俗话说得好，“不知妻美刘强东，悔创阿里杰克马，一无所有王健林，普通家庭马化腾”。然而你可曾好奇过，成功人士日理万机的生活到底是怎样的呢？忙碌烦闷到夜不能寐，还是高枕无忧一夜好眠呢？
穷人早已起床，富人还在睡觉
作者：Arwa Mahdawi
译者&导读：王旻彦
校对：朱星汉
笔记：杨婧娴
编辑：泮海伦
How a good night's sleep became the ultimate status symbol
一夜好眠如何成为身份地位的终极象征
本文选自 The Guardian | 取经号原创翻译
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Sleep deprivation used to be a badge of honor: a sign you were busy and important and very much in demand. Snoozing was losing and sleep was for wimps. Now, however, Arianna Huffington’s The Sleep Revolution, a call-to-bed that promises to transform your life, “one night at a time”, is a New York Times bestseller, and Huffington is crisscrossing the country urging people to “sleep their way to the top”.
在过去，睡眠不足曾是光荣的象征——表明你日无暇晷，重要性不言而喻，是社会需要的栋梁。打盹的人已然输在了起跑线上，睡眠不过是为弱者准备的。如今，阿里安娜·赫芬顿的著作《睡眠革命》却呼吁人们上床睡觉，承诺睡眠可以改变你的人生：“每个晚上都是一次改变”。此书登上了纽约时报畅销榜，而赫芬顿也在全国巡回签售，鼓励人们“睡出成功之路”。
badge /bædʒ/ n. something that shows that you have a particular quality (荣誉/勇气等的)标记
crisscross /ˈkrɪs krɒs/ v. to travel many times from one side of an area to another 多次往返于，来回奔波于
Meanwhile, the sleep industry has woken up big time and a slew of startups are reinventing where, when and how we sleep – as well as how much we’re prepared to pay for it. Companies like Casper are getting millions of dollars in funding to disrupt the mattress market. Sleep salons like YeloSpa let urbanites nap – just a $1 a minute!
与此同时，睡眠相关产业已如火如荼地发展起来，大量初创公司开始重新定义我们何时、何地、如何睡觉，以及我们准备为新的睡眠模式付多少钱。诸如Casper之类的公司得到了数百万美元的投资以求将床垫市场重新洗牌。而像YeloSpa这样的睡眠沙龙为城市居民提供了白天小憩的机会——居然每分钟只要1美元！
slew /sluː/ n. (slew of sth.)a large number of things大量,许多
For the more upmarket snoozer, luxury hotels are offering “sleep retreats”; north of $1,000 gets you dinner and a movie about sleep. You might want to pack your performance pajamas; a moisture-wicking cami for a cooler night’s sleep sets you back $66. And if you’re staying home, you can upgrade your bedroom with everything from a mattress cover ($249) with a sensor that tracks your sleep to a brainwave-monitoring sleeping mask ($299) that lets you nap more efficiently.
针对更高端市场的消费者，豪华酒店推出了“睡眠静养”服务：不仅提供晚餐，还包括一部关于睡眠的电影，全套价格不少于1000美元。也许你会想要带上你的功能睡衣，那么买吸湿排汗卡米背心吧，可以让你享受一晚清凉的睡眠，而且只需66美元。如果你正待在家里，也可以给卧室更新换代一番，从配有睡眠检测传感器的床垫罩（249美元），到可以让你打盹更有效率的脑电波检测睡眠面罩（299美元），一切皆可升级。
Sleep hasn’t just been corporatized – it has infiltrated corporations. A number of companies already boast nap pods and Huffington predicts that nap rooms in offices are going to be “as common as conference rooms” in the next two years.
睡眠不仅被商品化了，而且已经渗透进了公司内部的企业文化。许多公司已将午睡荚作为自己的宣传亮点，赫芬顿也预言道，在未来的两年内，办公室里的午睡间将“像会议室一样常见”。
So how did this happen? How did sleep, something humans have done since long before Huffington awoke to it, suddenly become so fashionable?
所以这一切是如何发生的呢？早在赫芬顿唤起人们对睡眠的重视之前，人们就开始睡觉了，然而这一概念为何突然与时尚挂上了钩？
A number of factors feed into the way we’re putting a higher value on sleep – both culturally and financially. Health and wellness have become more aspirational, for one.
我们将睡眠看得越来越重，是经济和文化双重作用的结果。对人们来说，身体健康正变成越来越高大上的追求。
feed into 插入，送进；输进(某人、某物)
Getting enough sleep is a natural fit for the sort of lifestyle in which paying $10 for green juice and $34 for a SoulCycle class is the norm. Then there’s the rise of the quantified self through wearable technology. Our bodies have become input/output devices that we monitor and optimize for greater efficiency, and sleep has become another data set to be tracked and hacked. What Huffington emphasizes about sleep, after all, is not that it rests you but that it restores you. Sleep, she says, is the ultimate performance enhancer.
充足的睡眠与高端的生活方式是天生一对。在这样的生活中，花10美元买绿色果汁，或是花34美元上一节SoulCycle的健身课，都是十分寻常的。另一方面，随着可穿戴技术的发展，自我量化也逐渐兴起。我们的身体已然成为了输入/输出设备，我们监控各项身体指标，希望获得效率的最大化，而睡眠不过是另一项可以被监测以及计算的数据集合。但赫芬顿强调的是，睡眠能让我们恢复活力，而非获得歇息。她说，睡眠是提高日常表现的终极手段。
The main reason sleep’s stock has gone up, however, is that very few people can actually afford to sleep much. Forget Birkin bags and superyachts: getting eight hours of rest has become the ultimate status symbol.
但是，睡眠这支股票一路高涨的主要原因还是在于其实只有极少数人能睡得起觉。忘记铂金包和豪华游艇吧，睡足八小时才是身份地位的终极象征。
You know how Arianna Huffington gets her eight hours? Well, for one thing, she has “nine or so” assistants, according to a recent New York Times profile. Huffington calls them her “A-Team”; they do everything from running her errands to planning her travel to loading the Huffington Post on her computer in the morning. According to the Times, most of the A-Team can only endure about 12 months of the work because it’s so taxing. The low pay also means many of them take second jobs. Basically, they don’t sleep so that Huffington can … and can sell books about it.
你知道阿里安娜·赫芬顿是如何睡够八小时的吗？一方面，根据纽约时报的人物报道，她有“大约九个”助理。赫芬顿把助理们称为她的“先遣队”。从跑腿，到计划旅游行程，再到每天早上将赫芬顿邮报加载到她的电脑上，他们负责一切大大小小的事务。纽约时报表示，先遣队的大多数成员只能坚持12个月，因为工作太过繁重，而较低的工资也意味着他们中的许多人需要再找第二份活干。正是因为助理们基本上不睡觉，所以赫芬顿才能睡觉，才可以热卖关于睡眠的书。
taxing /ˈtæksɪŋ/ adj. something that needs a lot of effort 繁重的，累人的，费劲的
“Sleep is one of humanity’s great unifiers,” writes Huffington in one of her many articles about sleep. But while the need for sleep may be one of humanity’s unifiers, the ability to actually get a good night’s sleep is emblematic of society’s great divisions.
赫芬顿在其中一篇关于睡眠的文章中写道，“睡眠是人类十分重要的共性。”但尽管如此，有没有能力真正睡个好觉，背后是巨大的阶层分化。
emblematic /ˌembləˈmætɪk/ adj. seeming to represent or be a sign of something 象征性的；标志性的
Getting enough sleep isn’t just a question of valuing sleep enough to go to bed at the right time; it’s a question of going to bed in the right neighborhood, and in the right body. Numerous studies show that you’re more likely to sleep poorly if you’re poor. It’s hard to sleep if you’re worried about your safety or haven’t had enough to eat. It’s hard to sleep if you’re one of the 15 million American shift workers who work irregular hours. Research has also found that there’s a black/white sleep gap. One study shows that while white people sleep an average of 6.85 hours, African Americans sleep an average of 6.05 hours. They also have a lower quality of sleep. Researchers have attributed this, in part, to the stress of discrimination.
睡饱觉并不是一个简单的是否足够重视睡眠、是否在该睡觉的时间上床的问题，而是一个关于能否在安全的社区入睡、是否拥有健康的身体的问题。不胜枚举的研究表明，穷人更有可能睡不好。倘若你需要担心自己的安全问题，或是吃不饱；又或者你是美国1500万轮班工人之一，工作时间极不规律，那显然很难睡好。研究也发现睡眠时间存在着黑/白种族分界。一项调查结果显示，尽管白人平均睡眠时间有6.85小时，非裔美国人平均睡眠时间却只有6.05小时，而且睡眠质量也更差。研究者认为，这要部分归结于歧视造成的焦虑。
Want to know who gets the most sleep and the best quality of sleep in America? Wealthy white women. Which, if I’d hazard a guess, is probably the same demographic Huffington is targeting her book at. Huffington positions her proselytization of sleep as a “revolution”, but really it’s a rebranding. Getting enough sleep is the new “leaning in”: advice for the 1% that ignores the socioeconomic elephant in the room. The very real sleep crisis we face isn’t down to a few rich people thinking it’s a waste of time; it’s down to the 99% not being able to afford to spend time sleeping. (Oh, in case you’re wondering, Sheryl Sandberg has endorsed Huffington’s book, saying “Sometimes we need to sleep in to lean in!” Sure! Just make sure to brief your assistants first.)
想知道在美国哪些人睡得最多、睡得最好吗？答案是富有的白人女性。如果我大胆地猜测一下，恐怕这也是赫芬顿此书的目标受众吧。赫芬顿称自己对睡眠本质的皈依为一场“革命”，但这不过是换汤不换药的把戏。书中写道，充足的睡眠是新的“向前一步”，然而这只是为那些对于如此明显的社会经济地位的分化视而不见的前1%的人出谋划策。我们所面临的真正的睡眠危机并不在于少数有钱人认为睡觉是浪费时间，而在于99%的人睡不起觉。（噢，为了满足你的好奇之心，雪莉·桑德伯格确实支持赫芬顿这本书所持的立场，并表示“有时我们需要通过睡眠来向前一步！” 言之有理！但别忘了先给你的助理们安排任务。）
hazard /ˈhæzəd/ v. to say something that is only a suggestion or guess and that might not be correct 冒昧提出；大胆猜测
While sleep is currently enjoying a moment, I’ve got a feeling it will be short-lived. Sleep may be a performance enhancer, but it’s an inefficient one. The real prize is finding a way to negate sleep deprivation so humans can function on less sleep. Unsurprisingly, the military is at the forefront of this research. In 2008, the Pentagon published a report called “Human Performance” which examined the possibility of a future in which soldiers could perform at their peak with only a couple of hours’ sleep. “Suppose a human could be engineered who slept for the same amount of time as a giraffe (1.9 hours per night). This would lead to an approximately twofold decrease in the casualty rate. An adversary would need an approximately 40% increase in the troop level to compensate for this advantage.” The report goes on to look at the effects of ampakines, a class of drugs that modulate neurotransmitters in the brain, to remove the effects of sleep deprivation.
虽然此刻人们很重视睡眠，但我有预感这股风潮将比较短命。睡眠可能提高日常表现，但并不高效。真正有价值的是找到彻底消弭睡眠不足这一问题的方法。如此一来，人类只需较少的睡眠便可维持身体机能的日常运作。不出所料的是，军方走在此项研究的最前线。2008年，五角大楼发布了名为“人类行为”的报告，探索未来士兵是否能仅依靠数小时的睡眠而长期保持巅峰状态。“想象一下，一个人类经过改造后只需要和长颈鹿相当的睡眠时间（每晚1.9小时），士兵伤亡率大约将下降为原来的二分之一。而敌方将需要增加约40%的军事力量才能与我方这一优势抗衡。”报告又接着讨论了安帕金这类通过调控大脑内神经递质，来消除睡眠不足造成的负面影响的药物的作用。
Eventually, humans will figure out a way to hack sleep. Spending a third of your life unconscious won’t be a luxury anymore; it‘ll be something only the poor will be forced to do. At which point we may need a whole new sort of sleep revolution.
人类最终会找到攻克睡眠问题的方法。三分之一的人生在无意识的睡眠中度过将不再是奢侈，反而会成为只有穷人才不得不过的生活。届时，我们可能会需要一整套全新的睡眠革命理论。
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