二、从句的构成
任何从句都可以转化为
这三种情况之一
情况一：引导词+定语从句
情况二： 引导词+定语
情况三：引导词+三个句型之一
引导词
就是when、where、who、how、why
if、 what、which、that等
引导词的作用是引导和连接
叶子末端的茎长在树干里
叶与树干就连接起来了
常见引导词的转化
where 相当于 the place where
when ······ the time when
which ······ something that
what ······ something that
who ······ someone that
why ······ the reason why
how ······ the way
主语从句
情况一：引导词+定语从句
What we need is time.
what 可转化为something that
我们需要的某个东西
Something that we need is time.我们需要的东西是时间。
Why he didn't come is unknown.
why 可转化为the reason why
the reason （why） he didn't come is unknown.
他没有来的原因是未知的。
情况二：引导词+定语
How to educate a child is a problem to me.
如何教育子女，对我而言是难题
How to educate a child转化为the way （how） to educate a child
教育子女的方法
The way to educate a child is a problem to me.
教育子女的方法对我而言是难题。
非谓语动词短语作定语
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
That he was a criminal surprised us all.
他是罪犯的事实把我们惊呆了。
Whether we will go shopping is unknown.
我们明天是否去购物是个未知数。
宾语从句
情况一：引导词+定语从句
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
when转化为 the time when
He didn't tell me the time when we should meet again.
情况二：引导词+定语
I don't know what to do.
我不知道怎么做。
something to do
非谓语动词短语作定语
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
I heard that you're settled down.
我听说你已心有所属。
I know (that) he is working hard.
我知道他很努力工作。
He asked me whetherI was a teacher.
他问我是否是一名教师。
表语从句
情况一：引导词+定语从句
The problem is when we can get a pay rise.
问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。
when 可以转化为 the time when
情况二：引导词+定语
The problem is what to do.
问题在于做什么。
what 可转化为something
the problem is something to do.
非谓语动词短语作定语
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
His suggestion is that we should stay calm.
他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。
定语从句
情况一：引导词+定语从句
引导词前的词叫做先行词
定语从句不完整，加上先行词句子结构才完整
This is the place which we visited last time.
we visited the place last time
全句可以摘除（引导词+定语从句）,主句结构不受影响
This is the place where we once lived.
we once lived in the place.
where 相当于 介词+which
此句由表语从句转化而来
This is where we once lived.
还有that、who、when、why、how等
已在其他从句中转换过。
状语从句
犯罪现场是状语从句最浓缩的场景
对动作进行空间、时间、逻辑关系的限定
可分为
时间、地点、
条件、目的、原因、结果、让步等从句
地点状语从句
情况一：引导词+定语从句
I stand where I usually read books.我站在平时读书的地方。
where 可转化为 the place where
stand为不及物动词，the place where前需加介词
定语从句为：
I stand in the place where you usually read a book.
时间状语从句
情况一：引导词+定语从句
I remember when she came to school.我记得她来学校的时间。
when 可转化为 the time when
定语从句为：
I remember the time when she came to school
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
When you're gone,I am missing you.你走之后，我不停在想你。
Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。
Close the door before you leave the room.离开房间前记得关门。
I’ll call you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你打电话。
条件状语从句
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
Ifyou ask him,he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
I don't care who you are,where you're from,what you did,as long as you love me.
只要你能爱我，我就不在乎你是谁，来自哪儿，曾做过什么。
原因状语从句
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
I can’t get to sleep becauseyou are loud. 因为你太吵，我睡不着。
Since/As I have no money,I can’t buy it. 由于我没钱，我不能购买它。
He is absent today, for he is ill..他今天缺课了，因为他病了。
结果状语从句
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
让步状语从句
情况三：引导词+三大句型之一
Whereveryou go,whatever you do,I will be right here waiting for you.
无论你身在何方，无论你在做什么，我都会一直在这里等你。
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