在常规施氮量的基础上减少 30%氮肥施用量可以维持我国三大作物的产量;不同的土壤性质和管理措施,减氮后作物的产量存在一定的变异性。因此,氮肥减施需要根据土壤肥力状况的管理措施进行调整,从而实现高产高效。
(最上方和最下方的线段分别表示数据的最大值和最小值,其中箱形图的上方和下方的线段分别表示数据中 25%和 75%的数值,箱图中的线段表示数据的中位数,箱图里面的圆圈表示数据的平均数,实心圆点表示施氮量的分布。下同)
(The upper and lower limits of each box represent the 25% and 75%percentiles parameters’ values. The horizontal line in the center of the box indicates the median. The open circle indicates mean values. The solid dot indicates the distribution of nitrogen application. The same as below.)
图2.不同氮肥减施比例下水稻产量
Fig. 2 Rice yield under different nitrogen fertilizer reduction ratios
图3. 不同常规施氮量下氮肥减施比例对作物产量的影响Fig. 3 Effect of reduced nitrogen ratios on crop yield under different nitrogen levels of farmer practice
图4. 不同氮肥减施比例下的小麦产量
Fig. 4 Wheat yield under different nitrogen fertilizer reduction ratios
图5. 不同氮肥减施比例下的玉米产量
Fig. 5 Maize yield under different nitrogen fertilizer reduction ratios
图6. 不施氮肥区产量水平对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响
Fig. 6 The effect of yield without nitrogen input area on the crop yield following reduced nitrogen application
图7. 土壤全氮含量对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响
Fig. 7 The effect of soil total nitrogen content on the crop yield following reduced nitrogen application
图8. 土壤有机质的含量对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响
Fig. 8 The effect of soil organic matter content on the crop yield following reduced nitrogen application
图9. 土壤酸碱度对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响
Fig. 9 The effect of soil pH on the crop yield following reduced nitrogen application
图10. 种植制度对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响
Fig. 10 The effect of cropping systems on the crop yields following reduced nitrogen application
图11. 不同肥料种类对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响
Fig. 11 The effects of different fertilizer types on the crop yield following reduced nitrogen application
图12. 灌溉和雨养管理对氮肥减施后作物产量的影响Fig. 12 The effects of irrigation and rainfed on the crop yield following reduced nitrogen application
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