图6. 颈槽蛇属系统演化关系、主要猎物、以及猎物的化学毒素成分。摘自文献13虽然颈槽蛇属物种有毒,部分物种的毒液会给人带来较为严重的伤害,然而颈槽蛇属物种绝大多数都生性温和不愿意张嘴咬人,同时其颈部毒液仅仅在接触到创口或者粘膜才会让人中毒,因此在野外遇到它们完全不必惊慌,更不要因为有毒就把它们赶尽杀绝(颈槽蛇属物种很多为我国特有,且均受野生动物保护法保护,禁止杀害),避开或用长棍挑开即可。参考文献【1】Takeuchi, H., Savitzky, A. H., Ding, L., Silva, A., Das, I., Nguyen, T. T., … & Mori, A. (2018). Evolution of nuchal glands, unusual defensive organs of Asian natricine snakes (Serpentes: Colubridae), inferred from a molecular phylogeny. Ecology and Evolution, 8 (20), 10219–10232 【2】赵尔宓, 黄美华, & 宗愉等. (1998). 中国动物志爬行纲有鳞目蛇亚目. 北京, 科学出版社.【3】赵尔宓. (2006). 中国蛇类. 合肥, 安徽科技出版社.【4】温汉春, & 李其斌. (2006). 红脖游蛇咬伤引起严重中毒的临床观察报告. 蛇志, 18 (2), 115–117. 【5】苌海华. (2008). 红脖游蛇咬伤中毒的临床分析. 硕士研究生毕业论文. 广西医科大学.【6】麦桂波, 林晓平, & 刘海峰. (2001). 虎斑游蛇咬伤中毒 1 例报告. 蛇志, 13 (2), 31.【7】Chen, Y. C., Yen, D. H. T., Chen, Y. W., Huang, M. S., Huang, C. I., & Chen, M. H. (2014). Toxin ophthalmia caused by nuchal gland secretion of the Taiwan tiger keelback (Rhabdophis tigrinus formosanus). Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, 113 (10), 750-753.【8】Mittleman, M. B., & Goris, R. C. (1974). Envenomation from the bite of the Japanese colubrid snake Rhabdophis tigrinus (Boie). Herpetologica, 113-119.【9】Morita, T., Matsumoto, H., & Iwanaga, S. (1988). in Rhabdophis tigrinus tigrinus (Yamakagashi Snake) Venom. Hemostasis and Animal Venoms, 7, 55.【10】Akizawa, T., Yasuhara, T., Kano, R., & Nakajima, T. (1985). Novel polyhydroxylated cardiac steroids in the nuchal glands of the snake, Rhabdophis tigrinus. Biomedical Research, 6 (6), 437-441.【11】Hutchinson, D. A., Mori, A., Savitzky, A. H., Burghardt, G. M., Wu, X., Meinwald, J., & Schroeder, F. C. (2007). Dietary sequestration of defensive steroids in nuchal glands of the Asian snake Rhabdophis tigrinus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104(7), 2265-2270.【12】Hutchinson, D. A., Savitzky, A. H., Mori, A., Meinwald, J., & Schroeder, F. C. (2008). Maternal provisioning of sequestered defensive steroids by the Asian snake Rhabdophis tigrinus. Chemoecology, 18 (3), 181-190. 【13】Yoshida, T., Ujiie, R., Savitzky, A. H., Jono, T., Inoue, T., Yoshinaga, N., ... & Chen, Q. (2020). Dramatic dietary shift maintains sequestered toxins in chemically defended snakes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919065117-完-