这次整理了这两单元的短语、句型和语法，可以作为大家课堂学习的辅助资料。
What are the shirts made of ?
一、重点短语
1. be made of\from... 由.......制成
2. be made in... 在.......制造
3. the art and science fair艺术与科学展览会
4. environmental protection 环境保护
5. be known\famous for. 以……闻名
6. a model plane飞机模型
7. on the sides of mountains在山腰
8. do sth. by hand手工做……
9. all over the world全世界
10. be good for.对……有益
11. in the local shops在当地的商店里
12. avoid doing sth. 避免……
13. in fact事实上
14. many other things许多其他的东西
15. high-technology products高科技产品
16. in all parts of the world在世界各地
19. be covered by... 被……覆盖
20. use to do sth. 用……来做某事
21. go on a vacation to... 去……度假
22. many different kinds of 许多不同种类的
23.fly a kite 放风筝= fly kites
24. the international kite festival 国际风筝节
24. be painted with... 被画上.......
25. traditional art 传统艺术
26.turn into... 变成
27. sky lantern 孔明灯
28. be covered with 被……所覆盖
29. rise into... 升入……
30. send out 发送……
31. (be) in trouble 陷人困境
32. bright symbols of happiness幸福的光明象征
33. cutting paper 剪纸
34. put.. . on... 把……放到……
35. Chinese fairy tale 一个神话故事
36. Chinese clay art 中国泥塑艺术
37.at a very high heat 在高温下
38. the Spring Festival 春节
39. according to 根据……
二、重点句子
1. What are the shirts made of ? They are made of cotton. 这些衬衣是什么做的？是棉花做的
2. What is the model plane made of? It’s made of wood and glass.
这个飞机模型是由什么制成的？是木头和玻璃做的。
3. As far as I know , tea plants are grown on the side of mountains.
据我所知茶是在山腰上种植的。
4. When the leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.
当茶叶成熟了，它们被手工采摘下来然后被送去加工。
5. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.
不管你买的是什么东西，你可能认为它们都是那些国家制造的。
6. He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China.
他发现了一个有趣的现象:在当地的商店里竟然有这么多东西都是中国制造的。
found it+adj. +that从句
7. He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.
他意识到美国人几乎不可避免的买中国制造的产品。
8. —Where did you go on vacation? —I went to an international kite festival.
你去哪里度假了？我去参观了一个国际风筝节。
9. The most common things, from paper to clay to bamboo, are turned into objects of beauty.
最为普通的东西从纸到陶土再到竹子，都变成了精美的物品。
10. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble
当遇到麻烦时，他放天灯来寻求帮助
11. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.
它们是由竹子制成的，并被纸覆盖住。
12. During the spring festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.
春节期间，它们被贴在窗户、门和墙上作为好运和祝福新年的标志。
13.The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry.
这些（泥制）作品通过手工用一种非常特殊的陶土精心塑形，之后再自然晾干。
14 .It takes several weeks to complete everything.
将一切准备就绪要花好几个星期。
It takes (sb. ) some time to do sth.
三、重点语法
The Passive Voice (被动语态)
知识概括：英语的语态共有两种即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）
I.主动语态变被动语态：
II. 被动语态的时态及构成
1. 一般现在时态的被动语态: 助动词be (am \is\ are) 十及物动词的过去分词
(be 有人称时态和数的变化 其变化与be 作为系动词时一样)
例：Workers make cars.→
记住：宾变主,主变宾,by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动,be后“过分”来使用。
2.一般过去时态的被动语态: 助动词be (was\ were)+及物动词的过去分词
例：The boy made a kite yesterday→
3.含有情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
例：You must look after your things.→
4. 现在进行时： be +being +及物动词的过去分词
例：I am reading a book. A book is being read (by me).
5.现在完成时： have/has +been+及物动词的过去分词
例：I have returned the book.→The book ____ ______ _____ (by me)
6.一般将来时：will/shall/be going to +be+及物动词的过去分词：
I will visit my uncle next week. → My uncle ___ ___ ____next week (by me).
口诀：
宾变主,主变宾,
by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动,
be后“过分”来使用。
II. 注意事项
1.只有及物动词（vt.）才能构成被动语态(不及物动词没有被动语态)：
We often plant trees in spring. →Trees are often planted in spring(by us).
2.动词短语构成被动语态时应把短语作为整体,不能将介词或副词丢掉.
she can take care of her sister→ Her sister can be taken care of (by her).
3.带有省去不定式符号“to”的主动变为被动时“to”须加上：
They made me clean the classroom→I was made to clean the clssroom (by them).
4.带复合宾语（双宾语）的主动语态变为被动语态时，两个宾语都可作被动语态的主语，一般来说，用间接宾语，如直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前面必须加上“to” 或for：
My father gave me a present yesterday.
①间宾 ②直宾 (常用的词有give , buy , pass, show, bring等)
→I was given a present (by my father) yesterday. A present was given to me (by my father) yesterday.
5.将被动语态变为主动语态时必须找准动作的执行者（因为在被动语态中动作和执行者往往被省略）
例：Tea is grown in the south. →Farmers grow tea in the south.
6. 非谓语动词的被动语态:
T to do---to be done: A wild animal zoo is to be built in our city．
T v.+ing ----v+ being done: I don't like being laughed at in the public.
四、体验 “no matter…” 的用法
1. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries.无论你可能买什么，你可能认为那些产品就是在那些国家里被制造。
2. No matter when you are free, you can come here for a cup of coffee.无论何时你有空，你都可以到这儿来喝茶。
3. The police will find the criminal no matter where he hides himself.无论这个罪犯藏身何处，警察都会找到他。
4. No matter how tired he was, he went on doing his work. 无论他是多么疲惫，他都继续工作。
When was it invented ?
一、短语归纳
It's my pleasure.= My pleasure. 我的荣幸
seem+to+动词原形 好像做某事
such a great invention 如此伟大的一项发明
think of = think about 想到，考虑
in our daily lives 在我们的日常生活中
in my daily life在我的日常生活中
have a point 有道理
by accident 偶然地，意外地
over an open fire 在篝火上
it mentioned that 它提到
It is said that 据说
It is believed that人们相信
fall into(过去式fell into)=drop into掉进…
in the 19th century 在19世纪
spread to other countries 传播到其他国家
at a low price 以很低的价格
bring(brought) sth. to sp.把某物带到某处
all of a sudden 突然地
less than少于，不到 more than = over 超过
translate...into....把…翻译成…
without doubt 毫无疑问
at that time 在那时
advise sb (not) to do sth建议某人(不要)做某事
start doing sth 开始做某事
work on sth 致力于某事
(be) similar to 与……相似
the Olympics 奥运会
by mistake 错误地，无意地
make a mistake 犯错
divide ...into…把…分成…
in the end = at last = finally 最后
at the same time 同时
teach(taught) sb to do sth 教某人做某事
come up with 想出
encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
the purpose of ……的目的
stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
dream of doing sth 梦想做某事
look up to sb.钦佩某人
look up the word 查找单词
work together 一起工作
work hard 努力工作
I want to achieve my dream.我想实现梦想
My dream will come true.我的梦想会实现
on a hard floor 在坚硬的地板上
lead to导致 leader 领导，引路人
Don't mention it.不客气，不用谢
be used for doing sth=be used to do sth被用来做某事
be used as 被用作…
be used by sb. 被某人使用
help sb do sth.=help sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事
make a decision to do sth.=decide to do sth.决定做某事
make sb. + adj. 使某人怎么样
make sb do sth使某人做某事
be made to do sth 被使唤去做某事
in this way这样，用这种方式
二、重点内容全解
1.some time 一段时间 sometimes 有时 some times几次 sometime 某个时候
2.one of the world's favorite drinks世界最受欢迎的饮料之一.one of …之一，后面的名词用复数（一般要加S），动词用单数（一般要加S）；favorite,最喜欢的，前面要用“谁的”.
3.thousand千hundred百million百万，当它们前面有数字的时候，它们本身不能加S,当它们后面有of的时候它们要加S，但前面的数字和后面的of不能同时存在
4.not…until直到…才,I don't go to sleep until 11 every day.我每天直到11点才睡觉。
5.take place 表示预料之中的事情的发生，happen表示预料不到的事情的发生，两个“发生”都没有被动
6.alone adv.独自，如live alone 独自居住； lonely adj,孤单的，如a lonely person
7.enough, 足够的，修饰名词时放前面，如enough money足够的钱; 修饰形容词或副词时放后面，如old enough（年龄）足够大
8.not only ... but also...不但…而且…，句子中的动词要根据but also后面的人来确定单复数(即“就近原则”)，如 Not only I but also she likes the new teacher.
9.the number of …的数量，后面的名词用复数（一般要加S），动词用单数（is）
a number of 许多…，后面的名词用复数（一般要加S），动词用复数（are）
10.else 和 other 都表示“别的”，else 一般放在who、what等特殊疑问词或somebody 、someone等不定代词后，如someone else别人who else别的谁，而other一般放在名词前，如other animals
11.such和so 都表示“如此”，such 后面一般跟名词短语，如such good weather,而so 后面一般跟形容词或副词，如so beautiful
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