英语单词中由动词原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词（Irregular Verbs）。
现代英语新生成的动词都归入“-ed”的规则变化，例如：
park→parked （停车－－1864）
fax→faxed （以传真传送－－1979）
e-mail→e-mailed （以电脑网络传送－－1982）
（所附年次为最早用例出现年次－－O.E.D.）
因此，不规则动词可以说都是古英语动词的不规则变化因其常用度很高而一直沿用到今天者，所以我们今天在学习英语时绝对无法，也不可能规避这些不规则动词。
从英语的演变来看，不规则动词就是强势动词（Strong Verbs）－－即其词形变化全依其本身之语音（尤其是元音）变化来进行而不借助词尾的变化。例如：
原形： buy sing speak
过去式： bought sang spoke
过去分词： bought sung spoken
我们学习不规则动词的时候，最有效的方法就是要针对这种词形变化的现象，了解其变化的型式，发出声音背念，使其能自然地隔入我们的speaking和writing，这样才能说确实地把不规则动词学会了。
注：与强势动词相对，须借助“-ed”之词尾来进行词形变化的规则动词就叫做弱势动词（Weak Verbs）。
表格AAA型
现在式、过去式和过去分词同形，保持不变，除进行式外
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
cost cost cost 花费
cut cut cut 割，切
hit hit hit 打
put put put 放下
read # read read 读
hurt hurt hurt 受伤
let let let 让
# “Read” 的“过去式”和“过去分词”的读音和动词原型的不同。
AAB型
现在式和过去式同形
词例：
动词原型 过去式 过去分词 意思
beat beat beaten 打
ABA型
现在式和过去分词同形
词例：
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
come came come 来到
become became become 变
run ran run 跑
overcome overcame overcome 征服，打败
ABB型
过去式与过去分词同形
分为以下情形：
① 在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t。
词例：
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
burn burnt burnt 燃烧
learn learned / learnt learned / learnt 学习
mean meant meant 含义
hear heard heard 听见
② 把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”。
词例：
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借
send sent sent 传送
spend spent spent 花费
③ 其他不规则的各种变化。
词例：
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
pay paid paid 付钱 lay laid laid 下蛋
say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 战斗
think thought thought 思考 sleep slept slept 睡觉
feel felt felt 感觉 keep kept kept 保持
sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站
understand understood understood 理解 win won won 胜利
catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教
find found found 发现 get got got 得到
hold held held 握 leave left left 离开
make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见
shoot shot shot 射击 dig dug dug 挖
smell smelt / smelled smelt / smelled 嗅，闻 shine shone / shined shone / shined 发光
sit sat sat 坐下 have had had 有
ABC型
三词不同形，分为以下情形：
① 在动词原形后加-n或-en 构成过去分词 。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下
give gave given 给 take took taken 拿，记录，拍摄
see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写
ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶
throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹
grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道
show showed shown 展示 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画，抽签
② 过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
speak spoke spoken 说话
break broke broken 破碎
choose chose chosen 选择
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
freeze froze frozen 凝固
③ 把单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”变成“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词 意思
begin began begun 开始
ring rang rung 按铃
sing sang sung 唱
sink sank sunk 沉
swim swam swum 游泳
drink drank drunk 喝
序号 不定式 过去式 过去分词
1 abide abode, abided abode, abided
2 arise arose arisen
3 awake awoke awaked, awoken
4 be was been
5 bear bore borne, born
6 beat beat beaten
7 become became become
8 befall befell befallen
9 beget begot begotten
10 begin began begun
11 behold beheld beheld
12 bend bent bent
13 bereave bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft
14 beseech besought besought
15 beset beset beset
16 bet bet, betted bet, betted
17 betake betook betaken
18 bethink bethought bethought
19 bid bade, bid bidden, bid
20 bind bound bound
21 bite bit bitten, bit
22 bleed bled bled
23 blend blended, blent blended, blent
24 bless blessed, blest blessed, blest
25 blow blew blown
26 break broke broken
27 breed bred bred
28 bring brought brought
29 broadcast broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted
30 build built built
31 burn burnt, burned burnt, burned
32 burst burst burst
33 buy bought bought
34 cast cast cast
35 catch caught caught
36 chide chided, chid chided, chidden
37 choose chose chosen
38 cleave clove, cleft cloven, cleft
39 cling clung clung
40 clothe clothed, clad clothed, clad
41 come came come
42 cost cost cost
43 creep crept crept
44 crow crowed, crew crowed
45 cut cut cut
46 dare dared, durst dared
47 dea dealt dealt
48 dig dug dug
49 dive dived; (US) dove dived
50 do did done
51 draw drew drawn
52 dream dreamt, dreamed dreamt, dreamed
53 drink drank drunk
54 drive drove driven
55 dwell dwelt dwelt
56 eat ate eaten
57 fall fell fallen
58 feed fed fed
59 feel felt felt
60 fight fought fought
61 find found found
62 flee fled fled
63 fling flung flung
64 fly flew flown
65 forbear forbore forborne
66 forbid forbade, forbad forbidden
67 forecast forecast, forecasted forecast, forecasted
68 foreknow foreknew foreknown
69 foresee foresew foreseen
70 foretell foretold foretold
71 forget forgot forgotten
72 forgive forgave forgiven
73 forsake forsook forsaken
74 forswear forswore forsworn
75 freeze froze frozen
76 gainsay gainsaid gainsaid
77 get got got; (US) gotten
78 gild gilded, gilt gilded
79 gird girded, girt girded, girt
80 give gave given
81 go went gone
82 grave graved graven, graved
83 grind ground ground
84 grow grew grown
85 hamstring hamstringed, hamstrung hamstringed , hamstrung
86 hang hung, hanged hung, hanged
87 have had had
88 hear heard heard
89 heave heaved, hove hesved, hove
90 hew hewed hewed, hewn
91 hide hid hidden
92 hit hit hit
93 held held held
94 hurt hurt hurt
95 inlay inlaid inlaid
96 keep kept kept
97 kneel knelt knelt
98 knit knitted, knit knitted, knit
99 know knew known
100 lade laded laden
101 lay laid laid
102 load led led
103 lean lesnt, leaned lesnt, leaned
104 leap leapt, leaped leapt, leaped
105 learn learnt, learned learnt, learned
106 leave left left
107 lend lent lent
108 let let let
109 lie lay lain
110 light lit, lighted lit, lighted
111 lose lost lost
112 make made made
113 mean meant meant
114 meet met met
115 melt melted melted, molten
116 miscast miscast miscast
117 misdeal misdealt misdealt
118 misgive misgave misgiven
119 mislay mislaid mislaid
120 mislead misled misled
121 misspell misspelt misspelt
122 misspend misspent misspent
123 mistake mistook mistaken
124 misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood
125 mow mowed mown; (US) mowed
126 outbid outbid outbid
127 outdo outdid outdone
128 outgo outwent outgone
129 outgrow outgrew outgrown
130 outride outrode outridden
131 outrun outran outrun
132 outshine outshone outshone
133 overbear overbore overborne
134 overcast overcast overcast
135 overcome overcame overcome
136 overdo overdid overdone
137 overhang overhung overhung
138 overhear overheard overheard
139 overlay overlaid overlaid
140 overleap overleapt, overleaped overleapt, overleaped
141 overlie overlay overlain
142 override overrode overridden
143 overrun overran overun
144 oversee oversaw overseen
145 overshoot overshot overshot
146 oversleep overslept overslept
147 overtake overtook overtaken
148 overthrow overthrew overthrown
149 partake partook partaken
150 pay paid paid
151 prove proved proved, proven
152 put put put
153 quit quitted, quit quitted, quit
154 read read [red] read [red]
155 rebind rebound rebound
156 rebuild rebuilt rebuilt
157 recast recast recast
158 redo redid redone
159 relay relaid relaid
160 remake remade remade
161 rend rent rent
162 repay repaid repaid
163 rerun reran rerun
164 reset reset reset
165 retell retold retold
166 rewrite rewrote rewritten
167 rid red, redded rid, ridded
168 ride rode ridden
169 ring rang rung
170 rise rose risen
171 rive rived riven, rived
172 run ran run
173 saw sawed sawn, sawed
174 say said said
175 see saw seen
176 seek sought sought
177 sell sold sold
178 send sent sent
179 set set set
180 sew sewed sewn, sewed
181 shake shook shaken
182 shave shaved shaved, shaven
183 shear sheared sheared, shorn
184 shed shed shed
185 shine shone shone
186 shoe shod shod
187 shoot shot shot
188 show showed shown, showed
189 shrink shrank, shrunk shrunk, shrunken
190 shrive shrove, shrived shriven, shrived
191 shut shut shut
192 sing sang, sung sung
193 sink sank, sunk sunk; sunken
194 sit sat sat
195 slay slew slain
196 sleep slept slept
197 slide slid slid
198 sling slung slung
199 slink slunk slunk
200 slit slit slit
201 smell smelt; smelled smelt; smelled
202 smite smote smitten
203 sow sowed sown, sowed
204 speak spoke spoken
205 speed sped, speeded sped, speeded
206 spell spelt, spelled spelt, spelled
207 spend spent spent
208 spill spilt, spilled spilt, spilled
209 spin spun, span spun
210 spit spat, spit spat, spit
211 spoil spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled
212 spread spread spread
213 spring sprang, sprung sprung
214 stand stood stood
215 stave staved, stove staved, stove
216 steal stole stolen
217 stick stuck stuck
218 sting stung stung
219 stink stank, stunk stunk
220 strew strewed strewn, strewed
221 stride strode stridden, strid
222 strike struck struck, stricken
223 string strung strung
224 strive strove striven
225 swear swore sworn
226 sweep swept swept
227 swell swelled swollen, swelled
228 swim swam swum
229 swing swung swung
230 take took taken
231 teach taught taught
232 tear tore torn
233 tell told told
234 think thought thought
235 thrive throve, thrived thriven, thrived
236 throw threw thrown
237 thrust thrust thrust
238 tread trod trodden, trod
239 unbend unbent unbent
240 unbind unbound unbound
241 underbid underbid underbid, underbidden
242 undergo underwent undergone
243 understand understood understood
244 undertake undertook undertaken
245 undo undid undone
246 upset upset upset
247 wake woke, waked woken, waked
248 waylay waylaid waylaid
249 wear wore worn
250 weave wove woven
251 weep wept wept
252 win won won
253 wind wound wound
254 withdraw withdrew withdrawn
255 withhold withheld withheld
256 withstand withstood withstood
257 work worked, wrought worked, wrought
258 wring wrung wrung
259 write wrote written
（1）原形、过去式、过去分词相同（A-A-A型）：
cast/cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/broadcast/burst/read/red/set/shut/spread/thrust/upset
（2）原形、过去式相同，过去分词不同（A-A-B型）：
beat/beat/beaten
（3）原形、过去分词相同，过去式不同（A-B-A型）：
come/came/come become/became/become
run/ran/run overcome/overcame/overcome
（4）原形不同，过去式，过去分词相同(A-B-B)：
1.在动词原形后加一个辅动词d或t构成过去式或过去分词。
2.把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。
3.其他
feel/felt/felt sleep/slept/slept
leave/left/left smell/smelt/smelt
keep/kept/kept creep/crept/crept
kneel/knelt/knelt sweep/swept/swept
spell/spelt/spelt weep/wept/wept
catch/caught/caught fight/fought/fought
teach/taught/taught think/thought/thought
stand/stood/stood lay/laid/laid
understand/understood/understood pay/paid/paid
bleed/bled/bled say/said/said
feed/fed/fed stick/stuck/stuck
lead/led/led strike/struck/struck
meet/met/met tell/told/told
learn/learnt/learnt sell/sold/sold
learn/learned/learned win/won/won
burn/burnt/burnt wind/wound/wound
burn/burned/burned have（has）/had/had
deal/dealt/dealt hear/heard/heard
mean/meant/meant lean/leant/leant
dream/dreamt/dreamt lean/ leaned/leaned
bend/bent/bent shine/shone/shone
build/built/built shoot/shot/shot
lend/lent/lent show/showed/shown，
spend/spent/spent show/showed//showed
flee/fled/fled sit/sat/sat
speed/sped/sped lose/lost/lost
speed/speeded/speeded dig/dug/dug
spit/spit/spit hold/held/held
spit/spat/spat get/got/got（AmE gotten）
bring/brought/brought find/found/found
light/lit/lit make/made/made
light/lighted/lighted buy/bought/bought
（5）现在式，过去式，过去分词都不同（A-B-C型）：
1.在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。
2.过去式家-n或-en构成过去分词。
3.变单词在重读音节中的的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）“u”（过去分词）。
drive/drove/driven blow/blew/blown
rise/rose/risen fly/flew/flown
wake woke/woken grow/grew/grown
do/did/done know/knew/known
go/went/gone throw/threw/thrown
see/saw/seen prove/proved/proven
eat/ate/eaten break/broke/broken
fall/fell/fallen choose/chose/chosen
give/gave/given freeze/froze/frozen
shake/shook/shaken speak/spoke/spoken
take/took/taken steal/stole/stolen
mistake/mistook/mistaken weave/wove/woven
forbid/forbad/forbidden begin/began/begun
forget/forgot/forgotten drink/drank/drunk
ride/rode/ridden ring/rang/rung
hide/hid/hidden sing/sang/sung
write/wrote/written sink/sank/sunk
wear/wore/worn swim/swam/swum
（6）相同动词因其过去式、过去分词有两形式而产生不同词义：
speed过去式、过去分词有两种：
sped/sped快行 speeded/speeded加速
light过去式，过去分词有两种：
lit/lit点着（表语） lighted/lighted供电，点燃的（定语）
shine过去式、过去分词有两种：
shone/shone/照耀 shined/shined擦亮
hang过去式、过去分词有两种：
hung/hung悬挂 hanged/hanged绞死
（7）drunken，stricken，sunken已转为形容词常作定语
a～ sot酒鬼 in a～manner摇摇晃晃地
（8）lie躺卧lay/lain/lying（现在分词）
lie撒谎 lied/lied/lying
lay放，下蛋laid/laid/laying
（9）come，become，overcome属不规则变化，但welcome属规则动词，其过去式、过去分词为：welcomed，welcomed
（10）fly，blow不是规则变化，但flow（流）是规则变化，过去式、过去分词为flowed，flowed.
（11） find发现 found found
found创建 founded founded
wind绕 wound wound
wound伤害 wounded wounded
see看见 saw seen
saw锯 sawed sawed
bear作“出生”， 过去分词有两种：born，borne，
borne用于have之后及带有by的被动句中；
born用于be born in/on/at中。
作“出生”，以外意义，其形式为bear/bore/borne忍受。
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