B6U2出现了librarian，sponsor，pianist，violinist这几个词，它们的共同特征是词根加上相应的后缀-ian，-or，-ist后成为表示“人物”的名词，而这几个后缀只是冰山一角，今天我们就来总结一下常见的表示“人物”的名词后缀。
一、-ar / -er / -or 做……的人
【特征】一般加在动词后。
【例子】
-ar: beggar, burglar, liar, scholar
-er: *babysitter, employer, engineer, interviewer, keeper, lawyer, lecturer, settler, trainer
-or: actor, ancestor, conductor, director, educator, instructor, translator
二、-ee (动词的) 受动者
【特征】一般加在动词后。-er / -or 表示主动，而-ee表示被动
【例子】
examiner 主考人；监考员 / examinee 参加考试者；受试人
employer 雇主 / employee 雇员
interviewer 会见者 / interviewee 被接见者；被访问者
三、-ess 女性；雌性
这是Kung fu Panda里的娇虎，在电影中被叫做tigeress，指雌性的虎，同理，转移到人，则是指女性。
【特征】一般加在名词后。-er / -or多表示男性，而-ess多为女性。
【例子】
actress, hostess, waitress
四、-ist …… 专业人员，……专家；……主义者：
【特征】此后缀所构成的名词指“某种主义、宗教或政治的信仰者；某学科的研究者；某乐器的演奏者”。一般加在以-al结尾的名词或形容词后，构成人称名词。在带有-ism后缀且表示“某种主义”的名词中，用-ist代替-ism，意为“……主义者”。
【例子】
artist, chemist, dentist, journalist, novelist, physicist, pianist, specialist, socialist, tourist, violinist
五、-ian 精通……的人；……地方的人
【特征】它一般加在以 -ic (-ics) 或 -y 结尾的名词、形容词后，构成人称名词。
【例子】
librarian, musician, physician
American, Australian, Canadian, Egyptian, Indian, politician
六、-ant / -ent 做……的人：
【例子】
accountant, assistant, consultant, *inhabitant, president, *resident, servant
练 习
一、给提示词加上适当的后缀，并用其正确形式填空。
1. So far the well-known ______________ (journal) has accumulated (聚集) more than 4,000 interviews with famous people. (2014 湖北)
2. The famous ______________ (music), as well as his students, was invited to perform at the New Year’s party.
3. The company wants to find a good ______________ (engine) to repair their broken machines.
4. The ______________ (library) told the student that he should return the book in two weeks.
5. My English is very good and I used to work as a ______________ (translate) during my vacations.
6. Tom wants to become a ______________ (law) in the future. (2009 全国改)
7. Because of his special experience, he was chosen to be an ______________ (assist) to the president for energy affairs. (2010 全国改)
二、给提示词加上适当的后缀，并用其正确形式填空。
employ
1. I was given a pay rise of 1,000 dollars by my ______________.
2. Creating an atmosphere in which ______________ feel part of a team is a big challenge. (2015 浙江改)
train
3. A football team normally has a ______________ to keep the players fit.
4. At the moment he’s a management ______________. If he’s qualified, he’ll be given his first responsible position in January.
interview
5. The ______________ answers each question carefully in the interview.
6. In order to impress at a job interview, you need to bond with the ______________ right away. (2015 安徽)
pay
7. On the check, write the name of the ______________ and then sign your name.
8. I don’t think the tax ______________ was very happy about the economic reform.
examine
9. He was a senior driving ______________.
10. A top ______________ in College Entrance Examination seems to have more chance to succeed.
Key:
一、
1. journalist
2. musician
3. engineer
4. librarian
5. translator
6. lawyer
7. assistant
二、
1. employer 2. employees
3. trainer 4. trainee
5. interviewee 6. interviewer(s)
7. payer 8. payee
9. examiner 10. examinee
以上部分内容选自《新高中英语词汇》
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