一、by+地点名词，by意为“在…...旁；靠近”。如：
Our teacher is sitting by the window. 我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。
She searched the top of the hill and stopped to rest on a big rock by the side of the path. 搜索了山顶,然后停下来在路边的一块大石头上休息.
After supper she would sit down by the fire,sometimes for as long as an hour,thinking of her young and happy days. 晚饭后,她常坐在火旁,有时长达一个小时地回忆她那青春、快乐的年代.
二、by+人称代词宾格，by意为“经过”。如：
He walked by me without saying a word. 他走过我的身旁，没有说一句话。
三、by+时间点，by意为“不迟于，在......之前”。如：
I shall be back by 5 o'clock. 我最迟五点回来。
By the end of last year,another new gymnasium had been completed. 到去年年底,又有一座新体育馆峻工了.
The train leaves at 6:00 pm.So I have to be at the station by 5:40 pm at the latest. 火车下午六点开,所以最晚我得五点四十赶到车站.
四、by+人，by意为“被；由”，用于被动语态。如：
DYIBG TO SURVIVE is loved by more and more people. 《我不是药神》被越来越多的人喜欢。
五、by+交通工具，by意为“乘坐......”。如：
Someday we may travel by spaceship. 总有一天我们可能乘坐宇宙飞船去旅行。
It takes a long time to go there by train;it`s quicker by road.(或by bus) 乘火车去那儿要花很长时间，公路比较快.
“I usually go there by train”.“Why not try going by boat(或water)for a change?”(NMET92)“我常乘火车去那儿.”“为何不尝试一下坐船呢?”
来源：网络。本文版权归原创作者所有。若侵联删。
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