不再推荐 SABA 单药治疗成人及青少年哮喘。 尽管吸入 SABA 可迅速高效的缓解哮喘症状,但与加用吸入激素(ICS)治疗相比,仅用 SABA 治疗的哮喘相关死亡风险增加(A 级证据),哮喘相关的紧急就诊也增加(A 级证据),甚至是在症状控制良好的哮喘患者中也是同样情况。 SABA 更高剂量使用与单药使用 SABA 可导致哮喘急性发作与死亡率明显升高。 有长期研究发现对于新诊断的哮喘,与起始低剂量 ICS 相比,规律使用 SABA 者结局与肺功能更差。
2020 年中国哮喘诊治指南 [2]:
激素是最有效的控制哮喘气道炎症的药物,哮喘慢性持续期首选 ICS; SABA 应按需使用,不宜长期、单一、过量使用; 按需使用 SABA 时应同时联合低剂量 ICS(证据等级 A)。
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