一髻佛母（Ekajati） —— 每周一译（“数据唐卡”）
译 文
一髻佛母（Ekajati，藏文：ral chig ma），宁玛派“伏藏”的主要护法。
在这幅唐卡中，一髻佛母被绘制成了黑色，只有一只眼睛(位于正中)、一只乳房、一颗白色的长牙，咬住下唇。黄色的头发向上飘飞，如同火焰一般，在末梢缠绕成厂根独辫。右手上举，结威慑印，食指上举，射出一匹狼；狼嚎象征夜晚，她所象征的月食能量也同样如此；她手中挥舞着尸棒，象征那些知道如何正确运用月食能量，轻松地在一世即修成证果的人；左手持暗红色人心，举至嘴边，象征她可以从震慑普通人的力量中获取滋养。在这幅唐卡中，她的手和手捧的心脏遮住了她的独乳。
唐卡中，一髻佛母戴着一顶由五朵花和三个骷髅组成的帽冠，一条烟雾状的披肩环绕在脖子上，耳朵和四肢都佩戴着耳环、手镯、臂环和脚镯，而一张虎皮包裹在腰间。整个本尊完全被烟雾和火焰包围，右腿以舞蹈姿势升起，她左脚踏着一个俯卧的人身，站在一个三角形的宝座之上，宝座装饰着九个人头骨。
一髻佛母（Ekajati）是藏传佛教的旧译（Nyingma）和新译（Sakya，Kagyu，Gelug）派的主要女性护法。在宁玛派中，她是“伏藏”的主要护法，以多种仪轨示现，通常只有一只眼睛和一颗牙齿。而来自晋美林巴（JigmeLingpa）的龙钦宁提（Longchen Nyintig）传承中，一髻佛母又以独腿，红色身示现。一髻佛母的不同仪轨都可以在宁玛派的各“伏藏”文本中找到。
—— 每周一译（“数据唐卡”）" title="一髻佛母（Ekajati） —— 每周一译（“数据唐卡”）" style="max-width: 650px;">晋美林巴（Jigme Lingpa）
在新译派中，一髻佛母是吉祥天母（Shri DeviPaldenLhamo）的母亲，她有一个更典型的仪轨，一面，呈寂忿相，三只眼睛，和两个乳房和一个发辫[梵文: eka，一；jati，辫子(头发)]。她在来自印度的各种大黑天（Mahakala）密续文献(属无上瑜伽部)中被发现。一髻佛母在事部（kriya）密续文本中也有发现，更常见的是作为度母（Tara）的眷属出现，她经常被认为是站在左边的一个，而颦眉佛母（Brikuti）站在右边。
附上几件自藏唐卡白描粉本仅供参考：
issland 译自 himalayanart.org
2017/9/15
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原文参考
Ekajati (Tibetan: ral chig ma. English: One Braid of Hair),the principal protectress and guardian of the 'Revealed Treasure'tradition of the Nyingma School.
Black in colour and fearsome in appearance she has one centraleye and one long white tooth, sharp, biting down over the lowerlip. Her yellow hair flows upward like flames, twisted into asingle braid. The right arm is held upward with the hand in awrathful gesture, the index finger pointed outward and emanatingthe form of a wolf, she brandishes a stick adorned with an impaledcorpse. The left hand upraised to the mouth holds a dark red humanheart that almost conceals her single downward hanging breast.Adorned with a tiara composed of five flower blossoms and threeskulls, a scarf of smoke encircling the neck, the ears and limbsare decorated with earrings, bracelets, armlets and anklets while aflayed tiger skin is wrapped about the waist. Completely surroundedby smoke and flames, with the right leg raised in a dancing postureshe stands with the left foot pressing down on a prone figure lyingatop a lotus blossom seat above a triangular throne decorated withnine human skulls.
Ekajati is a principal female protector in both the Nyingma(Old) and Sarma (New: Sakya, Kagyu, Gelug) Schools of TibetanBuddhism. In the Nyingma School she is the chief protector for the'Revealed Treasure' traditions and manifests in numerous forms,often appearing with only one eye and one tooth, sometimes withonly one leg as in the red manifestation from the Longchen Nyintigtradition of Jigme Lingpa. The different forms and descriptions ofEkajati are found in the various 'Revealed Treasure' texts of theNyingma School.
In the Sarma Schools she is the mother of Shri Devi (PaldenLhamo) and has a more typical appearance with one face, three eyes,and two breasts, always in a semi-wrathful visage and with onebraid of hair (Sanskrit: eka, one; jati, braid [of hair]). She isfound in the various Mahakala Tantra texts (anuttaryoga class)originating from India. Ekajati is also found in the lower kriyatantra texts and more commonly in association with the importantfigure of Tara where she is often seen as an attendant figurestanding on the left while the goddess Brikuti stands on the rightside.
Jeff Watt 3-2002
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