在永续农业的设计理念中
只要达成良好的水土循环
就可以把地球上各种各样
的环境改造成可食用森林
Water - Design for water is the bones of any Permaculture system and often times the way the layout works with water determines the basic shape of things.
水——水的设计是任何永续农业系统的核心。通常情况下，水的布局决定了事物的基本形状。
Remember our Permaculture principles, which tell us to Observe and Interact, and Design from Patterns to Details.
永续农业原则，告诉我们要去观察和互动，以及从模式到细节的设计。
Our powers of observation and our ability to see the patterns of water flow need to be developed before we can design for water on our sites.
在我们为场地设计水之前，需要发展观察力和观察水流模式的能力。
A water supply represents potential; the potential for people to drink, wash and cook, the potential for irrigating crops, the potential to generate electricity, the potential to raise fish, and the potential to grow a forest.
水源代表着潜力；提供饮用水、清洗和做饭的潜力，灌溉农作物的潜力，发电的潜力，养鱼的潜力，以及种植森林的潜力。
So the first rule of working with water is to keep it in its place of highest potential in the landscape, up high.
因此，与水合作的第一条原则是，把水源安置在场地上的高处，潜力最大的地方。
For a house, the roof represents the place with the highest potential. With the right roofing materials, clean water can be had and directed into a storage tank for later use.
对于一所房子来说，屋顶代表着具有最大潜力的位置。有了合适的屋顶材料，清洁的水就可以被引入储水箱，供以后使用。
It never touches the ground, so remains clean. It can flow by the force of gravity, and be directed to where you want it.
水永远不会接触到地面，所以保持清洁。水在重力的作用下流动，被引到你想要的任何地方。
The sides of a roof are like the slopes of a mountain. When we think of keeping water in its place of highest potential in the landscape at this scale, we think first about covering bare ground with plants and making the soil able to absorb water.
屋顶的两侧就像山的斜坡。当我们考虑在这种规模的场地中，保持水的最大潜力时，首先考虑的是用植物覆盖裸露的地面，使土壤能够吸收水分。
Next we think about places where we can safely intercept the flow of water with the least amount of effort and damage.
接下来要考虑的是，如何在付出最少的努力和损害下，安全地拦截水流。
On damaged land, we may need to do some surgery to get the water to slow down, this may take the form of a swale or a ditch to intercept its water on the way down a slope and soak it more into the soil, or direct it into ponds or reservoirs.
在受损的土地上，可能需要采取一些措施，使水流的速度减慢，这可能要采取沼泽和沟渠的形式，在下坡的过程中拦截水流，使其更多地渗入土壤，或将其引入池塘和水库。
This is what we can see on a large scale at the Al Baydha project in Saudi Arabia.
这就是我们在沙特阿拉伯Al Baydha项目中，可以看到的大规模的景象。
When we soak water high up in the watershed, it still moves down, but percolates underground through the soil, slowly replenishing water tables and feeding streams down below.
当水从分水岭高处渗透时，水仍然向下缓慢移动，但通过土壤渗入地下，慢慢地补充地下水位和下面的溪流。
Slowing, sinking and spreading the water so it has more surface area contact with the earth will allow time for soils to become deeply saturated.
减缓渗透和扩散速度，使水和地面的接触面积增大，同时有时间吸收水份让深层的土壤得到饱和。
Deeply wet soils can support trees and shrubs, which in turn can grow food, create habitat, block the wind, cast shade, produce firewood, attract bees with blossoms, and provide building materials.
深度湿润的土壤可以支撑树木和灌木生长，而这些树木和灌木又可以种植食物、创造栖息地、挡风、遮荫、产生木柴、用花朵吸引蜜蜂，并提供建筑材料。
The protection that these trees provide causes less evaporation from the sun and wind.
这些树木提供的保护，减少了阳光和风的蒸发
We can see at the urban scale at the house of Brad Lancaster in Tucson, Arizona where he created a Sonoran Desert forest in the heart of the city using these rainwater harvesting principles.
我们可以在亚利桑那州图森市的布拉德-兰卡斯特的房子里，看到城市规模，利用雨水收集原则，在城市中心创造了一个索诺兰沙漠森林。
The ground stays wetter for longer, and it feeds a cycle of rehydration.
地面保持湿润的时间更长，还提供了一个水循环系统。
We start by planting the water high up in the watershed, and working our way down.
从分水岭的高处开始种植植物，然后一直往下种植。
Big open water storages in the desert will have a lot of evaporation, but in the cool and cold temperate regions and wet tropics, large open storages of water can have huge benefits.
沙漠中的大型露天水库，会导致大量的蒸发，但在凉爽的温带地区和潮湿的热带地区，大型露天水库会有很大的好处。
A series of interconnected reservoirs can virtually drought proof farms by storing enough water to last through prolonged dry spells.
一系列内在相互联系的水库，可以通过储存足够的水，在长期干旱期持续下去，可以为农场提供抗旱能力。
In the tropics, we find historic examples of how to maximize productivity and edge as we get to the lower, wetter parts of the landscape.
在热带地区，我们发现了历史上的例子，进入地势较低、土壤较潮湿的地方时，如何最大限度地提高生产力和边缘。
Mexico City is an ancient settlement location, and it’s in a giant bowl surrounded by mountains where water doesn’t drain, so the bottom was a huge swamp.
墨西哥城是一个古老的定居地点，像在一个被群山环绕的大碗里，那里的水不会流失，所以底部是一个巨大的洼地。
The Aztecs built a vast network of islands called chinampas, where they dug down canals in the muck and piled it up onto rafts, which were then planted and took root.
阿兹特克人建立了一个巨大的岛屿网络，奇昂帕（漂浮花园），他们在淤泥中挖出运河，并将淤泥堆积在木筏上，然后在上面种植。
To this day, the chinampas of Mexico City are productive gardens, which help feed the city.
时至今日，墨西哥城的奇昂帕（漂浮花园）仍是成效显著的花园，养活整个城市。
The canals are the transportation, and fish can be caught in them too.
运河是交通道路，还可以在运河中捕鱼。
Every time a canal is cleaned out, the mud and muck are piled on to fertilize the chinampas.
每次清理运河时，淤泥都会堆积在木筏上，为奇昂帕（漂浮花园）增加肥力。
Wetlands have a natural capacity as filters, because we find wetlands low down in the watershed, and they’re used to filtering everything coming down.
湿地拥有天然的过滤能力，因为我们发现湿地在流域的低处，它们过滤流下来的一切东西。
So we use this fact to our advantage when creating our own wastewater treatment systems.
因此，在创建自己的废水处理系统时，我们会利用这一点作为优势。
Constructed wetlands, greywater systems, and living machines are all types of biological treatment that you can read about in the links.
建造湿地、灰水系统和活体机器都是这类生物处理的类型。
We build artificial wetlands to handle our wastewater and use the biology of healthy soil and aquatic plants to break the bonds of and absorb pollutants.
我们建造人工湿地来处理废水，并利用健康土壤和水生植物的生物学特性，来打破污染物的束缚和吸收污染物。
Water is life. Water is sacred. We must protect the water, and use Permaculture design to replenish and clean water, and restore a healthy hydrological cycle.
水是生命，水是神圣的。我们必须保护水，利用永续农业设计来补充和净化水，恢复健康的水循环。
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