新闻报道类阅读理解解题策略指导

新闻报道类短文在高考阅读理解中屡屡出现。考生在阅读此类文章时，应该注意以下方面：

1．如果有标题的话，要重视新闻报道文章的标题。标题通常点明短文的主题思想。但是高考试卷中的大部分新闻报道都会有意识地删掉标题，以考查考生对主题思想的归纳概括能力。

2．重视新闻报道文章的导语部分。导语(lead)就是指新闻报道的第一段或第一、二段，它是新闻报道最基本内容的概括和浓缩，它通常反映新闻报道的主题或论点。因此考生要想掌握新闻报道的主题或论点概况，必须仔细阅读导语。

3．重视每个段落的链接。新闻报道的正文主要是对导语部分所提供的主题信息的相关细节进行叙述或议论。新闻报道在叙述或议论过程中其正文部分往往由很多短小的段落组成，但是这些短小的段落却是按照一定的时间、逻辑或空间等顺序进行展开，环环相扣，因此结构仍然很紧凑。

4．重视新闻报道分类阅读理解指导。

1）记叙类的新闻报道阅读理解指导。对于记叙类的新闻报道，考生应在了解短文主题思想的前提下，认真阅读和分析新闻报道的正文部分，从中了解到何人、何事、何时、何处、何因以及方式等六大要素以及这些要素的变化和发展情况，从而对整个事件有个详尽的认识和理解。高考对记叙类的新闻报道阅读理解的命题主要考查考生对细节理解和分析能力，通常从报道细节命题。

2）议论类的新闻报道阅读理解指导。对于议论类的新闻报道，考生首先应对新闻报道的导语部分准确分析把握它的核心论点，然后对新闻报道的主体部分认真阅读和分析，明确作者的观点和态度或其中主要人物的观点与态度，弄清短文为支持论点(或分论点)所提供的各个论据及其逻辑关系;梳理短文所提供的各种数据;如果是辩论类新闻报道，考生还要分析正方观点、反方观点及其相应的论据。

3）说明类的新闻报道阅读理解指导。对于说明类的新闻报道，考生首先弄清该篇新闻报道说明或介绍的主体是什么，再从主体部分了解主体事物的起源、性能、特征、发展前景、社会影响等。

真题典例

According to theUSgovernment, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast ofNorway, however, could help put them anywhere.

The project, called Hywind, is the world’s first large- scale deepwater wind turbine (涡轮发电机)．Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton, 2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar (see picture)，a technology Hywind’s creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywind’s stability (稳定性) in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwesternNorwayas early as September.

To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but it’s difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spar’s centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the ocean’s surface. To do that，the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture)．

Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind- farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep- sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill- as- eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low- carbon power sources available.

21. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of ________.

A．the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor

B．the spar which is floating in deep- sea water

C．the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind

D．the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface

22. To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting ________.

A．on the sea floor 　B．on the spar top C．at sea level 　 D．behind the blades

23. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can ________.

A．solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills

B．make financial profits by producing more turbines

C．settle the arguments about environmental problems

D．explore low- carbon power resources available at sea

【解析】本文是一篇说明类的新闻报道。文章主要介绍在深海中大规模发电的Hywind计划，这个计划主要是在深海探索低碳电力资源来服务于人类。

21. B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中提到的The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar (see picture)，a technology…可知选择B。

22. C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后…gearbox sits at sea level…可知选项C正确。

23. D　细节理解题。根据文章最后… If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planet’s surface to one of the best low- carbon power sources available.可知选项D正确。