美国大学对本科生的12条培养标准

1．具有清楚的思维、谈吐和写作的表达能力（The ability to think, speak and write clearly）;

2．具有以批评和系统方式的推理能力（The ability to reason critically and systematically）;

3．具有形成概念和解决问题能力（The ability to conceptualize and solve problems）;

4．具有独立思考能力（The ability to think independently）;

5．具有敢于创新和独立能力（The ability to take initiative and work independently）;

6．具有与他人的合作能力（The ability to work in cooperation with others and learn collaboratively）;

7．具有彻底理解某种东西意味着什么的判断能力（The ability to judge what is means to understand something thoroughly）;

8．具有从琐碎中辨识重要、从短暂中辨识持久的辨识能力（The ability to distinguish the important from the trivial,the enduring from the ephemeral）;

9．熟悉不同方式的思维能力（Familiarity with dif ferent modes of thought）;

10．具有某一领域一定深度的知识能力（Depth of knowledge in a particular field）;

11．具有观察不同学科、理念及文化之间的关联能力（The ability to see connection among disciplines, ideas and cultures）;

12．具有一生求学不止的进步能力（The ability to pursue lifelong learning）。