ORACLE常用命令大全
连接数据库
C:>SQLPLUS /NOLOG
SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBA
1.Oracle 关闭
SQL>SHUTDOWN (ABORT|IMMEDIATE|NORMAL)
2.Oracle 启动
SQL>STARTUP (REMOUNT|MOUNT|OPENT)
3.SQL> HELP SHOW
SHOW
----
Shows the value of a SQL*Plus system variable, or the
current SQL*Plus environment.
SHO[W] option
where option represents one of the following terms or clauses:
system_variable
ALL
BTI[TLE]
ERR[ORS] [{FUNCTION | PROCEDURE | PACKAGE | PACKAGE BODY | TRIGGER
| VIEW | TYPE | TYPE BODY | DIMENSION | JAVA CLASS} [schema.]name]
LNO
PARAMETERS [parameter_name]
PNO
REL[EASE]
REPF[OOTER]
REPH[EADER]
SGA
SPOO[L]
SQLCODE
TT[ITLE]
USER
SHOW SPOOL is not available in iSQL*Plus
4.TNSPING
TNS连接问题检测
TNSNAME.ORA
5.执行SQL Script
SQL>@C:\RUN.SQL
6.查看执行结果（开启/关闭）
SQL>SET ECHO ON(OFF)
7.常用配置
SQL>SET LINESIZE 1000
SQL>ECHO ON
SQL>SET TIMING ON
SQL>SPOOL C:\TEST.LOG
SQL>SELECT * FROM XXXXX
SQL>SPOOL OFF
8.授权
建立连接 GRANT CREATE SESSION TO USERNAME
移除连接 REVOKE CREATE SESSION TO USERNAME
其他授权
GRANT SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE ON SCOTT.EMP TO USERNAME
确认更改
SQL>COMMIT
9.更改密码
Alter user username identified by password
10.察看Datafile
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$DATAFILE
11察看结构
SQL>DESC V$DATAFILE
12,察看DB File
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$DBFILE
13.察看Tablespace
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$TABLESPACE
14.察看SGA大小
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER SGA
15.更改 SGA大小，
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET SHARED_POOL_SIZE=..M
16.察看CONTROLFILE
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$CONTROLFILE
17察看REDO LOG
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$CONTROLFILE
18.察看所有的用户
SQL> SELECT USERNAME FROM DBA_USERS
19.在Offline状态下搬迁数据库文件
关闭数据库
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
搬迁数据文件
连接数据库
SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBA
SQL>STARTUP MOUNT
SQL>Alter database rename file ‘e:\.......’ to ‘c:\.......’
SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN
SQL>SHUTDOWN
删除旧的数据文件
20.更改ONLINE REDO LOG
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
================================================================================================================
检查数据库连通
C:\DOCUMENTS AND SETTINGS\YINGLINHAI> TNSPING
数据库侦听
C:\DOCUMENTS AND SETTINGS\YINGLINHAI> lsnrctl
查看SID
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$INSTANCE;
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$DATABASE;
SQL> / 执行上个操作命令
SQL> EDIT读取命令缓存区
查看语言配置
SQL> show parameters nls
SQL> select * from V$NLS_PARAMETERS
查看启动参数文件
SQL> show parameters spfile;
查看数据块配置大小
SQL> show parameters db;
查看ORACLE版本
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$VERSION
显示所有组建版本
SQL> select * from product_component_version;
配置输出日志
SQL> spool c:\testora.log
SQL> spool off
切换归档日志
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT;
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;
查看数据库对象结构
SQL> desc v$dbfile
查看Datafile
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$DBFILE;
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$DATAFILE;
查看所有的用户
SQL> SELECT USERNAME FROM DBA_USERS
查看控制文件
SQL> select * from v$controlfile;
设置输出的行宽
SQL> set linesize 20000
查看REDOLOG文件
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$LOGFILE;
查看表空间
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$tablespace;
手动删除归档日志后，同步CATALOG
SQL>CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL
SQL>CHANGE ARCHIVELOG ALL CROSSCHECK
