【国外新鲜事】 自2010年以来英格兰和威尔士的青少年自杀人数增加了67%

Teenage suicides in England and Wales rise 67% since 2010

自2010年以来英格兰和威尔士的青少年自杀人数增加了67%

The number of teenage suicides in England and Wales increased by 67 per cent between 2010 and 2017, The Independent can reveal.

从2010年到2017年，英格兰和威尔士的青少年自杀人数增加了67%。

Office of National Statistics (ONS) figures show that in the last year alone 187 under 19s took their own lives, compared with 162 the year before - a rise of 15 per cent.?

国家统计局的数据显示：在去年十九岁以下的自杀人数为187人，前年为162人，同比增长了15%。

At the start of the decade in 2010, the figure stood at 112. Since then tuition fees have increased, while studies have linked social media to increasing anxiety and depression among teenagers.? ?

在2010年之前的十年间，这个数字是112人。从2010年开始，学费上涨，而学业压力在青少年当中越来越严重，引起了社交媒体的广泛关注。

The latest figures follow June's announcement that the teenage suicide rate in London had increased at more than four times the national rate, rising by 107 per cent in the three years from 2013 to 2016 – from 14 to 29.

六月份发布的最新的数字显示：在2013年到2016年的3年间，伦敦的青少年自杀率大幅增加，是整个国家自杀率的4倍，增幅为107%，从14人增加到29人。

Barbara Keeley, Labour’s shadow minister for mental health, told The Independent that the latest figures were a “national scandal”.?

芭芭拉.吉丽是英国工党主管心理健康的影子政府部长，她告诉《独立报》说：最新的数据是一个“国家丑闻”。

She said they were 'particularly troubling as next week is suicide prevention day, which is a reminder that with the right support death by suicide can be prevented.'

她说：工党现在很抓狂，因为下个星期就就要迎来“防止自杀日”了，这个日子提醒人们注意：如果得到很好的支持，那么自杀这种事是可以被避免的。

She added: 'Unfortunately, young people's mental health services have not been given the resources they need under this Tory government. This has meant that children who are referred to mental health services too often receive no help at all.??Those who do receive help have to deal with unacceptably long waiting times, sometimes up to eighteen months.'

她补充说道：“很不幸的是，在保守党执政之下的政府，关注年轻人的心理健康的服务机构没有得到政府的大力支持。这就意味着有孩子们需要向这些心理健康服务机构求助的时候却得不到任何帮助。那一部分能够获得帮助的年轻人却又不得不长时间等待咨询，有时候，等待时间要长达18个月。”

“Labour are committed to making young people’s mental health a priority. We are committed to increasing the proportion of the budgets spent on young people’s mental health services, and to providing access to a school-based counselling service in every secondary school.”

“工党现在致力于把年轻人的心理健康放在工作的首要位置。我们致力于增加关于维护年轻人的心理健康方面的预算的比重，以学校为基地，在每个中学为学生提供咨询的渠道。”

Andy Bell, Deputy Chief Executive of the Centre for Mental Health charity noted that the total number of suicides had fallen for the second year running, from 6,188 in 2015, 5,966 in 2016 and 5,821 last year.?

安迪.贝尔是心理健康慈善中心的副总裁，他指出：自杀总数已经是连续第二年下跌，从2015年的6188人到2016年的5966人。

But he said: “Every loss of life through suicide is a tragedy for everyone involved, often for whole communities, and we need to redouble efforts to prevent suicide whenever possible. With up to 6,000 lives lost each year, we know that concerted action is needed with people of all ages, including children and young people, to reduce the risk of suicide and ensure people get help where and when they need it.”

但是他说：“每一个生命因为自杀的逝去对于每个和他们有关联的人以及对于整个社会来说都是一个悲剧，我们需要加倍努力来防止随时可能发生的自杀行为。每年有6000人死亡，我们知道各年龄层的人需要共同采取协调一致的行动，其中包括儿童和年轻人在内，我们要采取行动减少自杀的风险，保证人们能够在任何地点、任何时间能够获得他们所需要的帮助。”

Ruth Sutherland, chief executive of the Samaritans charity, added that “more timely data and research was needed” to understand why so many teenagers were taking their own lives.?

鲁斯.苏特兰德是撒马利坦慈善中心的总裁，他说：“需要更加及时的数据和研究”以便能偶理解为什么有那么多的青少年选择结束自己的生命。

“Understanding the risk factors for suicide among young people can help us to prevent it,' she said. 'Research tells us that events such as bereavement, a history of abuse, self-harm, mental ill health and experiencing academic pressures are common risk factors in young people who take their lives.

她说：“理解影响年轻人自杀的因素是什么能够帮助我们预防它。研究告诉我们丧失亲人、受到侮辱，自残，大脑疾病，饱受学习压力的困扰等过往时间是让年轻人选择自杀的普遍风险因素。”

“Of course, many young people will experience these things and not take their own life, and it is helpful to understand more about causes, so we can identify groups of young people who may be more at risk and need specialist support. To prevent future suicides, we need to better identify risk factors and understand what might be influencing the increase. Samaritans believes that early intervention is the key to suicide prevention, particularly when it comes to young people.'

“当然，许多年轻人将会经历这些事情，但是他们不会选择结束自己的生命，这一点有助于我们更好地理解自杀的种种原因，这样，我们能够识别出有哪些年轻人群体存在较大的自杀风险并需要专家的支持。为了防止未来可能发生的自杀行为，我们需要更好地识别出相关的风险性因素，去理解究竟是什么会影响到自杀率的攀升。”

Ms Sutherland also called on politicians, employers, health bodies and educators to all work to identify and support those who are at risk.

苏特兰德女士还呼吁政治家们、企业家们、医疗机构和教育家们都致力于识别和支持那些处在危机之中的人。

A Department of Health and Social Care spokesperson said: “Every single suicide is a tragedy and suicide prevention remains a priority for this Government. That’s why we are investing record levels to transform mental health services so more people have access to treatment and care when they need it most.

英国卫生部的一名发言人说：“每个自杀个案是一个悲剧，防止自杀行为依然是政府的优先工作。这就是为什么我们比以往下更大的力气进行投资以促成心理健康支持中心的转型升级，那样更多的人在他们需要帮助的时候，有渠道去接受治疗和关爱。”

“We are spending an extra ￡300 million to provide more help mental health support in schools and have committed to a further ￡1.4 billion investment to support significant transformation of services for children and young people.”

“我们投入了3亿英镑的资金在学校，为心理健康救助提供支持。我们投入了14亿英镑支持面向儿童和年轻人的心理救助机构的重大转型。”