Python API 接口权限控制思路

需求：权限模块对各子系统拥有动态配置权限的能力，发现接口变化能力，权限认证能力等，因为各子系统相互独立，

所以需要使用统一的认证 JWT。

 

1、使用Django DRF权限模块，进行修改

 1 import requests 2 from config import AUTHENTICATE_URL 3 from rest_framework import permissions 4 from rest_framework.exceptions import PermissionDenied, AuthenticationFailed 5  6 # URL(ViewSet) 权限配置 7 URL_PERMISSION = { 8     "pipelines": { 9         "test_pipeline": "account.dev_audit",10         "list": "account.test_audit",11         "create": "account.yw_audit",12         "retrieve": "",13     },14     # "sub_pipelines": {15     #     "test_pipeline": "account.dev_audit",16     #     "list": "account.test_audit",17     #     "create": "account.yw_audit",18     # }19 }20 21 22 class LoginPermission(permissions.BasePermission):23     """24     登录验证25     """26 27     def has_permission(self, request, view):28         # Read permissions are allowed to any request,29         # so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.30         # print(request.method)31         # if request.method == "POST":32         #     return False33         #34         #     # 只有该snippet的所有者才允许写权限。35         # return False36 37         token = request.META.get("HTTP_AUTHORIZATION", "").replace("JWT ", '')38         data = requests.post(AUTHENTICATE_URL   "/api/account/verify/", json={"token": token})39         if data.status_code != 404:40             raise AuthenticationFailed("登录验证失败")41         return True42 43 44 class UrlPermission(permissions.BasePermission):45     """46     URL 权限验证47     """48 49     def has_permission(self, request, view):50         # Read permissions are allowed to any request,51         # so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.52         # print(request.method)53         # if request.method == "POST":54         #     return False55         #56         #     # 只有该snippet的所有者才允许写权限。57         # return False58         token = request.META.get("HTTP_AUTHORIZATION", "").replace("JWT ", '')59         print("==========通过视图的basename,action进行权限认证==========")60         print(view.basename, view.action)61         print("==========")62         if view.basename in URL_PERMISSION.keys():63             if view.action in URL_PERMISSION[view.basename].keys():64                 print(URL_PERMISSION[view.basename][view.action])65                 data = requests.post(AUTHENTICATE_URL   "/api/account/verify/",66                                      json={"token": token, "perm_code": URL_PERMISSION[view.basename][view.action]})67                 if data.status_code != 404:68                     raise PermissionDenied("访问权限不合法")69 70         return True

 

2、设置权限全局生效

 

REST_FRAMEWORK = {    # "DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES": ["apps.permissions.Loginpermission", ]    "DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES": [        "apps.permissions.LoginPermission",        "apps.permissions.UrlPermission",    ]}

 

如果需要局部权限，可以在相关视图集（ViewSet）下增加自己的权限模块

 

class PipelinesViewSet(BaseView):    """    流水线视图    """    queryset = Pipelines.objects.filter(is_del=0).order_by("update_time")    serializer_class = PipelinesSerializer    filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend,)    filter_fields = ('pipeline_name', 'pipeline_type')    # permission_classes = ()  # 这里配置视图权限    @action(methods=['post'], detail=True, permission_classes=[])  #这里配置接口权限    def test_pipeline(self, request, pk=None):        """        测试流水线接口        """        instance = self.get_object()        serializer = self.get_serializer(instance)        return Response(self.object_return(serializer.data))

 

3、权限系统统一获取子系统接口，后期可以进行动态权限赋予

import coreapi# Initialize a client & load the schema documentclient = coreapi.Client()schema = client.get("http://127.0.0.1:8000/docs/")URL = []# print(schema.data)for basename, actions in schema.data.items():    for action, atr in actions.links.items():        URL_dict = {}        URL_dict["basename"] = basename        URL_dict["action"] = action        URL_dict["method"] = atr.action        URL_dict["url"] = atr.url        URL_dict["description"] = atr.description        URL.append(URL_dict)for url in URL:    print(url)

运行结果：这里收集视图集中的base_name、action以及method，

对接口权限进行精确定位，不受url变化影响, 这里的url只做相关描述展示：

{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'list', 'method': 'get', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/', 'description': '流水线视图'}{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'create', 'method': 'post', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/', 'description': '流水线视图'}{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'read', 'method': 'get', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/{id}/', 'description': '流水线视图'}{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'update', 'method': 'put', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/{id}/', 'description': '流水线视图'}{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'partial_update', 'method': 'patch', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/{id}/', 'description': '流水线视图'}{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'delete', 'method': 'delete', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/{id}/', 'description': '流水线视图'}{'basename': 'pipelines', 'action': 'test_pipeline', 'method': 'post', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/pipelines/{id}/test_pipeline/', 'description': '测试流水线接口'}{'basename': 'urlcollections', 'action': 'list', 'method': 'get', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/urlcollections/', 'description': ''}{'basename': 'urlcollections', 'action': 'create', 'method': 'post', 'url': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/apps/urlcollections/', 'description': ''}

 

前提：这里需要子系统开启API接口文档，通过接口文档获取接口详情

 

from django.urls import path, includefrom rest_framework.documentation import include_docs_urlsurlpatterns = [    # path('admin/', admin.site.urls),    path('docs/', include_docs_urls(title='API文档', authentication_classes=[], permission_classes=[])),    path('apps/', include('apps.urls')),]

 

 

以上，大概可以符合需求，URL可以读取接口导入权限系统，动态分配

java 也有比较好的接口权限细化管理的方案，如apache shiro.

来源：https://www.icode9.com/content-1-663701.html