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This image shows the splitting process. A standard screwdriver with a sharpened blade is driven into a cane strip, and then the gloved hand forces the strip into the sharpened edge of the screwdriver blade, thus splitting the strip down its length into two narrower pieces. With experience one learns to steer the split so that it does not veer off course.
Some freshly split strips of Tonkin cane. The protrusions are the remains of nodal diaphragms, which occur both inside and outside the bamboo stalk at each node location. They will be mostly removed using a plane and a hand file, and then heat and pressure will be applied to flatten any remaining bumps. Some bamboo fly rod makers use a bench grinder or belt sander to remove much of this node material prior to flattening them with heat, to help expedite the process.
Checking the accuracy of the 60° angles using a center gauge (image on left). After completing the secondary stage of rough planing the ends of the strips have the equilateral triangle shape that enables them to nest together to form a fly rod that is hexagonal. They will next be bound together with string and placed in a heat treating oven that will dry, straighten, and temper them. Note that the side of each strip that faces out still has the original enamel layer that serves as the protective natural coating on the exterior of the bamboo stalk. The side of the strips that have this coating is never planed, since the bamboo plant's most elastic fibers lie just underneath this thin enamel layer. The enamel will, however, be sanded off with fine grit sandpaper in the last stages of the fly rod's creation.
The six untapered triangular strips bound together with string (top image), forming the familiar hexagonal cross section that is typical of bamboo fly fishing rods. The string binding will enable the strips to heat cure in a straightened position, thus removing most of the kinks that each strip may have originally had. Most importantly, heating the strips in the 6' long oven (lower image) drives out excess moisture, and stiffens the cane somewhat. Many rodmakers believe that placing the rod section in an iron pipe that is then heated with a blow torch serves this function as well as a more expensive oven does.
After heat treating, the bamboo strips will be tapered on a set of adjustable planing forms made from two steel bars (adjustable wooden forms can also be used for final planing). The beveled edges of the bars create a 60° groove down the center of the form that is adjusted in depth by tightening or loosening bolts that draw together or push apart the two sides of the form. The depth of the groove at each point along the length of the planing form is what determines how much the strips will taper from the large butt end of the fly rod to the smaller tip end. This adjustment is done on the planing forms using the pictured dial indicator depth gauge. There are an infinite number of possible fly rod tapers that could be used, and to a great extent being a good split cane fly rod maker involves understanding how different taper designs effect the casting performance of any given fly rod.
The strips sometimes tend to tear at the irregularly grained node areas during planing. To smooth these areas out a scraper plane is used. Scraper planes are also often used to remove the last few thousandths of an inch of material to make the strips flush with the top surface of the steel planing form. Inexpensive hand held scraping blades will also work well for rod making. A very thin spline for a tip section is being shown in the forms in this image.
A completed tip section resting on the steel planing form. This end of the tip section is 74 thousandths of an inch in thickness. Each of the six triangular splines it is composed of are 37 thousandths of an inch thick.
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A finished 8' two-piece (three tips) 6 wt. bamboo fly rod. |
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A 6' long culm of Tonkin cane, before and after being split into strips. The bamboo pole is initially split int 6-8 large pieces using a specialized knife called a "froe". These large strips are then split into narrower strips in the process shown below. 钓鱼啦
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