高考英语语法名词性从句之主语从句学习

观察一：观察以下句子，判断是那一类的名词性从句，并指出该名词性从句的引导词。

（1） Who he is doesn’t concern me.

（2） What he said is unbelievable.

（3） Where we shall do the test is still under discussion.

（4） When we will hold the sports meet is still unknown.

（5） How he got in touch with Tom is not clear.

（6） That light travels faster than sound is known to us all.

（7） Whether she likes the present is not clear to me.

以上句子为主语从句，引导词有who, what, where ,when ,why ,how ,whether ,that,

whatever, whoever, however.

第6句改编. It is known to us all that light travels faster than sound.

第7句改编. it is not clear to me Whether/if she likes the present. 此时whether和if均可。

Whether和if 引导主语从句有什么区别？

引导主语从句表是否只能用whether，转换为it做形式主语时候whether和if都可以。

What 和that 引导主语从句有什么区别？

what引导主语从句，what在主语从句中做成份，如句子（2），that在主语从句中不做成份，如句子（6）但是此时that也不能省略。例如：That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

例如1.What you need is more practice .

例如2.That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.

Whoever breaks the law should be published .

Watever was said here must be kept secret .

此类引导词引导的从句也是_主语从句____从句，意思中包含有:___无论……._

主语从句范例

1． the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

答案　When

解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，用when。

2．It is difficult for us to imagine life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

答案　what

解析　考查宾语从句。从句“ life was like for slaves in the ancient world”中缺宾语，且从句在及物动词imagine后作宾语，故选择连接代词what。

3． impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.

答案　what

解析　考查名词性从句。句意为： 关于他的绘画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。包含一个缺少主语的主语从句，故用what。

4.It’s good to know the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.

答案　that

解析　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，后面从句完整，用that引导。

5. one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.

答案　Whichever

解析　句意为：你们中无论哪一个打破了窗户都要负责赔偿。此处指从“you”这一范围中作出选择，故填whichever无论哪一个。

6. It doesn’t matter you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.

答案　whether

解析　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，所以所填连词在句中引导主语从句；根据题干中关键信息词or可知填whether。

7.team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A.No matter what B.No matter which C.Whatever D.Whichever

〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查主语从句。 〖解析〗由句式结构可知此空白处应选择连词引导主语从句, 且在主语从句中作team的定语使用, 选项中只有whichever和whichever可同时具备这两种功能, 且从数个已知的队中选择一个, 故选whichever。

8. 〖06辽宁〗makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.

A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever

〖答案〗A 〖考点〗考查主语从句。

〖解析〗what引导主语从句, 并作从句的主语, what=the thing that。

9.〖07全国Ⅱ〗matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which

〖答案〗A 〖考点〗考查主语从句。 〖解析〗本题考查主语从句, 且从句中缺少主语。

10. 〖07陕西〗parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.

A.That B.Which C.What D.As

〖答案〗C 〖考点〗本题考查名词性从句的选用。

〖解析〗分析句子结构可知, 此处主语从句缺少动词say and do的宾语, 故用what。

11. 〖07山东〗worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.

A.This B.That C.What D.It

〖答案〗D 〖考点〗考查主语从句。 〖解析〗it在句中代指所发生的事情, the way在句中作方式状语, 同时又作了先行词, 其后为定语从句, 省略了引导词that或in which。

12. 〖08福建〗 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A.It B.What C.As D.Which

〖答案〗B 〖考点〗考查主语从句。

〖解析〗分析题干结构 “ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。

13.〖08山东〗 was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

A.It B.This C.What D.As

〖答案〗C 〖考点〗主语从句。 〖解析〗what引导主语从句, 同时又在从句中充当主语。

14. 【2015·江苏】._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.

A. That B. Why C. Where D. How

【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。

【考点定位】名词性从句【名师点睛】此题由于“a great Chinese poet”的插入，句子结构变得稍显复杂，因此要求考生能够排除结构干扰，看清考点还是考查名词性从句连接词的选择，然后根据“从句部分缺什么补什么的原则选则连接词”这一根本原则，同时结合句意，迅速锁定正确答案。

15.【2015·北京】 _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.

A. Where B.How C.Why D. When

【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知，主语从句缺少方式状语，因此选择how。故选B。【考点定位】主语从句。

【名师点睛】主语从句分多种，解题时要分析原题空中缺少的是何种状语。这类题考生首先要利用主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判别，尤其是连词在从句中的功能，由于引导主语从句的连词功能有所分别，较为容易抉择，但有的连词的形式一样，但具有不同意思，这就需要考生仔细甄别，充分利用与之相关内容或与其搭配相关词语的意思。

观察与思考：that与what 引导名词性从句的用法有什么不同？

1.What you need is more practice .

2.That he needed a lot of money made us surprised.

3.What impressed me most was that he was always patient with children.

1．that和what都可以引导名词性从句。

2．what是连接代词，引导名词性从句，在从句中（有 ）实在意义，（做/ ）成分,（ 不能）省。

3．that是连接词，在从句中（有/无）实在意义，仅起连接作用，（ 不做）成分,；引导宾语从句时（能/ ）省略，但引导多个宾语从句时，只有第 一个that 可以省略。在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时that一般（ 不能）省略。

感悟疑点：

1. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space.

A where B what C that D how

2. They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that night began to fall.

A. that B it C what D which

3. _____ no one likes his ideas is not strange at all.

A. What B How C When D That

4. _____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key university.

A. What; because B What; that C That; what D That; because

5.. Word has came _____some American guests will come for a visit.

A. what B. that C. whether D. when

6. He told us _____ his father had died and ____ he had to live alone.

A that, / B /, that C what,/ D / , what

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