英语中有一些动词,常和表示行为方式的状语连用,可以用其主动形式表示被动的含义。这类动词只能用物而一般不用人作主语,表示在逻辑上应该用被动语态表示的概念。如:
This pen writes well.这笔很好写。
pen是物,是句中的主语,它怎么能自己 wirte(写)呢?这是主动语态。从语法和逻辑角度看,变成“This pen is writtenwell.”用被动语态更合逻辑,更正确。然而,英美人不这么说。他们认为“This pen writes well.”更自然,更简便,更合乎习惯。用主动语态表示被动意义的这类动词常见的有:open,close,sound,wash,cook,read,look,fill,write,begin,sell,eat,taste,smell等。如果我们把这些单词编成顺口溜来记,也许更容易掌握。
请看:
钟声敲得嘭嘭响(The bell sounds well.)
六点开门上学堂(The school opens at 6∶00.)
战(争)事(情)发生在7点(The war began at 7.)
布料耐洗衣烫平(The cloth washed well and ironedeasily.)
剧本、故事演(讲)得好(The play acts well and the story told well.)
烟斗好抽又畅销(The pipe smoks well and sells well.)
此书还在印刷中(Th book is printing.)
那饼吃来脆又松(The cakes eat crisp and short.)
木料易锯摸起来粗(The wood saws easily and its surface feels taugh.)
食物难存易调烹(The food doesn’t keep longbut cooks easily.)
清水装满水桶中(The clean water fills the bucket.)
茶的味道香喷喷。(The tea tastessweet.)
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