动词有很多种分类,其中有一种分法是“根据持续时间”,可以持续下去的动词被称为“延续性动词”;不可持续,只能在瞬间发生的动词被称为“非延续性动词”。study, work, stand, lie, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, read, sleep, live, stay…这些动作都可以延续下去,所以可以和“表示时间段”的状语连用。We have known each other for ten years.He will live in my house till the end of this month.再来看“非延续性动词”,也可以叫““瞬间动词”,其特点是动作一旦发生,就意味着完成和结束,不再延续。所以它们不能跟“时间段”连用。
open, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, arrive, see, die…He has died for three years.应该说:He has been dead for three years.如果非得用 die,可以这样说:He died three years ago.I joined the company for two years.这句也是错的,因为 join 是“非延续性动词”,可以改成:I have been in the company for two years.I joined the company two years ago.You might borrow my computer for two days.错误!因为 borrow 是非延续性动词,改成 keep 就对了,因为它是个延续性动词:You might keep my computer for two days.最后提醒一下,一个动词是否“延续”,也不是一成不变的,如果变换时态,可能会转化,比如:She told me a piece of news.这里的 told 是“非延续性动词”,但在现在进行时中,有变“延续性动词”了:She is telling me a piece of news.
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