四、使用WS-Security规范对信息进行加密与身份认证
我们打算用Handler结合WSSecurity实现Web服务安全(Handler的有关内容请参阅AXIS学习笔记（二））
设想流程：用WSClientRequestHandler.java位于客户端对客户端发出的XML文档进行加密
WSServerRequestHandler.java位于服务器端对客户端发出的加密后的XML文档进行解密
WSServerResponseHandler.java位于服务器端对服务器端返回的XML文档进行加密
WSClientResponseHandler.java位于客户端对服务器端返回的XML文档进行解密
1、使用ISNetworks安全提供者，ISNetworks实现了RSA加密、解密算法。
当然，你也可以使用其它的安全提供者，并且可以使用不同的加密算法。
ISNetworks相关包ISNetworksProvider.jar。拷贝到%TOMCAT_HOME% \webapps\axis\WEB-INF\lib
2、Trust Services Integration Kit提供了一个WS-Security实现。你可以从
http://www.xmltrustcenter.org获得相关库文件，分别是ws-security.jar和tsik.jar。ws-security.jar中包含一个WSSecurity类，我们使用它来对XML进行数字签名和验证，加密与解密。同样拷贝到%TOMCAT_HOME%\webapps\axis\WEB-INF\lib
3、创建密匙库和信任库。（见上文，一模一样！）
4、框架结构
WSClientHandler.java //基类，包含了一些公用方法
WSClientRequestHandler.java //继承于WSClientHandler.java，调用WSHelper.java对客户端发出的XML文档进行加密
WSClientResponseHandler.java //继承于WSClientHandler.java，调用WSHelper.java对服务器端返回的XML文档进行解密
WSServerHandler.java //基类，包含了一些公用方法
WSServerRequestHandler.java //继承于WSServerHandler.java，调用WSHelper.java对客户端发出的加密后的XML文档进行解密
WSServerResponseHandler.java//继承于WSServerHandler.java，调用WSHelper.java对服务器端返回的XML文档进行加密
WSHelper.java //核心类，对SOAP消息签名、加密、解密、身份验证
MessageConverter.java //帮助类，Document、SOAP消息互相转换
5、具体分析（在此强烈建议看一下tsik.jar的API）
WSHelper.java public class WSHelper {
static String PROVIDER="ISNetworks";//JSSE安全提供者。
//添加JSSE安全提供者，你也可以使用其它安全提供者。只要支持DESede算法。这是程序里动态加载还可以在JDK中静态加载
static
{
java.security.Security.addProvider(new com.isnetworks.provider.jce.ISNetworksProvider());
}
/**
*对XML文档进行数字签名。
*/
public static void sign(Document doc, String keystore, String storetype,
String storepass, String alias, String keypass) throws Exception {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(keystore);
java.security.KeyStore keyStore = java.security.KeyStore.getInstance(storetype);
keyStore.load(fileInputStream, storepass.toCharArray());
PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey)keyStore.getKey(alias, keypass.toCharArray());
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate)keyStore.getCertificate(alias);
SigningKey sk = SigningKeyFactory.makeSigningKey(key);
KeyInfo ki = new KeyInfo();
ki.setCertificate(cert);
WSSecurity wSSecurity = new WSSecurity();//ws-security.jar中包含的WSSecurity类
wSSecurity.sign(doc, sk, ki);//签名。
}
/**
*对XML文档进行身份验证。
*/
public static boolean verify(Document doc, String keystore, String storetype,
String storepass) throws Exception {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(keystore);
java.security.KeyStore keyStore = java.security.KeyStore.getInstance(storetype);
keyStore.load(fileInputStream, storepass.toCharArray());
TrustVerifier verifier = new X509TrustVerifier(keyStore);
WSSecurity wSSecurity = new WSSecurity();
MessageValidity[] resa = wSSecurity.verify(doc, verifier, null,null);
if (resa.length > 0)
return resa[0].isValid();
return false;
}
/**
*对XML文档进行加密。必须有JSSE提供者才能加密。
*/
public static void encrypt(Document doc, String keystore, String storetype,
String storepass, String alias) throws Exception {
try
{
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(keystore);
java.security.KeyStore keyStore = java.security.KeyStore.getInstance(storetype);
keyStore.load(fileInputStream, storepass.toCharArray());
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate)keyStore.getCertificate(alias);
PublicKey pubk = cert.getPublicKey();
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("DESede",PROVIDER);
keyGenerator.init(168, new SecureRandom());
SecretKey key = keyGenerator.generateKey();
KeyInfo ki = new KeyInfo();
ki.setCertificate(cert);
WSSecurity wSSecurity = new WSSecurity();
//加密。
wSSecurity.encrypt(doc, key, AlgorithmType.TRIPLEDES, pubk, AlgorithmType.RSA1_5, ki);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
*对文档进行解密。
*/
public static void decrypt(Document doc, String keystore, String storetype,
String storepass, String alias, String keypass) throws Exception {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(keystore);
java.security.KeyStore keyStore = java.security.KeyStore.getInstance(storetype);
keyStore.load(fileInputStream, storepass.toCharArray());
PrivateKey prvk2 = (PrivateKey)keyStore.getKey(alias, keypass.toCharArray());
WSSecurity wSSecurity = new WSSecurity();
//解密。
wSSecurity.decrypt(doc, prvk2, null);
WsUtils.removeEncryptedKey(doc);//从 WS-Security Header中删除 EncryptedKey 元素
}
public static void removeWSSElements(Document doc) throws Exception {
WsUtils.removeWSSElements(doc);// 删除WSS相关的元素。
}
}
WSClientHandler.java //继承自org.apache.axis.handlers.BasicHandler即AXIS内在的
public class WSClientHandler extends BasicHandler{
protected String keyStoreFile ;
protected String keyStoreType ="JKS";//默认
protected String keyStorePassword ;
protected String keyAlias ;
protected String keyEntryPassword ;
protected String trustStoreFile ;
protected String trustStoreType = "JKS";//默认
protected String trustStorePassword ;
protected String certAlias ;
public void setInitialization(String keyStoreFile,String keyStoreType,String keyStorePassword,
String keyAlias,String keyEntryPassword,String trustStoreFile,
String trustStoreType,String trustStorePassword,String certAlias){
this.keyStoreFile=keyStoreFile;
this.keyStoreType=keyStoreType;
this.keyStorePassword=keyStorePassword;
this.keyAlias=keyAlias;
this.keyEntryPassword=keyEntryPassword;
this.trustStoreFile=trustStoreFile;
this.trustStoreType=trustStoreType;
this.trustStorePassword=trustStorePassword;
this.certAlias=certAlias;
}
public void setInitialization(String keyStoreFile,String keyStorePassword,
String keyAlias,String keyEntryPassword,String trustStoreFile,
String trustStorePassword,String certAlias){
this.keyStoreFile=keyStoreFile;
this.keyStorePassword=keyStorePassword;
this.keyAlias=keyAlias;
this.keyEntryPassword=keyEntryPassword;
this.trustStoreFile=trustStoreFile;
this.trustStorePassword=trustStorePassword;
this.certAlias=certAlias;
}
public void invoke(MessageContext messageContext) throws AxisFault {//在这个方法里对XML文档进行处理
//do nothing now!
}
public void onFault(MessageContext msgContext) {
System.out.println("处理错误，这里忽略！");
}
}
WSClientRequestHandler.java public class WSClientRequestHandler extends WSClientHandler{
public void invoke(MessageContext messageContext) throws AxisFault {
try {
SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageContext.getMessage();
Document doc = MessageConverter.convertSoapMessageToDocument(soapMessage); //soapMessage转换为Document
WSHelper.sign(doc, keyStoreFile, keyStoreType,keyStorePassword, keyAlias, keyEntryPassword); //数字签名
WSHelper.encrypt(doc, trustStoreFile, trustStoreType, trustStorePassword, certAlias); //加密
soapMessage = MessageConverter.convertDocumentToSOAPMessage(doc);
//处理后的Document再转换回soapMessage
messageContext.setMessage(soapMessage);
} catch (Exception e){
System.err.println("在处理响应时发生以下错误： " + e);
e.printStackTrace(); }
}
}
WSClientResponseHandler.java public class WSClientResponseHandler extends WSClientHandler{
public void invoke(MessageContext messageContext) throws AxisFault {
try {
SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageContext.getCurrentMessage();
Document doc = MessageConverter.convertSoapMessageToDocument(soapMessage);
WSHelper.decrypt(doc, keyStoreFile, keyStoreType,
keyStorePassword, keyAlias, keyEntryPassword);//解密
WSHelper.verify(doc, trustStoreFile, trustStoreType, trustStorePassword);//验证
WSHelper.removeWSSElements(doc);
soapMessage = MessageConverter.convertDocumentToSOAPMessage(doc);
messageContext.setMessage(soapMessage);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("在处理响应时发生以下错误： " + e);
}
}
}
WSServerHandler.java public class WSServerHandler extends BasicHandler{
protected String keyStoreFile ;
protected String keyStoreType ="JKS";//默认
protected String keyStorePassword ;
protected String keyAlias ;
protected String keyEntryPassword ;
protected String trustStoreFile ;
protected String trustStoreType = "JKS";//默认
protected String trustStorePassword ;
protected String certAlias ;
public void invoke(MessageContext messageContext) throws AxisFault {
//do nothing now!
}
public void onFault(MessageContext msgContext) {
System.out.println("处理错误，这里忽略！");
}
public void init() { //初始化，从配置文件server-config.wsdd中读取属性
keyStoreFile = (String)getOption("keyStoreFile");
if(( keyStoreFile== null) )
System.err.println("Please keyStoreFile configured for the Handler!");
trustStoreFile = (String)getOption("trustStoreFile");
if(( trustStoreFile== null) )
System.err.println("Please trustStoreFile configured for the Handler!");
keyStorePassword = (String)getOption("keyStorePassword");
if(( keyStorePassword== null) )
System.err.println("Please keyStorePassword configured for the Handler!");
keyAlias = (String)getOption("keyAlias");
if(( keyAlias== null) )
System.err.println("Please keyAlias configured for the Handler!");
keyEntryPassword = (String)getOption("keyEntryPassword");
if(( keyEntryPassword== null) )
System.err.println("Please keyEntryPassword configured for the Handler!");
trustStorePassword = (String)getOption("trustStorePassword");
if(( trustStorePassword== null) )
System.err.println("Please trustStorePassword configured for the Handler!");
certAlias = (String)getOption("certAlias");
if ((certAlias==null))
System.err.println("Please certAlias configured for the Handler!");
if ((getOption("keyStoreType")) != null)
keyStoreType = (String)getOption("keyStoreType");
if ((getOption("trustStoreType")) != null)
trustStoreType = (String)getOption("trustStoreType");
}
}
WSServerRequestHandler.java public class WSServerRequestHandler extends WSServerHandler{
public void invoke(MessageContext messageContext) throws AxisFault {
try {
SOAPMessage msg = messageContext.getCurrentMessage();
Document doc = MessageConverter.convertSoapMessageToDocument(msg);
System.out.println("接收的原始消息:");
msg.writeTo(System.out);
WSHelper.decrypt(doc, keyStoreFile, keyStoreType,
keyStorePassword, keyAlias, keyEntryPassword);//解密
WSHelper.verify(doc, trustStoreFile, trustStoreType, trustStorePassword);//验证
WSHelper.removeWSSElements(doc);
msg = MessageConverter.convertDocumentToSOAPMessage(doc);
System.out.println("怀原后的原始消息:");
msg.writeTo(System.out);
messageContext.setMessage(msg);
} catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("在处理响应时发生以下错误： " + e);
}
}
}
WSServerResponseHandler.java public class WSServerResponseHandler extends WSServerHandler{
public void invoke(MessageContext messageContext) throws AxisFault {
try {
SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageContext.getMessage();
System.out.println("返回的原始消息:");
soapMessage.writeTo(System.out);
Document doc = MessageConverter.convertSoapMessageToDocument(soapMessage);
WSHelper.sign(doc, keyStoreFile, keyStoreType,
keyStorePassword, keyAlias, keyEntryPassword);//数字签名
WSHelper.encrypt(doc, trustStoreFile, trustStoreType,//加密
trustStorePassword, certAlias);
soapMessage = MessageConverter.convertDocumentToSOAPMessage(doc);
System.out.println("返回的加密后的消息:");
soapMessage.writeTo(System.out);
messageContext.setMessage(soapMessage);
} catch (Exception e){
System.err.println("在处理响应时发生以下错误： " + e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
6、应用
为方便使用，把上述文件打包为ws-axis.jar,放入%TOMCAT_HOME%\webapps\axis\WEB-INF\lib
1）把HelloWorld重新部署一次，在server-config.wsdd中修改如下部署代码。
<service name="HelloWorld" provider="java:RPC">
<parameter name="allowedMethods" value="*"/>
<parameter name="className" value="HelloWorld"/>
<requestFlow>
<handler type="soapmonitor"/>
<handler type="java:com.ronghao.WSAxis.WSServerRequestHandler">
<parameter name="keyStoreFile" value="f:\server.keystore"/>
<parameter name="trustStoreFile" value="f:\server.truststore"/>
<parameter name="keyStorePassword" value="changeit"/>
<parameter name="keyAlias" value="Server"/>
<parameter name="keyEntryPassword" value="changeit"/>
<parameter name="trustStorePassword" value="changeit"/>
<parameter name="certAlias" value="clientkey"/>
</handler>
</requestFlow>
<responseFlow>
<handler type="soapmonitor"/>
<handler type="java:com.ronghao.WSAxis.WSServerResponseHandler">
<parameter name="keyStoreFile" value="f:\server.keystore"/>
<parameter name="trustStoreFile" value="f:\server.truststore"/>
<parameter name="keyStorePassword" value="changeit"/>
<parameter name="keyAlias" value="Server"/>
<parameter name="keyEntryPassword" value="changeit"/>
<parameter name="trustStorePassword" value="changeit"/>
<parameter name="certAlias" value="clientkey"/>
</handler>
</responseFlow>
</service>
2)修改客户端程序 TestClient.java（修改的部分已标出，记着导入ws-axis.jar）
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import org.apache.axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.axis.client.Service;
import com.ronghao.WSAxis.*;
public class WSSClient1
{
public static void main(String [] args)
{
try {
//服务端的url，需要根据情况更改。
String endpointURL = "http://localhost:8080/axis/services/HelloWorld";
Service svc = new Service();
WSClientHandler handler=new WSClientRequestHandler();
//注意新加的HANDLER
handler.setInitialization("f:/client.keystore","changeit","Client","changeit",
"f:/client.truststore","changeit","serverkey");//初始化
WSClientHandler handlee=new WSClientResponseHandler();
//注意新加的HANDLER
handlee.setInitialization("f:/client.keystore","changeit","Client","changeit",
"f:/client.truststore","changeit","serverkey");//初始化
Call call =(Call)svc.createCall();
call.setClientHandlers(handler,handlee);//添加Handler
call.setTargetEndpointAddress(new java.net.URL(endpointURL));
call.setOperationName(new QName("sayHello"));
String result = (String) call.invoke( new Object [] {});
System.out.println("the result"+result);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
运行的时候http://localhost:8080/axis/SOAPMonitor中看到的请求的XML就已加密！
总结
这里对代码的解释是不够的，很多概念没有提到。建议你最好看tsik.jar和AXIS的API深入了解。另外对ws-axis.jar的加解密实现打算运用apache的wss4j,相关网址http://ws.apache.org/ws-fx/wss4j/。不过这个东西也应该够用了暂时。所有的源文件在附件中
附件：soapTest.zip(279K)
