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美国俄亥俄州EVENDALE，2014年11月20日——用于波音777X飞机的GE9X发动机的第三代TAPS（双环预混旋流器） 燃烧室在部件试验中取得理想结果。
GE9X TAPS III燃烧室是一个独特的第三代燃烧系统，与传统燃烧系统相比，它使空气和燃油在燃烧前充分混合，以实现贫油燃烧及更少的排放。TAPS燃烧系统最初被采用在为波音787梦想飞机和747-8飞机提供动力的GEnx发动机上，其后，在CFM国际公司为窄体飞机提供动力的LEAP发动机上时，该第二代TAPS燃烧室的性能得到了进一步加强。
“GE9X的第三代TAPS燃烧室把燃烧技术提升到了新的高度。”GE90/GE9X发动机项目总经理比尔·米尔汉姆（BillMillhaem）表示。“自2011年开始，GE的工程师就开始研发GE9X 第三代TAPS燃烧室。该TAPS III燃烧室将采用增材制造技术生产的燃油喷嘴、新的燃烧室头部设计和陶瓷基复合材料（CMC）内外衬套，将提高燃烧室的耐久性，减少对冷却空气的需求，从而强化贫油燃烧过程。”
为了设计世界一流的低排放燃烧室，GE的工程师们成功地将该燃烧系统与GE史上最高压比为27:1的GE9X发动机相匹配。GE9X团队采用了新的技术和材料，在减少冷却空气需求的同时让更多空气进入混合器。这样，混合器中的额外空气有助于支持贫油燃烧，降低排放，这使GE9X发动机的氮氧化物排放量比CAEP/8标准要低30%。
第三代TAPS燃烧室的部件测试开始于2012年。今年九月，全尺寸环形燃烧室台架试验成功地验证了CMC燃烧室衬套的材料能力，这将是商用喷气发动机首次采用完整的CMC燃烧室衬套。这些衬套都经过了远超出实际运营条件的动态载荷水平测试。另外的全尺寸环形台架试验——包括GEnx和GE9X的缩比尺寸燃烧室——将在未来两年内进行。
未来还将进行的燃烧室试验包括一个GE9X燃烧室的扇形试验，该试验将在GE投资了1亿美元、正在俄亥俄州Evendale建设的占地面积为1800多平方米（20,000平方英尺）的燃烧试验台上进行。这个试验台计划于明年完工，将设有一个高约61米（200英尺）的不锈钢排气管和三个平行的环形和扇形试验的试验台。该试验台也将是首个试验条件能超出GE9X循环的试验台。
2014年，GE将在新的GE9X发动机技术成熟化试验项目上投入3亿美元。今年的试验项目包括在意大利马萨进行的高压压气机测试，以验证额外的燃油消耗改善；以及在华盛顿州西雅图波音公司的UPS试验中心进行的通用推进模拟器（UPS）风扇性能和声学测试。到今年年底，作为GE9X技术成熟化项目的一部分，GE航空集团将开始对高压涡轮和燃烧室均采用了CMC材料的GEnx发动机进行地面试验。
GE9X发动机的推力级将达到10万磅。其主要特性包括：直径为133英寸的复合材料风扇机匣和16个复合材料风扇叶片；新一代压比为27：1的11级高压压气机；可提高效率并降低排放的第三代TAPS III燃烧室；以及采用陶瓷基复合材料（CMC）的燃烧室和涡轮。自去年在波音777X飞机上启动以来，GE9X发动机的订单已达近700台。
首台核心机验证试验计划于2015年进行。首台发动机试验将计划在2016年进行，2017年将在GE的飞行试验台上进行飞行试验。发动机计划将于2018年取得适航证。
石川岛播磨重工业公司（IHICorporation）、斯奈克玛公司和航空航天技术公司（赛峰集团）以及MTU航空发动机公司均参与了GE9X发动机项目。
关于GE航空集团
GE航空集团是GE公司（纽约证券交易所：GE）的业务集团之一，是世界领先的民用、军用、公务和通用飞机喷气、涡桨、涡轴发动机、部件和集成系统的供应商。GE航空集团还拥有全球服务网络来支持这些产品。欢迎访问www.ge.com/aviation以获取更多GE航空集团信息。
English Version:
GE9X’s New TAPS Combustor
to Maintain Its Cool Under Fire
EVENDALE,OHIO – November 20, 2014 – Component testing of the TAPS III (twin-annularpre-mixing swirler) combustor for the GE9X engine for the Boeing 777X isdemonstrating promising results.
TheGE9X TAPS III combustor is a unique third-generation combustion system thatpre-mixes air and fuel prior to combustion for leaner burn and fewer emissionsthan conventional combustion systems. The TAPS combustion was introduced on theGEnx engine for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner and the 747-8 aircraft and wasenhanced for the TAPS II combustor in CFM International’s LEAP engine fornarrowbody aircraft.
“TheTAPS III combustor for the GE9X takes combustion technology to the next level,”said Bill Millhaem, general manager of the GE90/GE9X engine programs. “Since2011, GE engineers have been working the GE9X TAPS III combustor. The TAPS IIIcombustor will feature fuel nozzle tips manufactured using additive technology,along with a new combustor dome design and ceramic matrix composite (CMC) innerand outer liners, which will improve durability and require less cooling air toenhance the lean-burn combustion process.”
Todesign the world-class, low-emissions combustor, GE engineers successfullymatched the combustion system to the GE9X’s 27:1 pressure ratio, which is thehighest pressure ratio of any GE engine. The GE9X team utilized newtechnologies and materials that require less cooling air while allowing moreair into the mixer. The additional air in the mixer helps reduce emissions bycreating a leaner burn, which will enable the GE9X to have a 30% margin toCAEP/8 standards for NOx.
Componenttesting of the TAPS III combustor began in 2012. This September, a full annularrig combustor test successfully demonstrated the material capabilities of theCMC combustor liners, which will be the first continuous CMC combustor linersin a commercial jet engine. The liners were tested at dynamic loading levelswell beyond what it will experience in service. Additional full annular rigtesting, including GEnx- and GE9X-scale combustors, will be conducted duringthe next two years.
Otherfuture combustor tests include a GE9X combustor sector rig that will run inGE’s new $100 million, 20,000 square foot combustion test cell underconstruction in Evendale, Ohio. With a 200-foot-tall stainless steel exhauststack, the test cell is scheduled to be completed next year, with threeparallel test stands for single-cup and sector testing. The test cell will be aone-of-a-kind facility with the capability to push test conditions beyond theGE9X cycle.
GE will spend more than $300 million ontechnology maturation testing for the new GE9X engine in 2014. This year’stesting included additional high-pressure compressor testing in Massa, Italy,to demonstrate additional specific fuel consumption improvement, and theuniversal propulsion simulator (UPS) fan performance and acoustic tests atBoeing’s Seattle, Washington, UPS test cell. By year end, GE Aviation willstart ground testing of a GEnx engine incorporating CMCs in both thehigh-pressure turbine and combustor areas as part of the GE9X technologymaturation program.
TheGE9X engine will be in the 100,000 pound thrust class. Key features include a133-inch diameter composite fan case and 16 composite fan blades; anext-generation 27:1 pressure-ratio 11-stage high-pressure compressor; athird-generation TAPS III combustor for high efficiency and low emissions; andCMC material in the combustor and turbine.
Almost700 GE9X engines have been ordered by customers since it was launched on theBoeing 777X aircraft last year.
Thefirst demonstration core test is scheduled for 2015. The first engine will testin 2016 with flight-testing on GE’s flying testbed anticipated in 2017. Enginecertification is scheduled for 2018.
IHICorporation, Snecma and Techspace Aero (Safran), and MTU Aero Engines AG areparticipants in the GE9X engine program.
GE Aviation, an operating unit of GE(NYSE: GE), is a world-leading provider of jet and turboprop engines,components and integrated systems for commercial and military aircraft. GEAviation has a global service network to support these offerings. For moreinformation on GE Aviation, visit www.ge.com/aviation/.
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