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论坛地址：http://www.ltaaa.com/bbs/thread-464371-1-1.htmlHow can Modi manage to make an upset Nissan happy? Here's the answer
莫迪如何设法让沮丧的日产高兴？答案在这里
Despite India jumping 30 ranks in World Bank's Ease of Doing report this year, Prime Minister Narendra Modi still has miles to go on this count. Foreign companies have been dragging Indian government to international arbitration courts for not enforcing contracts. This creates very bad optics for the world when India is trying to increase foreign investment.
印度总理纳伦德拉莫迪还有很远的路要走，尽管印度在世界银行今年的报告中已经上升了30位。外国公司一直在将印度政府拖入国际仲裁法庭，因为它们不执行合同。当印度试图增加外国投资时，这为世界制造了非常恶劣的影响。
India has earned the dubious distinctio
n of having the largest number of arbitration cases pending against it. More than 20 such cases pending against India by companies such as Deutsche Telekom of Germany, Vodafone International Holdings BV, Sistema of Russia, Children's Investment Fund and TCI Cyprus Holdings. India even lost an international arbitration case involving White Industries of Australia a few years ago.
印度赢得了一份暧昧的荣誉：印度的仲裁案件数量最多。包括德国电信、沃达丰国际控股BV、俄罗斯Sistema、儿童投资基金和TCI塞浦路斯等公司在内的20多家公司正在对印度进行起诉。几年前，印度甚至在涉及澳大利亚白人工业的国际仲裁案件中败诉。
Japanese automaker Nissan Motor, which has begun international arbitration against India to seek more than $770 million in a dispute over unpaid state incentives, is the latest foreign company to drag the government to arbitration. Nissan seeks payment of incentives due from the Tamil Nadu government as part of a 2008 agreement to set up a car manufacturing plant in the southern state.
日本汽车制造商日产汽车已开始申请对印度进行国际仲裁，索赔超过7.7亿美元的资金，以解决未支付的国家激励问题。该公司是最新一家将政府拖到仲裁的外国公司。作为2008年在南部建立一家汽车制造厂的协议的一部分，尼桑寻求支付来自泰米尔纳德邦政府的激励措施款项。
The case that got most attention was of Vodafone Group Plc. Vodafone launched arbitration proceedings against India in the Rs 20,000-crore tax dispute related to its $11-billion deal to buy the stake of Hutchinson Telecom back in 2007. It cited violation of a treaty signed by India with the UK. British oil explorer Cairn Energy initiated international arbitration against a Rs 10,247 crore retrospective tax demand raised by the government. Cairn too started international arbitration proceedings against India under the UK-India Bilateral Investment Treaty in 2015.
最引人注目的是沃达丰集团公司。沃达丰在2007年以110亿美元的价格收购了赫钦森电信公司的股份，这一价值高达110亿美元的交易引发了针对印度的仲裁诉讼。它指出，这违反了印度与英国签署的一项条款。英国石油勘探商凯恩能源发起了国际仲裁，反对政府提出的10247项追溯税要求。在2015年英印双边投资条款下，凯恩也启动了针对印度的国际仲裁程序。
The Modi government has inherited the problem of international arbitration from the previous regime. However, the roots of much of this litigation lie in bilateral investment treaties (BITs) India signed with different countries over the years. MNCs utilise the Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS) provision in BITs to sue countries for real or perceived wrongs.
莫迪政府从上届政府那里继承了国际仲裁的问题。然而，这些诉讼的根源在于印度与不同国家签订的双边投资协定(BITs)。跨国公司利用“投资者-国家争端解决方案”(ISDS)条款，以实际或被察觉的错误起诉国家。
India had inked BITs with 83 countries on the basis of old model text of 1993. The Modi government decided to revise the treaties to prevent arbitration by foreign companies. The government introduced a new Model BIT in 2015 to guide future investment agreements. Last year, the government wrote to 47 countries to nullify the existing bilateral investment agreements and ink fresh treaties that will make it mandatory for foreign investors to exhaust local judicial remedies before seeking arbitration.
印度在1993年旧模式文本的基础上同83个国家签署了协议。莫迪政府决定修改这些条款，以阻止外国公司的仲裁。政府在2015年引入了一种新的模式，以指导未来的投资协议。去年，政府致函47个国家，取消了现有的双边投资协议并重修条款，这些协议将使外国投资者在寻求仲裁之前，必须在当地进行司法补救。
The government is also planning to sign investment agreements with states to ensure that big-capex FDI projects get fair treatment and do not get caught in red tape and disputes and then lead to international arbitration.
政府还计划与各国签署投资协议，以确保大型外国直接投资项目得到公平待遇，不会陷入繁文缛节和争端，进而导致国际仲裁。
If the Modi government's mission to maximise foreign direct investment and its ambitious 'Make in India' project has to be successful, it has to fix this problem fast. Foreign companies dragging India to international arbitration not only leads to financial loss but also damages the reputation of the country as an investment destination.
如果莫迪政府想让外国直接投资最大化的任务以及它雄心勃勃的“印度制造”项目成功，它就必须快速解决这个问题。外国公司将印度拖入国际仲裁，不仅会导致财政损失，还会损害印度作为投资目的地的声誉。
