$ ls -altr .git
total 40
drwxrwxr-x 4 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 refs
drwxrwxr-x 4 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 objects
drwxrwxr-x 2 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 info
drwxrwxr-x 2 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 hooks
-rw-rw-r -- 1 git git 23 Aug 13 22:39 HEAD
-rw-rw-r -- 1 git git 73 Aug 13 22:39 description
-rw-rw-r -- 1 git git 92 Aug 13 22:39 config
drwxrwxr-x 2 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 branches
drwxrwxr-x 36 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39
drwxrwxr-x 7 git git 4096 Aug 13 22:39 .
4、向工程添加和提交文件
这些动作和CVS、SVN等操作类似
$ git add *.java *.c
$ git commit -m 'Initial upload of the project'
create mode 100755 Orangebugs.java
create mode 100755 pwm/ui/DataManager.java
create mode 100755 pwm/ui/PasswordFrame.java
create mode 100755 pwm/tools/StrongEncryption.java
create mode 100755 pwm/tools/PasswordStrength.java
注意如果之前没有使用 git config 指定用户名和电子邮件地址,这里会报错
$ git commit -m 'Initial upload of the project'
*** Please tell me who you are.
Run
git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
to set your account's default identity.
Omit --global to set the identity only in this repository.
fatal: empty ident not allowed
5、更改文件和提交改动
编辑文件、添加或者删除了一些字段
$ vi Orangebugs.java
查看和GIT仓库中的文件相比有了那些改动
$ git diff
diff --git a/Orangebugs.java b/Orangebugs.java
index 6166ed1fd82d32 100644
- a/Orangebugs.java
+++ b/Orangebugs.java
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
- public counter=10
+ public counter=55
如果要提交,需要先确保将文件添加到了临时区域(staging area)然后才能提交,提交时会自动打开系统的默认编辑器,用户添加一些注释后保存并退出编辑器的时候,这些注释就同时提交到仓库中去了
$ git add Orangebugs.java
$ git commit
[master 80f10a9] Added password strength meter functionality
1 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
或者,简单一点的方法是使用 git commit -a 把上面两个命令合二为一。
6、查看状态和查看注释
如果本地的文件和远端GIT仓库上的文件相比没有任何改动,则
$ git status
# On branch master
nothing to commit (working directory clean)
如果本地做了改动但是没有提交,则
$ git status
# On branch master
# Changes not staged for commit:
# (use "git add …" to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout - …" to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: Orangebugs.java
#
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
另外,可以用下面的命令查看文件历史和以往的注释
$ git log Orangebugs.java
commit c919ced7f42f4bc06d563c1a1eaa107f2b2420d5
Author: GIT Admin
Date: Sat Aug 13 22:54:57 2011 -0700
Added password strength meter functionality
commit c141b7bdbff429de35e36bafb2e43edc655e9957
Author: GIT Admin
Date: Sat Aug 13 20:08:02 2011 -0700
Initial upload of the project
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