昨天讲了应急无线电示位标，那今天就谈它的搭档，同是出身高大上，关键时候发挥无限能量的设备，SART搜救雷达应答器，它弥补了EPIRB定位精度的不足，缩短救助时间，同样在海上，船舶、平台遇险发挥着重要作用。光看人家的名字就上层次了，跟雷达是亲戚，并且还带有文明礼貌的词汇——应答器，那就谈谈这个SART 怎么使用、自检测试及安全公约的规定。
SART—Search and Rescue Radar Transponder。搜救雷达应答器实际上是一个被动触发式的雷达信号产生器，该设备开启后，在没有被雷达信号触发前，设备处于接收状态，当被3cm 导航雷达波触发以后，应答一个雷达信号，以在9GHz的雷达屏幕上形成有12个菱形辉点组成的直线来显示遇险者的方向，使搜救船舶和飞机非常容易就能够发现和辨别。其电池要求能够待机96h，遇到雷达的反射波后要连续发射8h，有效范围不但能对5n mile以内的，离海面15m高的船用雷达起反应，而且能够对3000英尺高、30n mile以内的、10KW的飞机雷达起反应。
说了半天，接下来，让大家看看它的庐山真面目吧~
是不是跟无线电示位标比较相似呢，要不说人家两是搭档呢，专业文件上说两者的区别是：由于示位标使用的是静止卫星，卫星与EPIRB之间的位置是不变的，因而不可能利用发射频率的多普勒移动效应用来测定位置，所以雷达应答器的使用可以解决。简易大白文化就是雷达应答器能在浓雾、黑夜等恶劣海况更加精确发现遇难者，并且让持有SART的幸存者知道是否有救助飞机、救助船舶靠近他们，给予希望。
a) Remove from bulkhead bracket， Release clip and lift SART from bracket.
b) To switch on:
Break the security tab away from the body of the SART； Rotate the switch ring clockwise (ie to the left) to the ON position marked by “1”.
a)从舱壁支架上拆下；松开卡子，取出雷达应答器。
b)转动开关：
从应答器机身上拉断安全销；顺时针（向左）旋转开关圈至标有1的“NO”位置（即可运行工作）
Regular testing of the SART is advised. The duration of the test should be limited to as short a time as possible as the SART response may be received by other vessels which are within range.There are no operational differences between TEST and ON modes; the rotary switch must be held in the TEST position, on release it returns to the OFF position.
定期测试搜救雷达应答器是需要的。自检测试只能进行很短时间，以避免附近船只上的雷达侦测到信号引起误会。测试模式和开启模式之间在操作上没有区别，旋钮开关应该在测试模式处，松开后旋钮开关回到OFF位置。
Rotate the switch ring anticlockwise (ie to the right) to the TEST position, and hold it in this position.
a) If the SART responds to the radar, the red light in the base of the SART will be continuously lit and the buzzer will sound every 2 seconds.
b) If the SART does not respond to the radar, the red light will flash every 2 seconds and the buzzer will not sound.
Switch off the SART by releasing the switch ring; check that it returns fully to the OFF position.
逆时针方向（向右）旋转开关圈至“TEST”测试位置，按住保持在此位置：
a)如果该雷达应答器接收到雷达信号时，应答器机身底部的红灯将连续亮着，并且每2秒发出声音，表示本台S4通过自检。
b)如果该雷达应答器没有接收到雷达信号，应答器机身底部的红灯每隔2秒闪烁一次，并且无任何声音。
旋转开关圈关闭雷达应答器，确保开关圈完全回到OFF位置。
雷达显示：
备注：
国际海上人命安全公约（SOLAS）第III章 救生设备和装置中关于雷达应答器的配置要求为：
At least one search and rescue locating device shall be carried on each side of every passenger ship and of every cargo ship of 500 gross tonnage and upwards. At least one search and rescue locating device shall be carried on every cargo ship of 300 gross tonnage and upwards but less than 500 gross tonnage. Such search and rescue locating devices shall conform to the applicable performance standards not inferior to those adopted by the Organization. The search and rescue locating devices shall be stowed in such location that they can be rapidly placed in any survival craft other than the liferaft or liferafts required by regulation 31.1.4. Alternatively one search and rescue locating device shall be stowed in each survival craft other than those required by regulation 31.1.4. On ships carrying at least two search and rescue locating devices and equipped with free-fall lifeboats one of the search and rescue locating devices shall be stowed in a free-fall lifeboat and the other located in the immediate vicinity of the navigation bridge so that it can be utilized on board and ready for transfer to any of the other survival craft.
每艘客船和每艘500总吨及以上的货船，每舷应至少配有1台雷达应答器。每艘300总吨及以上，但小于500总吨的货船应至少配有1台雷达应答器。该雷达应答器所符合的性能标准应不低于本组织通过的性能标准。雷达应答器应存放在能迅速放入任何救生艇筏的位置处（第31.1.4条要求的救生筏除外）。或者，应在每一救生艇筏上存放1台雷达应答器（第31.1.4条要求的救生艇筏除外）。在至少配有2台雷达应答器以及配备自由降落救生艇的船上，其中的一台雷达应答器应存放在一艘自由降落救生艇内，另一台存放在紧邻驾驶室之处，以便能在船上使用，并能便于转移至任一其他救生艇筏上。
1、anticlockwise [?nt?'kl?kwa?z] 逆时针方向
2、clockwise ['kl?kwa?z] 顺时针方向
3、liferaft ['la?fer?ft] 救生筏
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责任编辑：李晓晓，时
图文编辑：小帅
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