| In order to have a better effect of memorizing, I will translate the note into Chinese. William Shakespeare 威廉.莎士比亚one of the first founders of realism, a master at realistic portrayal of human characters and relations.现实主义奠基者之一,描绘人性写实主义大师.Works: 1st period: Romeo and Juliet . 2nd Period: Hamlet, Othello, the Moor of
16TH CENTURY 16世纪
Thomas More Utopia 托马斯.莫尔 : 乌托邦 Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯.培根 Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard new poetical forms, borrowing from English popular songs ,Italian and French poetry. Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. 托马斯.华特, 亨利.霍华德; 新诗体, 结合英语意大利语和法语. 华特第一个引入商籁体诗(短诗/十四行). Philip Sidney, Thomas Campion and Edmund Spenser Lyrical poem become widespread in John Lyly, Thomas Loge Lyly’s novel Thomas Delaney, Thomas Nashe day life of craftsman, merchants and other representatives of lower class 托马斯.得朗尼, 托马斯.纳什: 现实主义小说, 低层工人,商人的日常生活. Christopher Marlowe Reformed drama that genre in English and perfected the language and verse of dramatic works. 克里斯脱弗.马落维 ; 剧作, 完善语言艺术.
17TH CENTURY 17世纪 PURITAN AGE 清教时期 Believed in simplicity of life, breaking up of old ideas, an age of confusion. Disapproved of the sonnets and love poetry written in the previous period. In 1642 the theatres were close. Absence of fixed standard of literary criticism, exaggeration of “metaphysical” poets. 追求简单生活, 打破旧有思想, 迷惘的时期. 反对十四行诗和以前的情诗. 1642年剧院兴起为结束. 缺乏固定的文学批判, "形而上学"的夸张诗歌. John Milton in whom the indomitable Puritan spirit finds its noblest expression. Paradise Lost 约翰.弥尔顿, 大无畏的清教精神找到了最高贵的表达. RESTORATION AGE 复兴时期 Renounced old ideas and demanded that English poetry and dream should follow the style which they had become accustomed in the gaiety of 旧有思想的复兴, 饱受法国文艺的影响. 总体来说是道德败坏和愤世嫉俗的. John Donne Go and catch a falling star, 约翰.邓恩 诗歌的高度成就, 十四行诗的新发展. <去吧,抓住一颗流星> |
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