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高热性猪病的诊断与防治

    高热性猪病的诊断与防治

     作者:王功高

    高热性猪病常见于夏秋季节,多以稽留热或反复高热为主要特征。由于发病原因复杂,在无法确诊的情况下常 以无名高热称之。病猪体温大多升至41以上,发病率约占全年的70%左右。临床上,应根据猪瘟、猪丹毒、猪肺疫、仔猪副伤寒、猪败血性链球菌病、猪弓形体病、猪流感、猪附红细胞体病、蓝耳病、圆环病毒病等常见高热性猪病的表现形式,加以鉴别,及时诊断,辩证施治,以免延误时机,造成重大经济损失。

    一、高热性猪病的诊断

    1.流行病学方面:

    流行病学鉴别诊断是对正在流行的猪病进行发病年龄、季节、流行情况的调查和分析。

    许多猪病在流行病学方面都存在一定差异。如:

    猪瘟、猪丹毒、猪肺疫、仔猪副伤寒,断乳仔猪多系统衰竭综合,多发于2-4月龄的断奶仔猪或小架子猪;传染性胸膜肺炎、猪败血性链球菌病多见于架子猪;

    急性猪肺疫或败血性链球菌病大多发病急、死亡快;

    猪弓形体病大多发生于气温在25以上季节,并且在3月龄左右的猪发病较多,除引进病猪外与猫有关系。

    is an effective shortcut to scientific and technological innovation. To active exploration 'research' joint innovation of path, through joint development, and technology cooperation, variety form, will University Hospital by of hi-tech results in I County for into, formed reality productivity; to relies on technology cooperation led economic structure upgrade, around I County industry layout, active docking University, and research hospital by, hi-tech research results, with external think tank, speed up transformation upgrade chemical, and mechanical, traditional industry, speed up life paper, and food, and textile, and mechanical tool, new products development, and technology development, and New process innovation, promoted related industry by single products to diversified extends, by General products to high-end products extends, promoted industry expanded capacity, and upgrade grade, nine Xin day of in cosmetics industry has near ten years of accumulation, and Nanjing Institute cooperation for industry upgrade, both joint development of 'Chinese God SOAP', take 'micro-business' mode for letter sale, products innovation and sales mode innovation are brings has good of benefits; to

1/5页

    仔猪副伤寒、猪链球菌病常与猪瘟并发;.

    单纯的猪流感常呈一过性,地区性流行;

    猪弓形体病、猪附红细胞体病、传染性胸膜肺炎常与圆环病毒病并发或继发。

    亚急性猪瘟病程较长。

    ,(病原学方面的诊断

    高热性猪病除猪瘟、猪流感、圆环病毒病、蓝耳病为病毒性传染外,其余几种均可通过血液涂片或组织切片等实验室检查方法查出病原体,且细菌、原虫、立克次氏体等病原体均有各自形态和生化特征。如在高倍镜或油镜下:

    弓形体为月牙形或逗点形;

    附红细胞体为圆球形,多形态的发亮的小体(

    猪丹毒杆菌为革兰氏阳性小杆菌;

    链球菌为革兰氏阳性短链状球菌;

    巴氏杆菌、副伤寒杆菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌。

    3.临床症状方面的诊断:

    几种高热性猪病,除了高温稽留或反复高热,以及耳、腹下、四肢内侧皮肤出现充血、出血斑点外,各种猪病也有不同的临床表现.如:

    仔猪副伤寒多发生于断奶后不久的仔猪、病猪多拉淡黄色、恶臭的稀粪,有时呈水样;

    is an effective shortcut to scientific and technological innovation. To active exploration 'research' joint innovation of path, through joint development, and technology cooperation, variety form, will University Hospital by of hi-tech results in I County for into, formed reality productivity; to relies on technology cooperation led economic structure upgrade, around I County industry layout, active docking University, and research hospital by, hi-tech research results, with external think tank, speed up transformation upgrade chemical, and mechanical, traditional industry, speed up life paper, and food, and textile, and mechanical tool, new products development, and technology development, and New process innovation, promoted related industry by single products to diversified extends, by General products to high-end products extends, promoted industry expanded capacity, and upgrade grade, nine Xin day of in cosmetics industry has near ten years of accumulation, and Nanjing Institute cooperation for industry upgrade, both joint development of 'Chinese God SOAP', take 'micro-business' mode for letter sale, products innovation and sales mode innovation are brings has good of benefits; to

2/5页

    猪瘟则从病猪钻草窝、病程长、分泌浓性眼屎,公猪包皮积尿、先便秘后拉稀或交替进行等方面加以识别,药物治疗无效也是一个特点。

    根据皮肤出现特殊性的充血、出血疹块很容易识别猪丹毒;

    产生呼吸困难的疾病包括猪肺疫、猪弓形体病、猪流感、传染性胸膜肺炎等,其中患猪流感病的病猪一般呼吸加快,很少见到犬坐式呼吸,且流清水样的鼻液;

    猪肺疫病猪常喉头、颈部肿胀,触之有热痛感;

    副猪嗜血杆菌病引起的胸膜肺炎病,呼吸极度困难,口鼻流出淡红色分泌物,可在短期内死亡。

    皮炎肾病综合症在皮肤上有特殊的病变,圆形或不规则的凸起,中间有一黑点,蓝耳病会引起母猪流产、死胎。

    可从皮肤黏膜苍白、贫血、黄疸来识别猪附红细胞体病。

    4.剖检变化方面的诊断

    猪高热症可通过剖检病变组织器官,根据各疫病的特征性病变,以鉴别,并以此作为初步诊断的依据。如:

    猪瘟一般根据病变淋巴结横切面的大理石样花纹,脾脏远端的出血性梗死,喉头出血,膀胱点状出血,肾脏在苍白不肿胀背景上的小点状出血以及盲结肠的纽扣状溃疡来断诊。

    猪丹毒可从樱桃红色肿大的脾脏、皮肤有方形、菱形等疹块以及心内膜有菜花状赘生物等方面与其他疾相区别;

    is an effective shortcut to scientific and technological innovation. To active exploration 'research' joint innovation of path, through joint development, and technology cooperation, variety form, will University Hospital by of hi-tech results in I County for into, formed reality productivity; to relies on technology cooperation led economic structure upgrade, around I County industry layout, active docking University, and research hospital by, hi-tech research results, with external think tank, speed up transformation upgrade chemical, and mechanical, traditional industry, speed up life paper, and food, and textile, and mechanical tool, new products development, and technology development, and New process innovation, promoted related industry by single products to diversified extends, by General products to high-end products extends, promoted industry expanded capacity, and upgrade grade, nine Xin day of in cosmetics industry has near ten years of accumulation, and Nanjing Institute cooperation for industry upgrade, both joint development of 'Chinese God SOAP', take 'micro-business' mode for letter sale, products innovation and sales mode innovation are brings has good of benefits; to

3/5页

    从大肠黏膜弥散性、麸皮状的坏死物(常使肠壁增厚)来识别仔猪副伤寒;

    从喉头肿胀、出血、肺门及支气管淋巴结肿胀、出血以及肺的肿胀,肝变及大理石样的花纹等病变来识别猪肺疫;

    从病猪全身性淋巴结肿大出血,肺水肿出血及暗红色光泽,脾有丘状出血点,肝有灰黄色坏死灶来识别猪弓形体病;

    从严重的胸膜、肺膜纤维素性渗出、粘连,气管内有泡沫样浅红色黏液来识别猪传染性胸膜肺炎。

    猪链球菌病与附红细胞体病均有血液稀薄、凝固不良的表现,但附红细胞体病常表现出皮肤及黏膜苍白,全身性黄疸,肝呈现黄棕色,脾呈黄灰色,肾苍白肿大等症状,很容易与猪链球链病区别诊断。

    二、高热性病的防治:

    在对夏秋季节的猪高热性疫病鉴别诊断基础上做好防治工作。

    ,、 要加强预防,防重于治,半数以上猪热症可用疫苗来预防。

    ,、 要确定正在流行的疫病的性质,制订出相应的扑灭疫情和

    抢救病猪的治疗方案,如有猪瘟、蓝耳病等可实施紧急预防注

    射。

    ,、 在发病早期进行药物治疗,越早效果越好,药物治疗原则

    是:

     抗病毒药与抗菌药相配合进行治疗;

     注射用药与口服用药相结合进行治疗,猪发病时一定要做

    到一头猪一个针头;

    is an effective shortcut to scientific and technological innovation. To active exploration 'research' joint innovation of path, through joint development, and technology cooperation, variety form, will University Hospital by of hi-tech results in I County for into, formed reality productivity; to relies on technology cooperation led economic structure upgrade, around I County industry layout, active docking University, and research hospital by, hi-tech research results, with external think tank, speed up transformation upgrade chemical, and mechanical, traditional industry, speed up life paper, and food, and textile, and mechanical tool, new products development, and technology development, and New process innovation, promoted related industry by single products to diversified extends, by General products to high-end products extends, promoted industry expanded capacity, and upgrade grade, nine Xin day of in cosmetics industry has near ten years of accumulation, and Nanjing Institute cooperation for industry upgrade, both joint development of 'Chinese God SOAP', take 'micro-business' mode for letter sale, products innovation and sales mode innovation are brings has good of benefits; to

4/5页

     重病猪应坚持静注,不要怕麻烦进行肌注;

     坚持中西药结合用药进行治疗(

     病猪要隔离,全群要消毒,猪舍要通风、降温。

     可用公司的下列药物组合

     呼吸道症状明显时,可用支原净、氟苯尼考、拌料(

     猪弓形体病症状明显时可用磺胺六甲或弓附(青蒿末)

     治疗病猪时用注射液的搭配

    金肽抗毒,万能头孢、热毒冰针分注

    混感快克(不再用退热药)

    清开灵100

    

    is an effective shortcut to scientific and technological innovation. To active exploration 'research' joint innovation of path, through joint development, and technology cooperation, variety form, will University Hospital by of hi-tech results in I County for into, formed reality productivity; to relies on technology cooperation led economic structure upgrade, around I County industry layout, active docking University, and research hospital by, hi-tech research results, with external think tank, speed up transformation upgrade chemical, and mechanical, traditional industry, speed up life paper, and food, and textile, and mechanical tool, new products development, and technology development, and New process innovation, promoted related industry by single products to diversified extends, by General products to high-end products extends, promoted industry expanded capacity, and upgrade grade, nine Xin day of in cosmetics industry has near ten years of accumulation, and Nanjing Institute cooperation for industry upgrade, both joint development of 'Chinese God SOAP', take 'micro-business' mode for letter sale, products innovation and sales mode innovation are brings has good of benefits; to

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