Environmental Pollution：土壤-植物(玉米)-人体污染途径微量元素污染健康风险...

东北师范大学生命科学学院张振兴团队测定了石油化工企业附近农田土壤-植物（玉米）-人类污染途径中的代表性微量元素污染状况。相关成果发表于Environmental Pollution（IF=5.714）。

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Highlights

·Studied soils were mildly to moderately polluted by Cd, Cu, Zn and Pb.

·Maize grain was threatened mainly by Zn, Cd and Cu.

·Exposure to studied trace elements through soil ingestion showed no risk.

·Hazard Index for children was higher than adults on noncarcinogenic risks.

·Risk assessment indicated As, Cr and Cd as predominant risk factors by maize intake.

Abstract

The trace elements contamination of agricultural soils near petrochemical industry complexes is a concern due to the risk of accumulating in food systems and subsequently affecting human health. We measured representative trace elements (Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, Pb, Hg and As) through the soil-plant (maize)-human contamination pathway near a petrochemical industry complexes in an agricultural region from September 20 to 28, 2016. We found that the soil was mildly to moderately polluted by multiple trace elements, which was also confirmed by the contamination factor and enrichment factor values. Cd (enrichment factor = 2.28), Cu (2.75), Zn (1.85) and Pb (1.70) should be given more attention and prioritized over the other trace elements due to their higher potential risks. Furthermore, the trace elements contamination in maize grains was lower than the corresponding limits. The sequence of the transfer coefficient values was Zn > Cd > Cu > Hg > Ni > As > Cr > Pb. Maize grain safety was threatened mainly by Zn, Cd and Cu. There was no risk to humans through soil ingestion, while a potential health risk from maize grain consumption existed. Children were more sensitive than adults to the non-carcinogenic risks of maize grain consumption. Trace element As was found to be the priority metal for risk control. For carcinogenic risk, adults were more sensitive than children; As, Cr and Cd were the priority metals for risk control, with CR_maize values exceeding the risk threshold (1 × 10⁻⁴). Overall, strict, intensive monitoring, especially of Cr and Cd, and soil protection measures are needed to prevent any furthertrace elements contamination and to ensure food safety. This study also provides a reference for similar studies worldwide.

石油化工企业附近农业土壤的微量元素污染是一个令人关注的问题，因为它可能在食品系统中积累，进而影响人类健康。本研究于2016年9月20日至28日在一个石油化工企业工业区附近的农业用地，测定了土壤-植物（玉米）-人类污染途径中的代表性微量元素（Cu、Ni、Cr、Pb、Zn、Pb、Hg和As）污染状况。结果表明，土壤中存在多种微量元素轻度至中度污染，污染因子和富集因子值也证实了这一点。Cd（富集因子= 2.28）、Cu（2.75）、Zn（1.85）、Pb（1.70）等微量元素潜在风险较大，应重点关注。此外，玉米籽粒中的微量元素污染低于相应的限值。转移系数值依次为Zn > Cd > Cu > Hg > Ni > As > Cr > Pb。玉米籽粒主要受Zn、Pb、Cu的威胁。土壤中的微量元素对人体无危害，但食用玉米存在潜在的健康风险。儿童比成人对食用玉米籽粒的非致癌性风险更敏感。微量元素As被认为是最应当优先进行风险控制的重金属。成人对于致癌风险比儿童更敏感；As、Cr和Cd应当优先进行风险控制，CR_maize的值超过了风险阈值（1×10⁻⁴）。为了防止进一步的微量元素污染，应当对微量元素，特别是Cr和Cd，进行全面、严格、严密的监测，并采取土壤保护措施，以确保食品安全。本研究也为世界范围内类似的研究提供了参考。