定义:表示过去某时间的动作或状态。
结构:“主语+动词的过去式”
变化规则
1.规则动词的过去式:
1) 一般动词加—ed play--played
2) 以不发音e结尾的加—d live--lived
3) 以辅音加y结尾的,变y为i加—ed study--studied
4) 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写
这个辅音字母,再加—ed stop--stopped
2.不规则动词的过去式:
am,is – was are-were go – went do – did have-had see-saw write--wrote come-came take-took say-said eat-ate get-got put-put
3.规则动词词-ed的读音
清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ;
/t/ /d/ 之后念/id/
说明:
1、清念 /t/ ,即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ 。
例:finished helped passed cooked
2、元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音,浊辅音后面念 /d/ 。
例:borrowed enjoyed called moved
3、ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/。
例:wanted shouted needed counted
4.be动词的过去式构成:
(1)肯定句:主语+be (was,were)+其他。例如:
We were at home last night. 昨天晚上我们都在家。
(2)否定句:主语+be (was, were)+ not+其他。例如:
We were not at home last night.昨天晚上我们都不在家。
(3)一般疑问句:Be (Was,Were)+主语+其他?例如:
— Were you ill yesterday? 昨天你生病了吗?
— Yes, I was. 是的,我生病了。
— No, I wasn’t.不,我没有生病。
【注意】:一般过去时的助动词是did,没有人称和数的变化。
句中含有be动词的一般过去时的构成如下:
5.实义动词的过去式构成:
1.肯定句的构成
主语+实义动词的过去式+其他。
2.否定句的构成
主语+助动词did + not+实义动词的原形+其他。
例如: I didn’t go to see him last Sunday.
3.一般疑问句及其答语的构成
助动词Did+主语+动词原形+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主语+did。
否定回答:N0,主语+didn′t。例如:
一Did you visit the car factory yesterday?
一Yes,we did.是的,我们参观了。
一N0,we didn’t.不,我们没有。
一Did you go to see him last Sunday?
一Yes,I did.是的,我去了。
一N0,I didn’t.不,我没去。
巧记动词过去时态
动词一般过去时,表示过去发生事;
be用was或者were, have,has成had;
谓语动词过去式,过去时间作标志;
一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。
否定句很简单,主语之后didn′t添;
疑问句也不难,did放在主语前;
如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;
动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。
翻译:
Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Every day I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!
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