前段时间在朋友圈，看到了叔本华的这段文字（中文版本）叔本华：不经历逆境，不能完全了解自己 ，大概读了五六遍，也在今年读完了他的《人生的智慧》 中文翻译版本， 既然如此喜欢，小编自行翻译（为英文），当作一篇学习素材。也当作一篇思考笔记吧。
往期：
阿图尔·叔本华（Arthur Schopenhauer，1788-1860）是德国唯心主义的代表人物之一，在哲学史上有重要的地位。他的文章也是德语文学的上乘之作。
不经历逆境，不能完全了解自己
You cannot know yourself completely till you have known adversity
当我们生活得安适自在时，应该不忘我们陷于忧郁、沉闷、无所适从的困境，以教导我们如何正确地行动；当我们享受美好欢乐的时光时，这种忧郁、沉闷、无所适从的困境，应能教导我们要谦虚谨慎。
When we are at ease in our lives, we should not forget that we are in the gloomy ,depressing dilemma in which we don't know what to do, so as to teach us how to act correctly; When we are enjoying the good times, the melancholy, the dreary, the confused predicament should teach us to be modest and prudent.
因为我们一般是根据我们最好的与最美好的时机，评价我们自己的；而在软弱、沉闷、糊涂的时候，我们则视之为并非我们的本质。
for we generally judge ourselves according to our best moments; And when we are weak and dull and confused, we see it as not being who we really are.
牢记那些困境与时有的窘困，将教导我们要谦逊、恭顺与容忍。
Remembering the difficulties and the difficulties of the time will teach us to be humble and tolerant
对世界的期待，大都来自青春的幻想
The expectation of the world, mostly from the fantasy of youth
粗心的年轻人可能认为世界就意味着去享乐，仿佛世界上真实的幸福俯拾皆是；然而，恰恰是这些人得不到幸福，因为他们的才智不足以使其战胜生活道路上的种种困难。
Careless young people may think that the world is all about having fun, as if the world were truly full of happiness. however, It is precisely these people who do not have happiness, because their intelligence is not enough to make them overcome the difficulties on the road of life .
当他阅读那些富有诗意浪漫主义的作品时，那种观念便牢牢地在心中扎下了根，实际上他被外部世界的现象欺骗了——这个世界具有彻头彻尾的虚伪。
when he read the poetic works of romanticism, the idea is firmly rooted in the heart, in fact, he was cheated by the phenomenon of the outside world, the world has a complete hypocrisy
他的生活或多或少总要寻求那现实的幸福；并且，他所理解的幸福就是一连串确定的快乐。在追寻这些幸福的过程中，他遇到了危险。
his life more or less always seek the real happiness; And what he understands as happiness is a series of certain pleasures in the pursuit of which he encounters danger
认清了命运的恶作剧，但再无重来的机会
Aware of the mischief of fate, but no chance of a second times
人们搜寻着并不存在的猎物，遭受种种真实的不幸——苦痛、穷困、疾病、失败、匮乏、忧烦、耻辱以及人生中其他一切艰难困苦。
Men hunt for prey that does not exist, suffer real miseries, suffering, poverty, illness, failure, scarcity, sorrow, shame, and all the other hardships of life.
他终于识破了蒙骗他命运的恶作剧——然而，太晚了。
He finally saw through the trick that had bewitched him but it was too late
看不到事情的因果，说明走得还不够远
If you don't see cause and effect, you haven't gone far enough
正如一位登高的行者，只有越过脚下蜿蜒曲折的道路，放眼望去，才可得到一个通盘的概观。
Just as a hiker on a high mountain can only get a comprehensive view by looking down the winding road beneath him ,
同样，只有走完人生旅途中的某个阶段，才能认清我们全部行为之间真实联系，并明确地知晓我们做了什么，得到了什么。
so it is only after a certain stage in the journey of life that we can see the true connection between all our actions and know exactly what we have done and what we have achieved
只有那时，才能明白精确的因果链条和我们一切努力的价值所在。
Only then will we understand the precise chain of cause and effect and the value of all our efforts.
不能忽视情绪的影响
You can't ignore your emotions
只要沉陷在日常的生活琐事中，我们就只能按照自己的天性行动，总是受情感的左右或能力的限定。
As long as we are immersed in the daily trifles of life, we can only act according to our own nature, always subject to the dictates of our emotions or the limits of our abilities
我们自始至终都受着自然规律的制约，无时无刻不在进行我们所认为的正当的事业。
We are bound from beginning to end by the laws of nature, and we are always doing things which we think is right all the time.
只有在后来，回首整个人生旅程及其总体结果时，我们才能最终明白其中全部奥秘。
It is only later, when we look back on the journey and its overall outcome, that we finally understand the full mystery in it.
诚实面对自己
Honest with yourself
我们每个人都在别人身上看到一面反映自己的镜子，从这面镜子中清楚地看到自己的罪过、缺点或种种不好的地方。即便如此，我们大多数的人对镜子做出狗的动作，亦即认为镜子里的并不是自己，是另外一只狗，而对着镜子大吼大叫。
We each see a mirror reflect ourselves, in which we clearly catch sight of sins of our shortcomings or all sorts of bad. Even so, most of us act like dogs in the mirror, which means we think it's not us, but another dog, yell at the mirror.
看得见，却永远得不到
visible , but never get.
那些寄希望于未来，为之奋斗并仅仅生活于未来的人，对那种即将来临的事物总是翘首期盼、急不可耐，仿佛这是某种一经到手便可获得幸福的东西，尽管那些人聪明绝顶、气度非凡。
Those who hope for the future, and strive for it, and live only in it, are impatient for that which is yet to come, as if it was something which is can get happiness from it directly, although those people are extremely intelligent and magnanimous.
严格来说，他们不过是一头驴子，被人骑在身下，看着近在眼前的稻草，一种希望最终得到草料的冲力支撑着他们，从而急急忙忙地紧追不舍。
Strictly speaking, they were only donkeys, ridden under peole. Looking at the straw in front of them, supported by a rush of hope that they would eventually get the straw, and rushing after the thing that was always right in front of them, and which they had been trying to get
那种事物总是恰好就在他们的前面，而他们则一直在试图得到它。
That thing was always right in front of them, and they were always trying to get it
把心安顿在当下
Settle in the present moment
我们既不应该因牵挂未来而思绪不宁、焦虑企盼，也不应该沉湎于对往事的追悔惋惜，而应该牢牢记住：唯有现在才是实在的、确定的；未来总是无一例外地使我们的希望落空；过去也常与我们曾经预料的相去甚远。总之，无论是未来还是过去都不及我们的想象。
We should neither be restless,expecting and anxious about the future, nor should we dwell on regrets over the past. Instead, we should remember that the present is the only certainty. The future has invariably disappointed our hopes; In short, neither the future nor the past is as good as we can imagine.
同样的物体，由于间距，在肉眼看来要小一些，但思想则可以把它想象得很大。
The same object is smaller to the naked eye because of the distance between them, but the mind can imagine it to be much larger
只有现在是真实可行的；它是唯一富有现实性的时刻，正是在这绝无仅有的时刻，我们的生存才是真实的。
Only now is it true; It is the only rich reality, it is in this unique moment, our existence is true.
因此，我们应当永远为此而充满欢乐，给它以应有的欢迎，并尽情享受这每一刻的快乐，由于充分意识到它的价值而摆脱了痛苦和烦恼。
therefore, we should be always full of joy, for it with due welcome to it, and enjoy every moment of happiness, and we can get rid of the pain and trouble under the fully realize the value of it .
倘若我们因对过去希望的落空愁眉不展，而对未来的前景焦躁不安，我们将无法做到这一点。
We will not be able to do this if we fret about the prospects of the future and frustrated about the hopes of the past.
各有各的风景，谁也不必羡慕谁
Each has its own scenery, we need not envy others
人类的快乐和幸福状况，往往可以和树林相比：从远处看去，觉得美丽。可是，如果走进里面，美感就消失了，再也找不到了。为什么我们时常羡慕别人，这就是原因。
Human's joy and happiness, often can be compared with the woods: from a distance, feel beautiful, but, if we walk into the inside, the beauty will disappear, which can no longer to be found .why we often envy others, this is the reason不要对抗人生的不确定因素
人生充满了不确定性；在一切方面都有这样多的痛苦，重担、灾难、危险，以致只有小心翼翼地掌握航向，避开暗礁险滩，才能完成一个平安与快乐的人生航程。
Life is full of uncertainty; There is so much pain, and so much peril, in all things, that a safe and happy voyage of life can be accomplished only by a careful mastery of the course, and by avoiding the hidden rocks and treacherous shoals.
一般来说，对于我们所了解的有关恶的恐惧，迫使我们陷入与之相反的恶。
In general, the fear of what we know about evil forces us into the opposite evil
比如说，孤寂的痛苦使我们陷入孤寂；我们用一种令人生畏的举动，换来轻率的自信，等等。
for example, the pain of loneliness drives us into loneliness; We trade an act of fear for an act of rashness, and so on.
为避免一种恶，而匆忙走向它的反面；对一些极不确定的事件，缺乏深思，做决定太鲁莽。
To avoid an evil, and rush to its opposite; A lack of thought and recklessness in making decisions about highly uncertain events.
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