HELLO WINTER
『揭秘 膏方』
WINTER
冬日の暖阳
膏方最早起源于汉唐。《黄帝内经》中就有相关记载，如内服治疗猛疽的豕膏，以及外用治疗筋脉纵驰的马膏；东汉末年医圣张仲景在《金匮要略》中记载的大乌头煎、猪膏发煎，也是将膏方作为内服药物的最早记录。
晋代葛洪《肘后备急方》诸膏方制剂有用苦酒（也就是醋）与猪油作溶剂的特点，等到药制成以后，既可外用按摩患处，当然这也可以内服。如黑膏（生地黄、豆豉、猪膏、雄黄粉、麝香等），功能清热解毒，活血散结。
宋朝膏逐渐变得主流起来，基本沿袭唐代风格，用途日趋广泛，如南宋《洪氏集验方》收载的琼玉膏，沿用至今，同时膏方中含有动物类药的习惯也流传下来。
发展至明清，膏方已经进入了成熟阶段。清代叶天士《临证指南医案》便有记载：《叶氏医案存真》中，治精血五液衰夺，阳化内风之证，治咳甚呕血吐食，均“进膏滋药”。吴尚先所著的《理瀹骈文》，载有内服膏方，吴氏制方，基于外治与内治相通之理，主要取辨证论治之内服汤丸制作膏药。
而现代研究发现，冬令进补膏方，可起到调节免疫、加强人体免疫功能、增强人体抗氧自由基等作用。各大中医院纷纷开设膏方门诊，这种因人因地因时制宜治未病的养生方式享誉海内外，加之其口感适中，储存方便等优点深受百姓的欢迎。
WINTER
The cream formula recipe originated from the Han and Tang dynasties. For example, it includes rag cream which can treat gangrene, and horse cream to treat muscle and pulse relaxation.
In the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhang Zhongjing, the medical sage, recorded in "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" the decoctions of aconite and pig paste, which are also the earliest records of taking the ointment as an internal medicine.
In the Jin Dynasty, Gehong used bitter wine (that is, vinegar) and lard as the solvent in the preparation of various ointment prescriptions in the "elbow reserve emergency prescription". After the medicine is made, it can be used externally to massage the affected part, of course, it can also be taken internally. For example, black cream (raw rehmannia, fermented soybeans, pig paste, realgar powder, musk, etc.) has the function of clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and dispersing knots.
The cream of the Song Dynasty gradually became the mainstream, basically following the style of the Tang Dynasty, and its use became increasingly widespread. For example, the Qiongyu cream contained in the "Hong's Collection of Prescriptions" of the Southern Song Dynasty has been used until now, and the habit of containing animal drugs in the cream has also been passed down.
WINTER
By the Ming and Qing dynasties, the cream formula had entered a mature stage. It is recorded in the "Clinical Guide Medical Record" of Ye Tianshi in the Qing Dynasty that in the "Medical Record of Ye's Family", the treatment of the syndrome of the decline of the five fluids of essence and blood, the yang of the internal wind, the treatment of cough and vomiting of blood and food are all "put into plaster". The "Li Yue Pian Wen", written by Wu Shangxian, contains the prescription for taking orally, which is made by Wu's family. Based on the principle of the connection between external treatment and internal treatment, it mainly uses the internal decoction pill to make plaster.
Modern research has found that the winter tonic cream can play a role in regulating immunity, strengthening human immune function, and strengthening human anti-oxygen free radicals. Various major Chinese medicine hospitals have set up creamy prescription clinics, which are well-known at home and abroad as a way of curing diseases according to the local conditions and human factors. In addition, its taste is moderate and its storage is convenient.
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