◆debt n.
1. 表示具体意义的一笔欠款或债务等,是可数名词。如:
I owe him a debt of $100. 我欠他200美元。
If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left. 如果把所有的借款都还了,我就分文不剩了。
2. 表示抽象意义的欠款或债务,尤指无法偿还的债务或欠款的状态等,通常是不可数名词。如:
Out of debt, out of danger. 无债一身轻。
I was poor, but I avoided debt. 我穷是穷,但还不至于借债。
It’s much easier to get into debt than to get out of it. 借债容易还债难。
◆decide v.
1. 表示“决定做某事”,其后要接不定式,不能接动名词;若要接动名词,应先接介词 on(但不如用不定式结构常见)。如:
He decided to go abroad. /He decided on going abroad. 他决定出国。
注:decide on 之后还可接名词或代词,表示“对…作出决定”或“选定…”。如:
We have decided on Paris (=that we will go to Paris) for our next holiday. 我们已决定下次去巴黎度假。
2. 表示“决定不做某事”,可用 decide not to do 或 decide
against doing。如:
He decided not to do it. / He decided against doing it.
他决定不干这件事。
注:decide against 之后也可接名词或代词。如:
After talking the matter over, they decided against the plan. 经过反复讨论,他们决定不采用该计划。
◆defense n.
1. 表示“保卫”或“防御”,注意其后所用介词:后接入侵者或造成危害者用介词 against;若后接被保护者用介词 of。比较:
A thick coat is a good defense against the cold. 一件厚衣服足可以御寒。
People used to build strong walls round their towns as a defense against enemies. 人们从前在城镇四周修筑城墙来抵御敌人。
This fort was once the main defense of the island. 这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上的要主要防御设施。
2. 短语 in defense of, 意为“保卫……”、“为……辨护”。如:
They fought in defense of their country. 他们为保卫祖国而战。
Hundreds gave their lives in defense of freedom. 千百人为了自由献出了自己的生命。
◆defend v.
1. 表示“保卫”,通常为及物动词,其宾语就是被保卫的对象。如:
They fought to defend their country. 他们为保卫祖国而战斗。
When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick. 那狗向我扑来时,我用棍子自卫。
2. 表示“保卫……免受或抵抗……”,用介词from, against。如:
The wall was built to defend the road from being was washed away by the sea. 建这座堤是为了保护这条路不被海水冲跨。
Our duty is to defend the country against the enemies. 我们的职责是保卫祖国不受敌人侵袭。(英语语法网)
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