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消防英文:Commonly Used Abbreviations

● The Federal NIOSHpublishes a variety of resources for hazardous materials reference. The NIOSH PocketGuide to Chemical Hazards is a commonly used document to evaluate the propertiesof hazardous materials.

(美国联邦国家职业安全卫生研究所发行了许多危险物品参考书目之资源。该研究所之化学危害袖珍指南是常用于评估危险物品特性之文件。)
● As one browsesthrough the Guide to evaluate chemical hazards, it is essential to know the commonabbreviations and units that are used in the text. The following abbreviations areused in the NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards for the physical and chemicalproperties given for each chemical. If there is an “NA”in an entry, it indicates that a property is not applicable, anda question mark (?) indicates that the data is unknown.

(当我们在浏览这些指南以评估化学危害时,了解常用文件中之缩写及单位是非常重要的。下列缩写用于美国联邦国家职业安全卫生研究所化学危害袖珍指南以查询每种化学物质之物理及化学特性。假如某个项目出现”NA”时,代表特性不适用,出现问号则表示资料不清楚。)
◆ MW—Molecular weight.(MW--分子量。)
◆ BP—Boiling point at 1 atmosphere in °F.(BP--在一大气压下华氏温度沸点。)
◆ Sol—Solubility in water at 68 °F(20 °C), measured in percent by weight (i.e.,g (gram)/100 mL (milliliter)).

【Sol--水温华氏68度(摄氏20度)之溶解度,以重量百分比测量(例如:克/100毫升)。】
◆ Fl.P—Flash point in °F (i.e., the temperature at which theliquid phase gives off enough vapor to flash when exposed to an external ignitionsource), as tested in a closed cup apparatus .

【Fl.P--华氏温度闪火点(当暴露在内部起火源时,液相挥发出足够蒸汽而闪烁起火之温度),于闭杯闪火点测定仪测试所得。】
◆ IP—Ionization potential, eV (electron volts).Ionization potentials are given as a guideline for the selection of photoionizationdetector lamps used in some direct-reading instruments.

(IP--游离电位,电子伏特。游离电位是为选择用于直接阅读用装置之光离子感测灯泡所需之指导方针。)
◆ VP—Vapor pressure at 68 °F(20 °C) (unless a different temperature isnoted), in mm (millimeter) of mercury (chemical symbol Hg). “Approx” indicates an approximate amount.【VP--温度华氏68度(摄氏20度)蒸气压(除非有注记不同之温度),以水银柱(化学符号Hg)之毫米标示。Approx代表大概之数量。】
◆ MLT—Melting point for solids, in °F.(MLT--固体熔点,以华氏温度标示。)
◆ FRZ—Freezing point for liquids and gases,in °F.

(FRZ--液体及气体凝固点,以华氏温度标示。)
◆ UEL—Upper Explosive Level (flammable) limitin air, in percent by volume (at room temperature unless otherwise noted).

【UEL--爆炸上限,空气中之燃烧界限,以体积百分比标示(在室温下,除非另行注记)。】
◆ LEL—Lower Explosive Level (flammable) limitin air, in percent by volume (at room temperature unless otherwise noted).

【LEL--爆炸下限,空气中之燃烧界限,以体积百分比标示(在室温下,除非另行注记)。】
◆ MEC—Minimum explosive concentration, ing/m3 (cubic meter) (when available).

(MEC--爆炸下限浓度,以克/立方公尺标示。)
◆ Sp.Gr—Specific gravity at 68 °F(20 °C) (unless a different temperature isnoted) referenced to water at 39.2 °F(4 °C).

【Sp.Gr--对照华氏39.2度(摄氏20度)的水,华氏68度(摄氏20度)之比重(除非有注记不同之温度)。】
◆ RGasD—Relative density of gases referencedto air = 1. This indicates how many times a gas is heavier than air at the sametemperature.

(RGasD--气体对照空气之相对密度。这代表在相同温度下气体比空气重几倍。)

注:本文相关内容来自USFA

(本专栏内容可能与我国消防现况有所出入,仅供学习消防英文参考使用。)






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