外形特征 Description 菲律宾水鹿体型小,腿短,但它是米沙鄢群岛中最大的地方性鹿种。成年鹿头尾长125-130厘米,肩高70-80厘米,体重25-80公斤。菲律宾水鹿很容易与菲律宾的其他种类的鹿区分开来,它的背部和侧面有独特的 "A "形米色斑点。其他明显的特征包括奶油色的下体和下巴及下唇的白毛。菲律宾水鹿的头部和颈部是棕色的,但比身体要浅,眼睛上有一圈较浅的毛。雄性比雌性大,并有短而粗的凹凸不平的鹿角。
生长繁殖 Growth and Breed 菲律宾水鹿的繁殖期为11月至12月,尽管交配可能更早开始。雄鹿用咆哮的叫声来吸引雌鹿。报告大多提到一对交配的鹿有一只幼崽,但由于看到的情况很少,所以没有关于幼崽数量的确凿证据。小鹿在经过大约240天的孕期后出生。断奶时间为6个月,在12个月时成熟。
地理分布 Distribution 菲律宾水鹿的分布范围曾经覆盖了海岸线,直到海拔至少2000米。由于现在菲律宾水鹿的分布范围有限,无法确定该物种的首选栖息地。菲律宾水鹿存在于较偏远的地区,特别是在坎隆山国家公园、北内格罗斯森林保护区、南坎多尼和西帕奈山(拟建的国家公园)的保护栖息地。
保护状况 Conservation status 菲律宾水鹿受到菲律宾法律的全面保护。狩猎和因伐木活动和农业改造而导致的森林砍伐被认为是导致鹿的数量严重下降的原因(1991年的调查发现,菲律宾水鹿只存在于其以前的5%的范围内)。根据世界自然保护联盟的统计,截至1996年,全世界估计有2500个成熟的个体存活,但不确定其中有多少仍在野外生存。自1991年以来,该物种的范围已严重减少,现在几乎与鄢陵疣猪的范围并存。
菲律宾水鹿的英文介绍 Introduction The Visayan spotted deer (Rusa alfredi), also known as the "Visayan deer", the "Philippine spotted deer" or "Prince Alfred's deer", is a nocturnal and endangered species of deer located primarily in the rainforests of the Visayan islands of Panay and Negros though it once roamed other islands such as Cebu, Guimaras, Leyte, Masbate, and Samar. It is one of three endemic deer species in the Philippines, although it was not recognized as a separate species until 1983.
An estimated 2,500 mature individuals survived worldwide as of 1996, according to the IUCN, although it is uncertain of how many of them still survive in the wild. The diet of the deer, which consists of a variety of different types of grasses, leaves, and buds within the forest, is the primary indicator of its habitat. Since 1991 the range of the species has severely decreased and is now almost co-extensive with that of the Visayan warty pig. 在神秘的大自然面前,我们无知的像个孩子......