help them.
We need to support relief agencies like UNICEF, the World Food Program, Save the Children, Catholic Relief Services, Mercy Corps and others fighting hunger. These charities on the frontlines of famine are desperately short on funds. Much more resources are put into military expenditures rather than feeding the hungry.
We should increase funds for the U.S. Food for Peace program, which was started by Eisenhower. The McGovern-Dole school lunch program, which feeds children in developing countries, should also see more funding.
We need to step up our diplomatic efforts to resolve conflicts that are causing so much hunger. We need to fortify peace agreements with food aid.
Global conflict, hunger and displacement are at the highest levels since the World War II era. We still have time to save many children who are suffering. As Audrey reminds us, we have a moral imperative to take action and save lives.
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