Pacific adj. 太平洋的：the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
pack n.[C]包，捆：He bought a pack of cigarettes at the store. 他在店里买了一包香烟。v. 打包，收拾：He packed his bags and left. 他弄好行李袋就离开了。/ She was busy packing. 她正忙于整理东西。/Round things won't pack easily. 圆形的东西不易包装。
page n.[C]页，页码：The letter was three pages long. 这封信有三页长。/ Open your book at page 9. 翻到书本第九页。/ There is a picture of a ship on page 35. 在第35页上有张一艘船的照片。
pain n. 1.[C,U]疼痛，疼：I have pain[a pain, pains] in my stomach. 我胃痛。/ She cried with pain. 她痛得哭了起来。/ His broken leg gave him a lot of pain. 他的断腿使他感到非常疼痛。2.(常用复)努力，劳苦：Great pains have been taken to do this. 干这事煞费苦心。/ She is at pains to find[of finding] facts. 她正在努力了解事实真相。
painful adj.使痛的，使痛苦的：His head was very painful. 他的头很疼。/ The wound is painful. 这伤口很痛。/ He has painful eyes. 他眼睛痛。/ It's a painful lesson. 那是一次惨痛的教训。
【考点】只表示使人感到疼痛或痛苦，不表示自己感到疼或痛苦，如“我感到背有点痛”不能说成I feel painful in my back，可改为I feel a pain in my back。又如“他仍很痛苦”不能译为He's still painful，可改为He is still in pain。
paint n.1.[U,C]油漆，颜色：There is paint on your clothes. 你衣服上沾了油漆。/ Paint keeps wood in good condition. 油漆可以使木材维持良好的状态。/ Wet paint. 油漆未干。/ He bought a box of paints. 他买了一盒颜料。v. 1.油漆，粉刷：The bathroom need painting. 浴室需要油漆。/ She painted her room green. 她把自己的房间刷成了绿色。2.绘画 ：She painted a picture of the mountains at the sunset. 她画了一幅群山夕照图。
【考点】用作名词时通常不可数，但若表示一套管装或块状的颜色，则通常用复数形式。
painter n.[C]绘画者，(油)画家：He is a famous painter. 他是著名画家。
painting n. 1.[U]绘画：Are you doing a lot of painting? 你常常画画吗？2.[C]图画：I like this painting. 我喜欢这张图画。
pair n. 一双，一对：a pair of shoes 一双鞋 / a pair of gloves 一对手套 / a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 / a pair of wings 一对翅膀 / This pair of trousers is old. 这条裤子旧了。/ These pairs of socks are cheap. 这几双袜子很便宜。
【考点】用来指由两者组成的“一双”或“一对”，或由两半合成的“一条”、“一副”、“一把”等。
palace n.[C]宫，宫殿：the Children's Palace 少年宫 / the Summer Palace 颐和园 / the Palace Museum in Beijing 北京故宫博物院 / The Working People's Palace of Culture劳动人民文化宫 / We walked across the empty courtyard of the palace.我们穿过宫殿前的空旷的院子。
pale adj.苍白的，灰白的：You look a bit pale. 你看来有点苍白。/ She turned pale with fear. 她脸都吓白了。
pan n.[C]平底锅：Get me a big frying pan. 给我拿个大平底锅来。/ We bake bread in a pan.我们用平底锅烘烤面包。
panda n.[C]熊猫：lesser panda 小熊猫 / giant panda 大熊猫 / We had a panda as our mascot. 我们把熊猫作为吉祥物。
paper n. 1.[U]纸：It is made of paper. 它是纸做的。/ Give me a piece of paper. 给我一张纸。/ He wrote his name on a slip of paper. 他把名字写在一张纸条上。2.[C]报纸：Have you seen today's paper? 你看到今天的报纸了吗？/ He was reading an evening paper. 他在读一张晚报。3.[C]试卷，考卷：a history paper 一份历史试卷 / The teacher was marking the papers. 教师在批改考卷。
pardon n.[U,C]原谅，宽恕：Beg pardon, I didn't quite catch your meaning. 对不起，我没听清楚你的意思。/ I beg your pardon, I meant the green one. 对不起，我指的是那个绿色的。v.原谅，宽恕：Please pardon me for not arriving sooner. 请原谅我没早些到。/ We must pardon him his little faults. 我们必须原谅他的小缺点。/ Pardon my[me] interrupting you. 对不起，打扰你一下。
【考点】1.口语中说I beg your pardon?(用升调)，可用于请对方重说一遍自己说过的话。 2.要表示“原谅某人做某事”，不能用pardon sb to do sth，而用pardon sb doing sth, pardon sb's doing sth, pardon sb for doing sth。
parent n.[C]父(母)，双亲：You seem to forget that I have parents. 你似乎忘了我是有父母的。/ Her parents are still alive. 她的父母还活着。/ Being a parent can be hard work. 为人父(母)可能很不容易。
【用法】表示父亲或母亲，要表示父母双亲，要用复数。
Paris n. 巴黎：Have you been to Paris? 你去过巴黎吗?
park n.[C]公园：He often takes a walk in the park. 他经常到公园散步。/ I met a friend of mine in the park. 我在公园遇到了我的一位朋友。
【用法】构成专有名词时，通常不用冠词：Hyde Park (伦敦)海德公园 / Central Park (纽约)中央公园 / Beihai Park 北海公园。比较：the People's Park 人民公园
park n.[C]停车场(=parking lot)：You should leave your car in the car park. 你应该把车停在停车场。/ I drove out of the car park. 我把车从停车场开了出来。v.停车：You can't park (your car) in this street. 这条街不准停车。/ No parking (here). (此处)不准停车。/ You can park anywhere except here. 只有这里不能停车。
parking n. 1.[U]停车：No parking. 禁止停车。/ Please park your car in the parking lot. 请把车停在停车场。2.[U]停车处：There is plenty of parking behind the building. 这建筑物后面有许多停车位。/ Is there any parking near the theatre? 这剧院附近有停车的地方吗？
parrot n.[C]鹦鹉：Parrots imitate human speech. 鹦鹉学人语。
part n. 1.[C,U]部分：The cake was divided into three parts. 蛋糕被分为三块。/ I read only (a) part of the story. 这部小说我只看过一部分。/ Parts of the book are interesting. 这本书有些部分很有趣。2.[C]部件：They work in a factory that makes radio parts. 他们在一家制造无线电零件的工厂工作。
【短语】take part in 参加：He takes part in many school activities. 他参加学校的许多活动。/ He takes an active part in sports. 他积极参加体育活动。
【考点】part of...作主语时，谓语通常与of后的名词的数保持一致：Only part of the story is true. 这个故事只有部分情节是真实的。/ Part of the pupils are interested in English. 部分学生对英语感兴趣。
part-time adj. & adv. 兼职的(地)，部分时间的(地)：She had three part-time jobs. 她干着三份兼职工作。/ Do you work full-time or part-time? 你干全职工作还是部分时间工作?
party n. 1.[C]聚会，晚会：a birthday party 生日聚会 / an evening party 晚会 / a drinking party 酒会 / a send-off party 送别会 / tea party 茶会 / a dinner party 晚宴 / Is she coming to the party? 她会来参加晚会吗? / He wants to give a party for us before we leave for Europe. 他想要在我们去欧洲之前举行宴会。/ I've chosen some CDs for the party. 我为晚会选了几张激光唱盘。2.[C]党派：He joined the Party at the age of 25. 他25岁时入党。/ The Labour Party was in power. 工党在执政。
pass v. 1.传，递：Please pass me that dictionary. 请把那本词典递给我。2.经过，通过：Please let me pass. 请让我过去。/ Their car passed ours. 他们的车超过了我们的车。/ I hope you will pass the exam. 我希望你通过考试。/ He passed (by) the church on his way to the station. 他去车站的路上要经过教堂。3.度过(时间)，(时间)流逝：Time passed quickly. 时间过得很快。/ Where did you pass[=spend] the summer holidays? 你暑假是在哪里度过的? / We played cards to pass the evenings. 我们晚上经常打牌消磨时间。
【考点】表示“传递”，可跟双宾语；若双宾语易位，用介词to引出间接宾语：Please pass me the salt.=Please pass the salt to me. 请把盐递给我。
passenger n.[C]旅客：The streets are full of passenger. 街上行人熙攘。/ How many passengers are there on the bus? 公共汽车上有多少乘客? / The steamer can carry 2500 passengers.这条船可以载2500名乘客。/ All passengers are required to show their tickets. 所有乘客都要求出示车票。
past adj.1.过去的，刚过去的：Don't worry about past mistakes. 不要担心过去的错误。/ I've been ill for the past three weeks. 我三周来一直在生病。2.完了的，结束的：The danger was past. 危险已经过去。/ Winter is past. 冬天结束了。adv. 过去，经过：We couldn’t get on the bus because it drove past. 我们搭不上汽车了，因为它开过去了。n.[U]过去，昔日，往事：In the past, he wrote with a pen; now he uses a computer. 过去他用笔写作，现在用电脑。prep. 过…，走过(某处)：It’s past midnight now. 现在已过了午夜。/ It’s seven minutes past three. 现在是三点零七分。/ He walked past the house. 他走过那所房子。
【考点】in[for] the past five years之类的时间状语通常与现在完成时连用：He has lived here in the past ten years. 过去10年他一直住在这儿。
path n.[C]小道，小径：I looked down at the path ahead of me. 我瞧了瞧我们前面的小道。/ Keep to the path or you may get lost. 沿着小路走，否则可能会迷路。/ They walked together up the garden path. 他们一起沿着花园的小径散步。/ We walked along the path across the field. 我们沿着穿越田野的小路走去。
【辨析】path, road与way，见road。
patience n.[U]容忍，耐心：She was soon out of patience. 很快她失去了耐心。/ What you need is more patience. 你需要的是更大的耐心。/ Have patience; the bus will come soon. 耐心点，公共汽车快来了。
patient n.[C]病人：The doctor visited her patients in the hospital. 医生查看了她的住院病人。/ When the doctor arrived the patient had died. 医生到时病人已死了。/ The patient was operated on yesterday. 病人昨天动的手术。adj. 忍耐的，容忍的：Be patient! 耐心点儿! / You should learn to be patient. 你应学会有耐心。
pause n.[C]中止，暂停，停止：He made a pause and then went on reading. 他顿了一下，随后又继续往下念。/ There was a pause in the talk when Mary came in. 玛丽进来时，谈话停顿了一下。vi.暂停，停顿：The speaker paused for breath. 演说者停下来喘口气。/ Pause before you cross the road. 过马路之前要先停步。/ He paused at the door and looked at her. 她在门口停了停，望了望她。
pay v.付钱，给…报酬：I haven't paid the doctor yet. 我还没有付钱给医生。 / He paid the money last week. 上星期他把钱付了。/ He paid her the money yesterday.=He paid the money to her yesterday. 昨天他把钱付给她了。/ How much did you pay for that book? 你买那本书花了多少钱? / She is very well paid. 她薪金优厚。n.[U]工资：It’s a dirty job but the pay is good. 这是一份肮脏的工作，但工资不错。/ How much pay do you get? 你的工资是多少?
P.C. (=personal computer) n.[C]个人电脑：I have a PC at home and one at the office. 我在家和办公室各有一台电脑。
P.E. (=physical education) n.[U]体育：I like to have PE lessons. 我喜欢上体育课。
pea n.[C]豌豆：green peas 青豌豆
peace n.[U,C]和平，平静：After the last war, the country returned to peace.上次战争以后，这个国家恢复了和平。/ War began again after six years of peace. 六年和平之后战争又爆发了。
【用法】通常为不可数名词，但若表示一种和平或一段和平的时间，可连用不定冠词： After a brief peace, war broke out again. 在短暂的和平之后, 战争又爆发了。/ a peace of 50 years长达50年的和平时期
pear n.[C]梨子，梨树：She is very fond of pears. 她非常喜欢吃梨。/ He gave them a pear each. 他给他们每个人一只梨。
pen n.[C]钢笔，笔：Is this pen yours? 这钢笔是你的? / He bought me a new pen. 他给我买了一支新钢笔。/ I've lost my pen. 我的钢笔弄丢了。
【用法】短语in pen的意思是“用钢笔(写)”，其中不用冠词，它也可说成in ink。
pencil n.[C]铅笔：This is my pencil. 这是我的铅笔。/ I need a new pencil. 我需要一支新铅笔。
【短语】in pencil 用铅笔写：Write in pencil, not in ink. 用铅笔写，不要用墨水笔。
pencil-box n.[C]铅笔盒：This is Tom's pencil-box. 这是汤姆的铅笔盒。/ It's in my pencil-box. 它在我的铅笔盒里。
penguin n.[C]企鹅：Penguins can swim but can't fly. 企鹅会游泳但不会飞。
pen-friend n.[C]笔友：She has some pen-friends in America. 她有些在美国的笔友。
penny n.[C]便士：There are four pennies on the table. 桌上有四个便士。/ This book costs twenty-nine and a half pence. 这本书花了29便士半。
【考点】有pennies和pence两种复数形式：前者主要用来指一便士的硬币数，后者主要用于数词后构成复合词或用来谈论钱的价值：Give me five pennies for this five-pence. 请把这个5便士硬币换成5枚1便士硬币。/ It only costs a few pence. 它只值几分钱。
【背景】one pound(1英镑)=100 pence(100便士)。
people n. 1.[C]人，人们：I saw many people at the dance. 我在舞会上看到很多人。/ The streets were crowed with people. 大街上挤满了人。/ I know none of the people at the party. 晚会上的人我一个也不认识。2.[C]民族：the oppressed peoples被压迫民族 / the Hui people 回族 3.(连用the)人民：We study for the people. 我们为人民而学习。/ Victory certainly belongs to the people. 胜利一定属于人民。
【考点】1.表示“人”或“人们”，只用单数形式，但表示复数意义；作主语时谓语用复数：People are not interested in such things. 人们对那样的事不感兴趣。2.表示“一个人”时，不能用one people，可根据情况改用one person, one man, one woman, one boy 等。3.表示“民族”时，为可数名词，其前可用不定冠词，也可有复数形式：The Chinese are a hard-working people. 中国人是一个勤劳的民族。/ The peoples of the world are against it. 世界各国人民都反对它。
pepper n.[U]胡椒粉：Do you need pepper and salt? 你要胡椒和盐吗？/ You always find salt and pepper on a restaurant table. 饭店的桌上总摆着盐和胡椒。
per prep. 每，每一：About 40 per cent of the students are girls. 约有百分之四十的学生是女生。/ The fruit costs 30 pence per kilo. 水果每公斤30便士。/ How much do you need per week? 你每周需要多少钱？
percent n.[C]百分之…：Ten percent of the papers were written in English. 百分之十的论文是用英语写的。/ More than 40 percent of the students wear glasses. 40%以上的学生戴眼镜。/ What percent of the students wear glasses? 戴眼镜的学生占多少比例?
【考点】1.其符号形式为%：45 percent=45%。2.其单数与复数同形，如可说 80 percent，但不说80 percents。3.用作主语时，其谓语的数与of后的名词或代词的数保持一致：Forty percent of it is gone. 其中的40%不见了。/ 35 percent of the doctors are women.百分之三十五的医生是女性。
perfect adj.完美的，极好的：Nobody is perfect. 没有人是完美的。/ Her English is perfect. 她的英语很棒。/ He speaks perfect English. 他英语说得很好。/ I'll try harder to make my work perfect. 我将更加努力把工作做好。
【考点】因本身已含有“极端”和“最”的意义，所以通常不用于比较等级，也不受副词very的修饰。
performance n.[C]演出，表演：The pianist gave a fine performance. 钢琴家演奏得很出色。/ The performance of the play last two hours. 这场演出持续了两个小时。/ How did you like their performance? 你觉得他们的表演如何?
perhaps adv.可能，也许：Perhaps he isn’t coming. 也许他不来了。/ Perhaps he will marry her. 也许他会娶她。/ Perhaps I'll see him tomorrow, but I'm not sure. 也许我明天会见到他，但我没有把握。/ You'd better go now, perhaps. 也许你最好现在去。/ This is perhaps the best dish in this restaurant. 这也许是这个餐馆最好的菜。
permit v.许可，允许：I will permit him to do so. 我准备同意他这样做。/ Food and drink are not permitted in this building. 在本建筑内不准饮食。/ Smoking is not permitted here. 此处不准吸烟。n.[C]许可证，执照：You must get a permit if you want to keep a gun. 如果你想持有一支枪，你必须弄一张许可证。
【考点】用作动词时，其后可接动名词或不定式的复合结构作宾语，但不能直接跟不定式作宾语，如可说We do not permit smoking here(我们不准在此吸烟)，We do not permit people to smoke here.(我们不准人们在此吸烟)，但不能说We do not permit to smoke here.
person n.[C]人：She's a nice person. 她是个好人。/ She is the best person for the job. 她是做这工作最合适的人选。/ You're looking a different person. 你看起来像换了一个人。
【考点】是可数名词，但其复数形式persons通常用people代之：You are just the person I wanted to see. 你正是我要见的人。/There was only one person there. 那儿只有1个人。/ There were many people there. 那儿有许多人。
personal adj. 个人的，私人的：He is a personal friend of mine. 他是我的一个私人朋友。/ This letter is personal, and I don’t want anyone else to read it. 这是封私人信，我不想叫任何其他人看。/ The car is for your personal use only. 这辆车只供你个人使用。
pet n.[C]宠物：Dogs are very popular as pets. 狗是很受欢迎的宠物。/ She has two cats as pets. 她养了两只猫，把它们当做宠物。
phone v.打电话：Did anybody phone? 有人打电话了吗? / I phoned my friend this morning. 我今早给朋友打了电话。n. 1.[U]电话：Will you answer the phone? 你去接电话好吗? / Who's on the phone? 谁来的电话? / / You are wanted on the phone. 有人叫你听电话。2.[C]电话机：I bought a new phone. 我买了部新电话机。
photo n.[C]照片：She had her photo taken. 她去照相了。/ I took some photos of my children. 我给孩子们照了几张像。/ Look at these photos.看看这些照片吧。/ Have you seen her photo in the newspaper? 你见到报纸上她的照片了吗?
【考点】1.比较：a photo of Mr. Smith 史密斯先生的照片 / a photo of Mr. Smith's 史密斯先生收藏的一张照片 2.比较：I shall take my photo. 我将给自己拍一张照片(指我自己给自己拍照)。/ I shall have my photo taken. 我将请人给我拍一张照片(指我请别人给我自己拍照)。
physics n.[C]物理(学)：I'm not good at physics. 我的物理学得不好。/ Some of us are interested in physics. 我们有些人对物理有兴趣。/ Physics studies mechanics, heat, light, sound, and electricity. 物理研究力学、热学、光学、声学和电学。/ Mr. Smith teaches physics in our school. 史密斯先生在我校教物理。
piano n.[C,U]钢琴：He has two pianos.他有两部钢琴。/ A little piano stood against the wall. 一台小钢琴靠墙立着。/ She plays the piano very well. 她钢琴弹得好。/ She studies the piano under Mr. Smith. 她在史密斯先生的指导下学习钢琴。/ I can't play the piano, but I can play the guitar. 我不会弹钢琴，但会弹吉他。
【考点】若指钢琴这种具体的物体，是可数名词；若指钢琴演奏、钢琴理论、钢琴技巧等较为抽象的意义，则为不可数名词，其前一般用定冠词。
pick v. 1.拾起：I picked up your bag by mistake. 我错拿了你的包。/ She picked up a wallet in the street. 她在街上捡到一个钱包。2.采集：The girl was picking wild flowers. 那女孩正在采野花。/ He picked an apple from the tree. 他从树上摘下一个苹果。3.挑选：I picked a book to read. 我选了一本书读。/ We picked a good day to go to the beach. 我们选了一个好日子到海边去。
picnic n.[C]野餐：We are on a picnic now. 我们现在正在野餐。/ We had a picnic on the beach. 我们在海滩野餐。/ We went for[on] a picnic in the park. 我们到公园里野餐去了。v.野餐：We picnicked by the river. 我们在河边搞了一次野餐。
picture n.[C]图片，照片：Look at this picture. 看看这张图片。/ Kate takes a picture of Jane. 凯特为简照相。/ Draw a picture of the building. 给这座房子画张画。/ Jim painted a picture of a flower. 吉姆画了一朵花的图画。
pie n.[C,U]馅饼：fruit pies 水果馅饼 / a piece of apple pie. 一块苹果馅饼 / This is an apple pie. 这是一个苹果馅饼。/ Have some more pie. 再吃点馅饼吧。/ We picked apples so as to make a pie. 我们摘苹果为了做馅饼。
【考点】若指烘烤出的一整块馅饼，为可数名词；若被视为物质名词，则为不可数名词。
piece n.[C]一块(片，张，件…)：This is a piece of bread. 这是一块面包。/ Pass me a piece of chalk. 递支粉笔给我。/ Here are two pieces of advice. 这是两条建议。/ Would you like another piece of cake? 你要再吃一块蛋糕吗？/ I'd like a piece of chocolate. 我想要吃块巧克力。/ The teacher wrote on the blackboard with a piece of chalk. 老师用一支粉笔在黑板上写字。
【考点】用于a piece of之类的名词通常是bread, chalk, paper, wood, glass, coal 等非液体性的物质名词，或news, advice, work, information, music 等抽象名词。
pig n.[C]猪：The farmer raises twenty pigs. 那农民养了20 头猪。/ A big, fat pig can not run fast. 又大又肥的猪肯定跑不快。
pile n.1.[C]堆：His clothes lay in a pile on the floor. 他的衣服堆在地上。/ We put the newspapers in piles on the floor. 我们将报纸一堆堆地放在地板上。v.堆放：He piled his books on his desk. 他把书堆放在书桌上。/ He piled food on to his plate. 他把食物堆放在自己的盘子上。/ He piled the boxes one on top of the other./He piled the boxes on top of each other. 他把盒子一个叠一个地堆起来。
pill n.[C]药丸，药片：Come on, get the pill down.来，把药片吞下去。/ Take the pills three times a day after meals. 这些药丸每天吃三次饭后吃。/ Remind me to take the pills tomorrow. 明天记得提醒我吃药。
ping-pong n.[U]乒乓球：Do you like to play ping-pong? 你喜欢打乒乓球吗? / We had a game of ping-pong. 我们进行了乒乓球比赛。/ Ping-pong is a very fast game. 乒乓球是一项动作很快的运动。
pink adj.粉红色的：A rose is pink. 玫瑰是粉红色的。/ Baby girls are often dressed in pink clothes. 女婴常常穿粉红色的衣服。
pioneer n.[C]先锋，开拓者：They are young pioneers. 他们是少先队员。/ His grandfather was one of the pioneers of flying.他的外祖父是飞行的先驱者之一。/ Soon the brothers felt like pioneers. 不久两兄弟感到自己是开拓者。
pity n.[U]怜悯，同情：He married her out of pity. 他出于同情与她结了婚。/ I feel no pity for you at all. 我一点也不同情你。/He was full of pity for the poor. 他很同情穷人。/ Do have pity on me. 千万要可怜可怜我。2.[C]可惜的事，遗憾的事：It's a pity (that) he can't swim. 真遗憾，他不会游泳。/ What a pity you can't come to the party. 你不能来参加晚会，真遗憾。
pizza n.[C,U]意大利饼
place n.1.[C]地方，地点：He has been to many places. 他去过很多地方。/ He has no place to live (in). 他没有地方住。/ I can't be in two places at once. 我不能同时在两个地方。/ What is this place called? 这是什么地方？2.[C]住所：Come round to my place this evening. 今晚请到我家来。/ We ate supper at his place. 我们在他家吃了晚饭。3.[C]座位：Go back to your place. 回到你的位子上去。/ There are no places left to sit on the train. 火车上没有座位可坐了。4.[C]空地：Here is an empty place, put the box here. 这里有个空地方，把箱子放在这里吧。v.放，安置：She placed a book on the table. 她把一本书放在桌子上。/ The waiter placed the meal in front of me.服务员把饭菜放在我的面前。
plan n.[C]计划，打算：Have you got any plans for the weekend? 这周末你有什么计划没有？/ What are your holiday plans? 假日你有什么计划？/ He doesn't like my plan to go there alone. 他不赞成我一个人去。v.计划，打算：They planned a big meeting to be held next year. 他们计划明年召开一次大会。/ You should plan carefully. 你应该谨慎地拟订计划。/ I am planning to start[on starting] next month. 我打算下个月动身。
【考点】用作名词时，有时虽然用了复数，但不一定表示多项有关：Everyone made plans for leaving Paris. 每个人都制定了离开巴黎的计划。/ He was talking about his plans for a new building. 他在谈论他想建一幢新楼的打算。
plane n.[C]飞机：The plane took off. 飞机起飞了。/ He can fly a plane. 他会驾驶飞机。/ I'm taking this magazine to read on the plane. 我要带这本杂志到飞机上去读。/ He flew the plane around the world.他驾飞机去过世界各地。
【短语】by plane 乘飞机：Are you going by plane? 你坐飞机去吗?
plant v.种植，播种：We planted some roses. 我们栽种了些玫瑰。/ Farmers planted wheat and corn this spring. 今年春天农民们种小麦和玉米。/ April is the time to plant. 4月是种植的时候。n.[C]植物：All plants need water and light. 植物都需要水和阳光。/ Rain and sun can help plants to grow. 雨水和太阳有助于植物成长。
【用法】用作动词表示“种植”时，其宾语除可以是被种植的东西外，也可以是种植的地方： We are planting a small garden. 我们在一个小花园里种花。/ We planted the garden with flowers.=We planted flowers in the garden. 我们在花园里种花。
plastic adj.塑料的：I need a plastic bag. 我需要一个塑料袋。/ He bought a plastic raincoat. 他买了一件塑料雨衣。/ We ate with plastic forks and spoons. 我们用塑料叉勺吃饭。n.[C,U]塑料：Some toys are made of plastic. 有些玩具是用塑料做的。/ The plastics industry is growing fast. 塑料工业发展很快。
【考点】用作名词时，可用作可数或不可数名词；可数时，通常用复数：Plastic is[Plastics are] sometimes use instead of wood and metal. 塑料有时被用来代替木材和金属。
plate n.[C]盘子，碟子：The waitress took our plates away. 女招待把我们的盘子收走。/ Put the cake on a plate. 把蛋糕放在碟子上。/ The plate was too hot to touch. 盘子太烫不能碰。/ He brought us a plate of food. 他给我们端来一盘食物。
【辨析】plate与dish：前者指相对较小的“盘子”或“碟子”，通常指点心盘(dessert plate) , 汤盘(soup plate)，餐盘(dinner plate)等；后者主要指西餐中装菜供一桌人一起享用的“大盘子”。按照吃西餐的习惯：就餐者不宜直接从dish里取菜送入口中，而应先从dish里取菜放在自己身旁的供个人装菜的plate里，然后再从自己的plate里取菜送入口中。
play v. 1.玩：The children are playing in the garden. 孩子们在花园里玩。2.打(球)：Do you play tennis? 你打网球吗？3.演奏：He plays the violin very well. 他的小提琴拉得很好。4.下(棋)，打(牌)：We often play chess together. 我们常常一道下棋。5.播放：I didn’t notice the song that was playing. 我没有注意正在播放的歌曲。n. 1.[U]玩耍：Children are at play in the park. 孩子们正在公园里玩耍。/ Is it time for play? 该玩了吗？2.[C]戏剧：Would you like to see a play while you are in London? 你在伦敦时想去看戏吗？/ Let’s go to the play. 我们去看戏吧。
【考点】1.表示玩，通常只用于儿童或动物，注意不要滥用play来翻译汉语的“玩”，如“有空请到我家玩”不宜译为Please come to my house and play when you have time，可改译为Please come and[to] see me when[if] you have time. 2.表示“弹”、“拉”、“演奏”，后接乐器名词时要用the；但表示打球、打牌、下棋等，其后接的球类运动名词、牌类或棋类名词前通常不用冠词。
player n.[C]比赛者，选手：He was one of the best players in the school. 他是学校最佳网球运动员之一。/ I'm a better player than him. 我比他玩得高明。
playground n.[C]操场，运动场：We’d better go to the playground. 我们最好到运动场去。/ They played on the playground. 他们在操场上玩。/ The children were all in the playground. 孩子们都在操场上。
【考点】表示在运动场或在操场，其前可用介词in或on。
playhouse n.[C]儿童游戏房
pleasant adj.令人愉快的，招人喜欢的，舒适的：We had a pleasant evening at her house. 我们在她家过了一个愉快的晚上。/ The weather was very pleasant. 天气十分宜人。/ The party was very pleasant. 这次聚会非常愉快。/ It is a pleasant surprise. 那是个惊喜。/ Our English teacher is a pleasant young man. 我们的英语老师是位和蔼可亲的年轻人。/ She is not very beautiful but very pleasant. 她不很漂亮，但很讨人喜欢。
【考点】指令人愉快或使人快乐，不表示感到愉快或快乐。
please interj. 请：Will you give me an apple, please? 请给我一个苹果好吗？/ A cup of tea, please. 请来一杯茶。/ Please bring your book to me. 请把你的书带给我。/ Please don't laugh. 请不要笑。/ Sit down, please. 请坐。
pleased adj.高兴的：The children were very pleased. 孩子们很高兴。/ She had a pleased look on her face. 她脸上露出了满意的微笑。/ I'm very pleased at[about, with]your success. 我对你的成功感到满意。/ He was pleased to see her again. 又见到她，他很高兴。/ I was pleased that you could come to the party. 我很高兴你能来参加晚会。
【考点】与pleasant不同，pleased表示感到愉快或高兴，不指令人愉快或使人高兴。比较：He was pleased. 他很高兴。/ He was pleasant. 他讨人喜欢。
pleasure n.[U]高兴，愉快：It gives me great pleasure to introduce our next speaker. 我很高兴向大家介绍下一位演讲者。/ He can find pleasure in just watching TV. 他只要看电视就满足了。/ It gave me great pleasure to watch them. 观看它们使我很高兴。2.令人高兴的事：Your visit will be a pleasure. 你的来访是件令人高兴的事。/ It is a pleasure to work with you. 和你一道工作是很愉快的事。
【考点】其后一般不接不定式作定语，要接可用“of+动名词”：May I have the pleasure of dancing with you? 我可以和你跳舞吗? 但是，像下面这的句子，其后的不定式不是定语而是主语(注意句首的形式主语)：It's a pleasure to teach children. 教小孩是件乐事。
【用法】在口语中用于 It's a pleasure. / My pleasure. / A pleasure. / It was my pleasure. / Pleasure was all mine.等，可用于回答感谢，意为“这是我高兴做的事”、“别客气”、“不用谢”。
plenty pron. 充足，大量：I have plenty to do. 我有许多事要做。/ "Would you like some more?" "No, thank you. I've had plenty. “再吃点好吗?”“谢谢，不要了，我已经吃得很多了。”/ "How many eggs are there in the fridge?" "There are plenty." “冰箱里有多少鸡蛋?”“有很多。”
【短语】plenty of 许多，大量：There is plenty of time. 时间很充足。/ She has plenty of clothes to wear. 她有足够的衣服穿。/ Plenty of people have come. 来了许多人。
【用法】1. plenty of后可接可数或不可数名词；用作主语时，谓语与其后名词的数保持一致：2.通常用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑问句中常用enough, much, many等代之，比较：There is plenty of time. 时间还很多。/ There isn't much time. 时间不多了。/ Is there enough time? 时间还够吗?
plus prep. 加，加上：Three plus five equals eight. 三加五等于八。/ This work needs experience plus care. 这件工作需要经验和细心。
p. m. / pm n.下午，午后：the 5 p.m. train from London 从伦敦开来的下午5点的列车 / Open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. (营业时间)从上午8点到下午6点 / The plane leaves at 5:45 pm. 飞机下午5点45分起飞。/ He will arrive at 3.00 p.m. 他将于下午3点到达。
【考点】1.意义相当于in the afternoon，所以不能与in the afternoon连用，如不说at 6 p.m. in the afternoon。2.不单独使用，要与表示时间的数字连用(置于数字之后)。3.不能与o'clock连用，如不说at 4 o'clock p.m.
pocket n.[C]口袋：She put the key in her pocket. 她把钥匙放到口袋里。/ I have a handkerchief in my pocket. 我口袋里有块手帕。/ He always walks with his hands in his trousers pockets. 他走路时经常把手插在裤袋里。
【用法】1.有时放在名词前定语，可表示“小型的”、“袖珍的”：a pocket dictionary 袖珍字典 / a pocket radio 袖珍收音机 2. pocket money是常用表达，意思是“零用钱”。
poem n.[C]诗：Do you like to read poems? 你喜欢读诗吗? / How do you like these two poems? 你觉得这两首诗怎么样? / He wrote a poem about war. 他写了一首关于战争的诗。
poet n.[C]诗人：A poet writes poems. 诗人写诗。/ Keats is a famous poet. 济慈是位著名的诗人。/ He is one of the best read poets. 他是最受读者欢迎的诗人之一。
poetry n.[U](总称)诗”：How do you like his poetry? 你觉得他的诗如何? / Wordsworth wrote beautiful poetry. 华兹华斯写了优美的诗歌。
【用法】要表示 “一首诗”，不能用a poetry，可用a piece of poetry，或用a poem。类似地：two poems / two pieces of poetry 两首诗 / some poems / some poetry / some pieces of poetry 一些诗。
point n.1.[C]尖(端)，末端：the point of a nail 钉尖2.[C]点，小数点：Read 4.7 as four point seven. 4.7读作四点七。3.[C]场所，地点：Stop at this point.停在此地。/ Do you see this point on the map? 你能看到地图上这一点吗? 4.(比赛等的)分数，得分：We won by 5 points. 我们赢了5分。/ He got 85 points out of a possible 100. 他得了85分，满分是100。v. 1.指向，使对准：He pointed at the door. 他用手指门。/ Don't point your finger at me. 不要用手指着我。/ He pointed his gun at the tiger. 他把枪口对准老虎。2.指着，朝向：The building points (to the) east. 这座大楼面朝东。3.指出：He pointed out my mistake. 他指出了我的错误。/ Can you point out the church in the picture? 你能指出图画中的教堂吗?
police n.警察：The thief has been caught by the police. 窃贼已被警方抓获。/ There were over 100 police on duty. 有超过百名警察值班。/ In Britain police do not carry guns. 在英国警察不带枪。/ The police got the truth out of her. 警察迫使她说出真相。
【考点】1.表示“警察”的总称，往往含有“警方”、“警察当局”之意，其前通常用 the(有时也可不用the)，形式上是单数，但含义上为复数；用作主语时，谓语用复数：The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。2.表示“一个警察”时不能用它，即不说a[one] police，而应根据情况用 a policeman / a policewoman；但表示多个警察时，可用它，如80 police，several hundred police等。
policeman n. 警察，巡警：His brother is a people’s policeman. 他兄弟是一名人民警察。/ I’ve come for the policeman. 我是来找警察的。
policewoman n. 女警察：Policemen and policewomen work at a police station. 男女警员在警察局工作。
polite adj.有礼貌的：He was kind and polite. 他和蔼有礼。/ Be more polite to ladies. 对女士要更有礼貌。/ He is polite to his parents. 他对他父母很有礼貌。/ It's polite of him to do so.= He is polite to do so. 他那样做很有礼貌。/ Don't answer back; it's not polite. 别顶嘴，这样不礼貌。
politely adv.有礼貌地：He stood up politely when the lady entered the room. 当那位女士进屋时，他很有礼貌地站了起来。
pollute vt.污染：polluted rivers被污染的河流 / It will pollute the air. 它会污染空气。
polyester n.[U]聚酯，聚酯纤维：He was wearing a polyester shirt. 他穿着一件聚酯纤维衬衫。/ Polyester is easy to watch. 聚酯纤维容易洗。
pool n.[C]水塘，水池：There are trees round the pool. 水池的四周种有树。/ Let's go to the swimming pool to have a swim. 咱们到游泳池去游一会儿泳。
poor adj. 1.贫穷的：They were very poor. 他们很穷。/ Poor people can't buy it. 穷人买不起它。2.可怜的：That poor man has no friends. 那可怜的人没有朋友。/ Poor fellow! 可怜的家伙！/ The poor boy was myself. 那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。3.不好的，差的：My English is poor. 我的英语(水平)很差。/ He is in poor health. 他身体不好。
【用法】1.表示“贫穷”时，可用作表语或定语，也可有比较等级变化；表示“可怜”时，通常只用作定语，不用作表语，且一般没有比较等级变化。2.与定冠词连用表示“穷人”，具有复数意义：The rich ought to help the poor. 富人应该帮助穷人。
popular adj.1.流行的：Young people like popular music. 年轻人喜欢流行音乐。/ Both of them like popular songs. 他们两人都喜欢流行歌曲。2.大众的，通俗的：He is interested in popular science. 他对通俗科学很有兴趣。3.受欢迎的：She is very popular with her classmates. 她的同学都很喜欢她。/ He is popular in the university. 他在大学里很受欢迎。/ This food is very popular here. 这种食品在这儿很受欢迎。
【考点】要表示受某人欢迎或讨某人喜欢，其后通常用介词with，有时也可用among：The teacher is very popular with[among] his students.这位老师很受学生欢迎。
population n.[U,C]人口，人数：What's the population of London? 伦敦的人口是多少? / The population of this city is eight million. 本市人口是800 万。/ The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Wuhan. 上海人口比武汉人口多。/ Half the world's population doesn't get enough to eat. 世界有一半人口没有足够的食物吃。/ One third of the population here are workers. 这里三分之一的人口是工人。
【用法】1.其前不能用数词修饰，也不能与many, few之类的词连用，但可与large, small连用。2.要表示“某地拥有多少人口”，一般用“have a population of+基数词”这样的结构；要打听某地的人口数，一般用 How large[What] is the population of+地点? 3.表示“人口”是集合名词：若指某一国家或地区的人口总数，表示单数意义，如：What is the population of Japan?(日本有多少人口)；若指某一国家或地区的所有人，既可表示单数意义(视为整体)也可表示复数意义(考虑其个体)，如：The local population support(s) birth control. 本地人赞成节育。
pork n.[U]猪肉：roast pork 烤猪肉 / smoked pork 熏猪肉 / salt pork 咸猪肉 / Can I have another piece of pork? 我可不可以再吃一片猪肉? / I enjoy roast pork for dinner. 晚饭我喜欢吃烤猪肉。
porridge n.[U]稀饭，粥：She sat down to eat her porridge. 她坐下来吃她的粥。
possible adj. 可能的：Please come as soon as possible. 请尽快来。/ Is it possible to get to the city by train? 有可能坐火车进城吗？/ I’ll help you if (it is) possible. 如果可能我会帮助你。/ It's possible that he will[may] marry her. 他同她结婚是可能的。
【考点】按英语习惯，可说It is possible that we will win the match或It is possible for us to win the match(我们可能会赢得这场比赛)，但不能说We are possible to win the match。
【辨析】possible与probable：后者表示的可能性比前者更大。如：Success is possible, but hardly probable. 成功是可能的，但把握不是很大。/ Snow is possible, though not probable. 下雪是可能的，虽然不是很可能。
possibly adv.可能，也许：I got here as soon as I possibly could. 我以最快速度赶到这里。/ He may possibly come. 他也许会来。/ You may possibly get a new job. 你或许能找到一份新的工作。/ Possibly you are right. 也许你是对的。/ What he says is true, possibly. 他说的话可能是真的。(www.yywords.com)
【辨析】possibly 与 probably：后者表示的可能性比前者更大。
post n.1.[U]邮政，邮寄：You can send letters by post. 你可以邮寄信件。/ Are you going to the post office? 你到邮局去吗? 2.[U]邮件：Has the post come yet? 邮件来了吗？/ Is there any post for me? 有我的邮件吗? 3.[C]工作，职位：She has a post as a cook. 她当厨师。/ I am hoping to get a better post next year. 我希望明年能得到一个更好的工作。vt.投寄，邮寄：I posted her birthday present. 我邮寄了她的生日礼物。/ I remember posting the letters. 我记得这些信是寄了的。
postal adj. 1.邮政的，邮局的：postal card 明信片 / postal savings 邮政储蓄 / Universal Postal Union 万国邮政联盟 2.邮寄的：postal course 函授课程
postbox n.[C]邮箱，信箱：Nothing is in the postbox. 信箱里什么也没有。
postcard n.[C]明信片：I’ll send you a postcard. 我将寄给你一张明信片。
postcode n.[C]邮政编码：Our postcode is 410005. 我们的邮政编码是410005。
postman n.[C]邮递员：It must be the postman. 一定是邮递员。/ Has the postman been? 邮递员来过吗？/ Our dog went at the postman. 我们的狗袭击了邮递员。
potato n.[C,U]土豆，马铃薯：He bought five kilos of potatoes. 他买了五公斤土豆。/ Mom made the potato salad. 妈做了土豆沙拉。/ They live on potatoes. 他们以吃土豆为生。/ Would you like some more roast potatoes? 再吃点烤土豆吧。
【背景】在英美等国家，potato有很多种吃法，比如有水煮的 boiled potatoes，有烘烤的roast(ed) potatoes / baked potatoes，有捣烂如泥的 mashed potato，有油炸的 fried potatoes 等等。但最有名的还是所谓的“油炸土豆片”(通常装在袋里出售)，英国英语称之为potato crisps，美国英语称之为 potato chips。
pound n. 1.[C]磅：She bought a pound of butter. 她买了一磅黄油。/ Tea is sold by the pound. 茶叶按磅出售。2.[C]英镑：He exchanged dollars for pounds in London. 她在伦敦把美元换成英镑。/ She paid two pounds or perhaps two pounds ten. 她付了2英镑或许2英镑10便士。
pour v. 1.倒，斟：She poured wine into my glass. 她往我杯子里倒酒。/ Pour the sugar into a bowl. 把糖放进碗内。/ Shall I pour you some water? 要不要我给你倒点水? 2.倾泻，不断流出：Sweat poured down from her face. 汗珠不断从她脸上流下。3.(雨)倾盆而下，下倾盆大雨：It was pouring. 下倾盆大雨。/ It was pouring with rain. 这时下着倾盆大雨。
联系客服
