商务复杂长句的翻译

汉语复杂长句是指字数较多、结构复杂、语义层次多的句子。在商务汉译英过程中，对于复杂长句的翻译一般采取以下几种方法：

1. 顺译法

如果汉语复杂长句与英文复杂长句表达的意义且语序基本一致，翻译时可按照汉语句子的顺序译成英文，且保持原句的风貌。

例1 请你方考虑，今后货物已经订妥，就不可撤销，我们认为，这样才有助于更好地合作。

译文：We would like to have your consideration that, in the future, orders once placed are not to be cancelled afterwards, which, we think, will be conductive to better cooperation.

例2 上海针织公司由37家企业组成，生产规模大，且拥有众多名牌产品，如“菊花”牌、“鹅”牌和“三枪”牌，公司每年的销售额高达13亿人民币。

译文：Shanghai Knitting Corporation is made up of 37 enterprises and enjoys a broad production scale, and with several well-known local brands such as“Mum” “ Swan ” and “ Three Guns ”，which has annual sales volume of about 1.3 billion RMB.

2. 分译法

所谓分译就是把原文长句分译成两句或两句以上。汉语句子之所以要分译，是因为汉语句子结构比较松散，而英语句子比较严谨。分译长句时，首先要透彻理解原文，仔细体会作者思路，分析句子内部的关系,然后再根据英语句子的表达习惯进行分译。

例3 订货时我们已经强调任何延误无疑增加货物的成本，故此，我们必须索回由此产生的损失费。

译文：While placing our order we emphasized that any delay in delivery would definitely add to the cost of the goods. That is why we have to raise a claim on refouds for the loss.

原文是一句话，而译文是两句话。

例4 我们对已到达的货物感到十分满意，如果你方能满足以下两个条件，我们将向你方大量订货：一是你们必须保证货物髙质量，二是我们要求按记账条款办理。是否同意，请速告知。

译文：We are fully satisfied with the goods having arrived. We shall place large orders with you if you can meet the following two conditions. First, you should guarantee the high quality of your goods. Second, we require open account terms. Please let us know if you are prepared to grand us these conditions.

3. 合并法

英语的特征之一是句子较长，多用复合句；而汉语则与之相反，多用短句、简单句。因此，在翻译的过程中，常需要把若干个汉语句子合并成一个英语长句。

例5 收支平衡定价法是许多公司采用的方法。它在一定意义上是公司将成本延伸，并考虑市场的一种方法，并且是决定公司的收入等于支出时的销售量，进而确定在某一特定价格时的损益平衡点的方法。

译文：Break-even pricing is a method in use by a number of firms which extends the cost approach somewhat along the road to considering the market, and also the metliod of determining the quantity of sales at which the firm's revenues will equal its costs identifying a break-even point at the specific price.

译文里用了两个定语从句“which... ”一个连词“and”，把汉语若干个句子译成一个长句。

合并句子常采用复合句，但有时复合句可能使子变得啰嗦，不如用分词和介词。 

例6 由于最近原棉涨价，使我方产品稍有提价，今后两周内，将由于上述原因，价格会普遍上涨。

译文：The recent advance in the price of raw cotton has compelled us to make a slight increase in the prices. We fear that, in the course of the next fortnight, there will be further increase all round, owing to the above mentioned cause.

4. 倒置法

由于汉英表达的差异，比如说汉语习惯按时间先后来表达句子，而英文则强调信息突出原则，根据信息主次来表达，因而，在翻译中文长句时有时需要采取倒置法，就是在翻译时往往要把原文的语序倒过来。

例7 中国在20世纪80年代实行改革开放，自那以后，中国发生了巨大的变化。

译文：Great changes have taken place in China since 1980's when the reform and opening policy was introduced.

5. 重组法

重组法是指在进行汉译英时，为了使译文流畅和更符合英语叙事论理的习惯，在弄清汉语长句的结构、弄懂原意的基础上，彻底摆脱原文语序和句子形式，对句子进行重新组合。

例8 必须把大量时间花在确保关键人物均根据同一情报和目的行事，而这一切对身体的耐力和思维能力都是一大考验。因此，一旦考虑成熟，决策者就应迅速做出决策。

译文：Decision must be made veiy rapidly; physical endurance is tested as much as perception, because an enormous amount of time must be spent making certain that the key figures act on the basis of the same information and purpose.

例9 投标人所报的投标价在合同执行期过程中是固定不变的，不得以任何理由予以变更。根据本通知第24条的规定，以可调整的价格提交的投标文件将作为非响应性投标而予以拒绝。

译文：A tender price offered by a tenderer shall remain unchanged during the performance of the Contract，but shall not be modified becanse of any reasons. According to Clause 24 of the Notice, tender documents containing any adjustable prices will be rejected as non-responsive tenders.

6. 综合法

我们在翻译过程中，单用某种翻译技巧无法译出时，应着眼篇章，釆用综合法，以逻辑分析为基础，同时使用转换法、倒置法、增译法、省译法、拆句法等多种翻译技巧的方法。

例10 欧洲联盟应该怎样做才能对欧洲的电影电视工业有所贡献，使它在国际市场上具有竞争能力，使它有能力发挥欧洲文化的影响，并且能够在欧洲创造更多的就业机会呢？

译文：How can the European Union contribute to the development of a European film and television program industry which is competitive in the world market, forward-looking and capable of radiating the influence of European culture and of creating jobs in Europe?

例11 由一家在中华人民共和国国内或国外信誉好的银行用招标文件提供的格式或招标机构接受的其他格式出具的银行保函、不可撤销的备用信用证，其有效期应超过投标有效期三十(30)天。

译文：A bank that enjoys good reputation in or outside the People's Republic of China issues a letter of guarantee and an irrevocable stand-by letter of credit in the form provided by the tender invitation documents or in a form that is acceptable to Tenderee , the valid period being thirty ( 30 ) days more than the valid period of the tender.