排除指甲本身的疾病之外，比如灰指甲。有哪些指甲的征兆在一定程度上预示着身体的疾病呢？这个问题众说纷纭，鱼龙混杂，泥沙俱下，不妨让我们了解一下，美国最好的医院梅奥诊所的关于指甲和身体健康的科普宣传吧。简单翻译如下，附原文。

Slide show: 7 fingernail problems not to ignore

7种不能忽略的指甲问题

Did you know that your fingernails can provide clues to your overall health?

你知道你的指甲能提供你全身健康状态的线索吗？

凹陷甲

For example, ice pick-like depressions in the nails (nail pitting) are common in people who have psoriasis — a condition characterized by scaly patches on the skin. Nail pitting can also be related to connective tissue disorders, such as Reiter's syndrome, and alopecia areata — an autoimmune disease that causes hair loss.

例如，凹陷甲在牛皮癣（银屑病）患者中常见，以及莱特尔(氏)综合征（一种病因未明的三联症，包括尿道炎、结膜炎和关节炎）和斑秃（一种自身免疫性疾病引发的头发脱落症状）。

杵状甲

Nail clubbing occurs when the tips of the fingers enlarge and the nails curve around the fingertips, usually over the course of years. Nail clubbing is sometimes the result of low oxygen in the blood and could be a sign of various types of lung disease. Nail clubbing is also associated with inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, liver disease and AIDS.

杵状甲有时是血液低氧的结果，预示着各种肺部疾病。它也和炎性肠病、心血管疾病肝病和艾滋病有关。【注释：患者甲板增厚，甲面积增大，甲板由中央凸起弯曲成弓形但与甲床牢固附着，甲板两侧呈弧状，形成向指(趾)包围状态，甲前缘则向下弯曲，整体状似表蒙，甲板连同指(趾)端颇似鼓槌状】

反甲

Spoon nails (koilonychia) are soft nails that look scooped out. The depression usually is large enough to hold a drop of liquid. Often, spoon nails are a sign of iron deficiency anemia or a liver condition known as hemochromatosis, in which your body absorbs too much iron from the food you eat. Spoon nails can also be associated with heart disease and hypothyroidism

匙状甲（反甲）是软甲，其凹坑大到能装一滴液体。通常反甲代表缺铁性贫血，但也可能是从食物中摄入的铁太多，导致肝性血色素沉着病有关，同时反甲也与心脏病以及甲状腺机能减退有关。

特里氏指甲

With the condition known as Terry's nails, most of the nails appear white except for a narrow pink band at the tip.Terry's nails can sometimes be attributed to aging. In other cases, Terry's nails can be a sign of a serious underlying condition, such as liver disease, congestive heart failure, kidney failure or diabetes.

特里氏指甲，其大部分指甲呈白色但顶端有一狭窄的粉红色带。这种指甲有时可以归因于老化。在其他情况下，这种指甲表明一个非常严重的疾病，如肝病、充血性心力衰竭、肾功能衰竭或糖尿病。

博氏线

Beau's lines are indentations that run across the nails. The indentations can appear when growth at the area under the cuticle is interrupted by injury or severe illness.Conditions associated with Beau's lines include uncontrolled diabetes and peripheral vascular disease, as well as illnesses associated with a high fever, such as scarlet fever, measles, mumps and pneumonia. Beau's lines can also be a sign of zinc deficiency.

　博氏线贯穿整个指甲，是一个锯齿状的凹坑。博氏线的出现是因为严重疾病或角质生长受创。博氏线与未受到控制的糖尿病和周围性血管疾病有关。以及伴随高烧的疾病，如猩红热、麻疹、腮腺炎和肺炎。博氏线也可以是身体缺锌的一种表现。

甲脱离

With a condition known as onycholysis, the fingernails become loose and can separate from the nail bed. The separated part of the nail becomes opaque with a white, yellow or green tinge. Sometimes detached nails are associated with injury or infection. In other cases nail separation is a reaction to a particular drug or consumer product, such as nail hardeners or adhesives. Thyroid disease and psoriasis — a condition characterized by scaly patches on the skin — also can cause nail separation.

甲脱离或指甲松动，可与甲床分离。分离的部分指甲变得不透明，呈白色、黄色或绿色色调。有时分离的指甲是因为指甲受伤或感染。在其他情况下，甲脱离与特定的药物或者消费品有关。,如用过一些指甲硬化剂或粘合剂。甲状腺疾病和牛皮癣也会导致指甲分离。

黄指甲综合征

With yellow nail syndrome, nails thicken and new growth slows. This results in a yellowish discoloration of the nails. Nails affected by yellow nail syndrome might lack a cuticle and detach from the nail bed in places. Yellow nail syndrome is often a sign of respiratory disease, such as chronic bronchitis. Yellow nail syndrome can also be related to swelling of the hands (lymphedema).

黄指甲综合症、指甲变厚伴随增长放缓。黄指甲综合症通常是呼吸道疾病的迹象,如慢性支气管炎。黄色的指甲综合症也可以与肿胀手(淋巴水肿)有关。

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