在所有的时间状语从句中,表示“一...就...”的句型是最多的,而且其中有些句型都是各类英语考试中常见的考点。本文旨在一网打尽这些考点,供大家参考;若有未尽之处,欢迎补充。
这个句型可以说是最为常见、考生们也最为熟悉的,但即便如此,也经常会出错。其出错的原因主要在于忽视了“主将从现”的原则。
限于篇幅,本文只讨论as soon as在两种大时间背景下的用法,即现在时间和过去时间。
所谓现在时间,就是指立足现在来使用as soon as表达“一...就...”。这时,一定要注意运用“主将从现”的原则,即主句动词要采用一般将来时,从句动词要采用一般现在时,虽然此时这个动作是发生在将来的。如:
As soon as he comes here, I will tell him the good news.
句中的comes用的是一般现在时,但他现在还没来这儿,所以其实是将来动作。
需要注意的是,在这种情况下,主句还会有其他可能的用法,如祈使句或是带情态动词的句子。如:
As soon as he comes here, please tell him the good news. (主句为祈使句)
As soon as he comes here, we can set out for Shanghai. (主句含情态动词)
此外,当as soon as放到主句后面时,中间就不需要用逗号隔开了。如:
I will tell him the good news as soon as he comes here.
当as soon as用来描述过去发生的事情时,其主句动词一般采用一般过去时,其从句动词要么采用一般过去时,要么采用过去完成时。如:
As soon as he arrived here, she left at once. (两个动作的连续性较强,所以都arrive采用了一般过去时。)
As soon as he had finished his homework, he went to play basketball with Jack. (完成作业在先,打篮球在后,所以finish要用过去完成时。)
这两个句型是最为常考的,也是《新概念英语》经典版第二册中有关过去完成时新增的句型,从而区别于第一册中第一次出现的有关过去完成时的内容。
与as soon as不同的是,这两个句型只能用在过去时间的背景下。
这两个句型其实在用法上是完全一样的,即:hardly或no sooner所在句子的动词使用过去完成时,而when或than所在句子的动词则采用一般过去时。如:
She had hardly arrived home when it began to rain heavily.
She had no sooner arrived home than it began to rain heavily.
1、hardly...when...中的hardly可以用scarcely或rarely替换。
2、no sooner...than...中的than经常被错写成then。如果要避免犯错,只要记住前面是比较级sooner,所以后面要用的肯定就是比较级的标志性连词than。
3、因为hardly和no sooner都是否定副词或短语,所以一旦提到句首就会引起倒装。如:
Hardly had she arrived home when it began to rain heavily.
No sooner had she arrived home than it began to rain heavily.
英语里表“一...就...”的句型还有:
该句型的用法是:the moment/instant/second/minute 从句。如:
The moment it clears up, I will take the clothes outside to dry.
The moment he had finished his homework, the light went out.
该句型的用法是:该句型的用法是:the moment/instant/second/minute 从句。如:
Please let me know immediately she arrives in Shanghai.
该句型的用法是:该句型的用法是:once 从句。如:
Once you get started, you cannot stop half way.
该句型的用法是:on 动名词或动名词短语。如:
On hearing the tragic news, she burst into cries.
【注意】
除了on句型以外,以上句型的用法跟as soon as基本相同。
下面就来测试一下,是不是已经把上面讲的内容掌握了。测试的答案请在本文底部的留言里查看。
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