前置定语与后置定语

在英语句子中，用来限定或修饰名词或代词的，不管是单词、短语还是句子，都被称为定语。

其中单词包括：形容词、名词、代词和数词。短语包括非谓语动词短语和介词短语。句子即定语从句。例如：

She is a shy girl. (形容词)

Give me a tea cup. (名词)

I lent my bike to Tom. (代词)

They have three sheep. (数词)

They will attend an very important football match. (形容词和名词)

 

Wang is a kind teacher teaching in a middle school. (非谓语之现在分词短语)

Wang is the first person to teach me how to learn English well. (非谓语之不定式短语)

Want recommended a film directed by Feng Xiaogang. (非谓语之过去分词短语)

Give me the book in your hand. (介词短语)

 

The news that he lost his bike in the school surprised me a lot. (定语从句)

 

按照定语的位置分析，定语可以分前置定语和后置定语。如例句所示，一般情况下，单词只能够做前置定语，短语和句子只能够做后置定语。

但是，在英语语法中，会出现一些特殊情况，王老师只提两种常见的情况：

第一种，形容词做不定代词的后置定语。

I have something important to tell you.

important修饰不定代词something.

There is something strange in the water of the well.

strange修饰不定代词something.

 

第二种，副词做后置定语。这些副词通常表示地点和时间，如：here, there, then, now等。

The air there is very fresh.

there修饰air.

The price of the building around is rising.

around修饰building

People now are so busy that the time used to communicate with family and friends becomes less and less.

在上句中，now代表副词修饰名词做后置定语；used to communicate with family and friends代表过去分词短语修饰名词time做后置短语。