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英文资料LESSON SEVENTEEN
THE STORY OF WILLIAM TELL
A long time ago the tiny country of Switzerland was ruled by Austria. But the Swiss did not take their fate lying down. Every week there was a rebellion somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions. The town of Altorf was particularly troublesome.
The emperor of Austria finally decided to teach the Swiss a lesson. He sent a special governor to Altorf, a man named Gessler, who would rule with a firm hand.
One of Gessler’s orders required all Altorfers to bow before him. Anyone who refused to bow was thrown into prison. Although most of the people bowed to Gessler, they spat into the dirt as they did so. So Gessler decided to get even tougher. He placed his hat on a pole in the marketplace and ordered the Altorfers to bow before it whenever they passed.
One day, William Tell, a famous hunter, came to Altorf with his little son. He saw that ten soldiers were stationed beside the pole. He knew about the order, and he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.
Holding his head high, he walked past the pole and the soldiers as if they didn’t exist. Immediately the soldiers surrounded him and his son, saying, “You must bow before the hat!”
“Why?”
“It’s an order!”
“It’s your order,” said William Tell, “not mine.”
“We’ll show you whose order it is,” said the soldiers, and they led the father and son to Gessler.
Even before the cruel governor himself William Tell did not bow. He held his son’s hand firmly to be sure that the boy did not bow either.
“You broke the law,” said Gessler.
“That is not my law,” said William Tell. “I am a citizen of Switzerland, not Austria.”
Gessler turned red with anger. He then thought of a plan to punish William Tell.
“You’re a hunter,” he said. “Well, we’ll see how good you are.” Picking an apple from a tree overhead, he turned to a soldier and said, “Take the boy one hundred paces down the street and place this apple on his head.” Then he ordered Tell to shoot at the apple with one of his arrows.
The people who had gathered around gasped at the cruelly of the order.
Without saying a word, William Tell drew two arrows. He looked at his son, one hundred paces away with an apple on his head. The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father.
“Turn around,” William Tell called to his son. “Look this way.”
The boy turned around and faced his father.
William Tell studied the two arrows, selected one, and placed it in his bow. Slowly he raised the bow, pulled back the cord, and after taking careful aim, let the arrow fly.
It split the apple in half!
The people raised a shout of joy. William Tell turned and looked calmly at Gessler.
“Congratulations!” said Gessler, sneering. “Now tell me why you took a second arrow.”
“If I had missed,” said William Tell, “and had shot too low, I was going to use this arrow on you.”
The story of the bravery of William Tell and his son quickly got round throughout Switzerland. It filled the hearts of the Swiss with pride and courage, and it was not long before the whole country rose up and drove the Austrian soldiers from their homeland.
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
William Tell威廉.泰尔（人名）
Switzerland n.瑞士
Swiss n.瑞士人 adj.瑞士的；瑞士人的
Austria n. 奥地利 Austrian adj.奥地利的；奥国人的 n.奥地利人
fate n.命运
rebellion n.叛乱；造反；反抗
somewhere adv.某处；在某处
put down扑灭，平息
Altorf n.阿尔托夫（瑞士一城市名）Altorfer n.阿尔托夫人
particularly adv. 特别，尤其
troublesome adj.令人烦恼的；讨厌的；管不住的
special adj. 特别的；特殊的；专门的
governor n.统治者；总督
Gessler n.盖斯勒（男名）
firm adj.牢固的；稳固的；坚决的adv.稳固地；坚定地 firmly adv.紧紧地；坚定地；牢固地
bow vi. & vt.鞠躬；屈服 n.鞠躬 n.弓；弓形物
although conj. (= though)虽然
dirt n.污物；灰尘
tough adj. 强硬的；粗暴的；结实的；困难的
pole n.杆；柱
marketplace n.市场
hunter n.猎人
station vt.驻扎；安置
exist vi.存在；生存
surround vt.环绕；包围
break the law违反法律
citizen n.市民；公民
anger n.怒，愤怒 turn red with anger因发怒而脸胀红
plan n. & vi.计划
punish vt. & vi.惩罚；处罚
pace n.（一）步（距离）；步速
arrow n. 箭
gasp vi. 喘息；喘气 gasp at 因为……（痛苦、惊奇等）而屏息（喘气）
cruelty n.残忍，残酷
study vt.仔细观察；仔细考虑
cord n.细绳，粗线；（弓的）弦
aim n.瞄准；目标；目的 vi. & vt. 瞄准，对准 take aim瞄准
split (split, spit) vt. & vi.劈开；分裂
calm adj.平静的；沉着的 calmly adv.平静地；沉着地
congratulation n.（常用复数）祝贺，庆贺
sneer vi. & vt. 轻蔑地笑；冷笑着说
bravery n.勇敢，大胆
courage n.勇气，英勇，胆量
rise up 起来反抗，起义
NOTES TO THE TEXT
1. William Tell威廉.泰尔是十四世纪瑞士民间传说中的民族英雄。
Gessler盖斯勒，传说是奥地利派往瑞士阿尔托夫城的总督。
2. But the Swiss did not take their fate lying down.但是瑞士人并不甘心接受被人征服的命运。
take … lying down的意思是“甘受（挑战，侮辱）”。
3. … and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions. ……而为了镇压起义，奥地利士兵被迫急急忙忙从一个城镇赶到另一个城镇。
4. Rule with a firm hand用铁的手腕统治
5. To get even tougher更加强硬起来
副词even用在比较级前表示强调，作“(比……)更加”、“还要”讲。又如：
It was hot yesterday, but it’s even hotter today.昨天热，可是今天更热。
6. … but he would have none of it. ……但是他根本不理这一套。
句中have作“容忍”、“允许”讲，一般用于否定句中。又如：
I won’t have you saying such things.我不容许你讲这样的话。
none在这里有“一点也不”的意思。
7. He held his son’s hand firmly to be sure that the boy did not bow either.他紧握儿子的手，以确保孩子也不鞠躬。
此处to be sure相当于in order to be sure.
8. The people who had gathered around gasped at the cruelty of the order.聚集在周围的人们听到这道残酷的命令，倒抽了一口凉气。
9. … William Tell drew two arrows. ……威廉.泰尔抽出了两支箭。
draw在这里作“抽出”、“拔出”讲。
10. The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father.士兵们让他背对着他父亲站着。
have 在这里意思是“叫或让”。又如：
The old lady had the girl sit beside her.老妇人让那个女孩坐在她身旁
Mother had me post the letter immediately. 妈妈叫我立即把信寄出去。
11. Look this way.向这边看。
名词way在这里表示“方向”。又如：
This way, please. 请这边走。
He went that way.他往那边去了。
12. … let the arrow fly. ……把箭射出去了。
13. It split the apple in half! 它（箭）把苹果劈成两半！
14. The people raised a shout of joy.人们大声喝彩。
15. “If I had missed,” said William Tell, “and had shot too low, I was going to use this arrow on you.” “万一我没射中，”威廉.泰尔说，“或者射得太低了，我打算用这支箭射你。”
介词on在这里有“向着……”，“对着……”的意思。又如：
Tom hit Bob on the head.汤姆打了鲍勃的头。
16. … and it was not long before the whole country rose up and drove the Austrian soldiers from their homeland.不久，全国人民奋起反抗，把奥地利军队从他们的国土上赶了出去。
EXERCISES
Ⅰ. Answer the following questions:
1. By what country was Switzerland once ruled?
2. Did the Swiss take their fate lying down? What did they often do?
3. Who was Gessler?
4. What was one of Gessler’s orders? Did all the Altorfers obey the order?
5. What did Gessler decide to do then?
6. Who came to Altorf one day?
7. What did William Tell do about the order?
1）Did he know about the order?
2）How did he walk past the pole and the soldiers?
3）What did the soldiers do then?
4）Did William Tell bow before Gessler?
8. What was the cruel plan Gessler thought of to punish William Tell?
9. Was the boy frightened when the soldiers made him stand with an apple on his head?
10. Why did William Tell tell his son to turn around?
11. Why did William Tell draw two arrows before he shot?
12. Did the first arrow hit the apple?
13. What happened not long after this?
Ⅱ. Retell briefly the story of William Tell, using the ideas given below:
1. William Tell came to Altorf …
2. A pole was placed in the market …
3. People were ordered to bow …
4. William Tell would not bow …
5. He was caught …
6. Gessler thought out a cruel plan …
7. William’s son was brave …
8. The apple was split in half …
Ⅲ. For each word in Column A find a phrase of similar meaning in Column B
A B
1.somewhere 1.an open area where people meet to buy and sell goods
2.pole 2.at any time
3.marketplace 3.a step in walking
4.whenever 4.divide something into parts
5.punish 5.a long stick
6.pace 6.in (at or to) some place unknown
7.split 7.make a person suffer for the wrong things he has done
Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with rise or raise:
1. The sun when we got to the top of the mountain.
2. Slowly he his bow and began to take aim at the bird.
3. Steam from very hot water.
4. Solids can usually be turned into liquids and liquids into gases if we their temperatures high enough.
5. Prices every day in those countries.
6. He his voice so that everybody could hear him.
7. The people who were watching TV a shout of joy when they saw that the Chinese Football Team had won.
8. The villagers up and fought bravely against the enemy.
Ⅴ. Make sentences after the models, then put them into Chinese:
A. Model: She is going to … (repair, her bike) →
She is going to have her bike repaired.
她要去修自行车。
1. He is going to … (cut, his hair)
2. I have just … (take out, a tooth)
3. Have you …? (dye, the cloth)
4. You can … here. (take, photos)
B. Model: The night before the procession, the two men … all night long. (burn, their lights)→
The night before the procession, the two men had their lights burning all night long.
在举行游行的头天晚上，这两个人让灯通夜亮着。
1. It was very cold. We … all the time. (burn, the fire)
2. This is the busiest season. They … day and night. (work, the tractor)
3. Don’t … so fast. (run, the horse) You might hurt yourself.
4. Why do you … about her? (say such things, him)
C. Model: The soldiers … with his back to his father. (stand, the boy) →
The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.
1. They … at the meeting. (talk freely, the young people)
2. You shouldn’t … (do that, him)
3. The teacher … the papers. (hand out, the monitor)
4. The rich lady … with the servants. (eat, the singer)
Ⅵ. Pick out the gerunds in the following passage:
I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. It was no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I stopped walking and turned to him. I never enjoy meeting Bert Hall. He seems to have nothing to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on coming with you. I had to think of a way of preventing him from following me around all morning.
“Hello, Bert,” I said. “Fancy（真想不到）meeting you here!”
“Hello, Jane,” Bert answered. “I was just wondering how to spend the morning until I saw you. You’re not busy doing anything, are you?”
“No, not at all,” I answered. “I’m going to …”
“Would you mind my coming with you?” he asked, before I had finished speaking.
“Not at all,” I lied, “but I’m going to the dentist（牙医）.”
“Then I’ll come with you,” he answered. “There’s always plenty to read in the waiting room!”
Ⅶ. Translate the sentences in Column Ⅰ into Chinese and those in Column into Ⅱ English:
Ⅰ Ⅱ
1. They taught the governor a lesson by 1. 如果敌人敢来，我们就给他们一个教训。
giving him a good beating.
2. Those who break the law shall be punished 2. 她犯了法，被关进了监狱。
3. It was not long before everyone came to 3. 不久瑞士全国举行起义，把奥地利士兵从他们的
know him. 国土上赶了出去
4. The story of Kate’s bravery got round 4. 这令人兴奋的消息很快传遍了全城。
quickly throughout the country.
5. He looked as if nothing had happened. 5. 他看上去似乎对这件事一无所知。
6. Dr. Bethune continued his operation 6. 皇帝在镜子面前转过来转过去地照着，好象他非常
calmly as if there was no danger at all. 欣赏自己的新衣服。
Ⅷ. Read the following passage and notice how long it takes you to finish it:
PICK, SHOVEL AND SPEAR
In England there are two places very near each other called “Brancepeth” and “Brandon”.
What do you think these names mean?
Brancepeth means “the bear’s path” and Brandon means “the bear’s den”.
Here is the story of how these two places got their names. Long, long ago a bear had his den in the place now called Brandon. There was a forest in that place.
The bear killed many people, and nobody dared to go near “the bear’s path”.
One day a brave man, Hodge by name, set out to kill the great bear.
He took with him only a pick, a shovel and a spear. The people did not know what he could do with a pick and a shovel.
Hodge went to the wood. With his pick and shovel he dug a pit in the bear’s path.
He then covered the pit with turf and nobody could see that there was a pit there.
Then Hodge took his spear and hid himself behind a tree.
At last the bear came out of his den. He walked to the pit and fell into it. Hodge ran up to the pit, and killed the bear with the spear.
In an old churchyard, near that place, there is a stone in memory of Hodge, the brave man who killed the bear. On the stone there are pictures of a pick, a shovel and a spear.
Pick n.镐 shovel n.铁锨 Brancepeth 布朗士泼斯（地名）Brandon 布兰敦（地名）path n.（走出来的）路 den n.窝，兽穴 Hodge 豪奇 wood n.树林 pit n.坑 turf n.草皮 churchyard n.（教堂的）墓地
LESSON EIGHTEEN
A LITTLE HERO
A group of Italian soldiers led by a captain were advancing slowly toward the position of the enemy. They were expecting to see in the distance some signs of the enemy. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. The boy was cutting a branch of a tree with his knife to make a cane.
When the boy saw the soldiers, he stopped working on the branch, stood up, and took off his cap. He was a handsome boy with large bright eyes and fair hair.
“What are you doing here?” asked the captain. “Why didn’t you leave with your family?”
“I don’t have any family,” said the boy. “I’m an orphan. I used to work for the family that lived here. They’ve gone, but I stayed in order to see the fighting.”
“Have you seen any Austrians pass by here?”
“Not within the last three days.”
The captain got off his horse, and went into the house. His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees. In front of the house was a tall tree, its top well above the tops of the other trees. The captain came out and asked the boy:
“Do you have good eyesight, young man?”
“Me?” asked the boy. “I can see a sparrow two hundred paces away.”
“Do you think you could climb that tree and tell me whether you see anything of the Austrians in the distance?”
“Sure,” said the boy eagerly, jumping up, kicking off his shoes, and throwing aside his cap.
“How much do you want for that?” asked the captain.
“I don’t want anything,” said the boy, already starting to climb the tree. “I would do anything for our soldiers.”
In a few minutes the boy was at the top of the tree.
“Look straight ahead,” cried the captain, “and tell me what you see.”
“Two men on horseback – nothing else.”
“How far away?”
“About a mile and a half. They’re standing still.”
“What else do you see?” asked the captain after a moment of silence.
The boy looked to the right. After a while he said: “Near the cemetery, between the trees, there’s something shining, perhaps bayonets.”
“Do you see any soldiers?”
“No, if there are any, they must be hidden among the trees.”
Just then there was the sharp whistle of a bullet which passed near the boy.
“Get down!” said the captain.
Another bullet whistled by.
“They’re shooting at me,” said the boy. “But don’t worry. Let me tell you what’s to the left. Well, there’s a church and I think I see …”
A third bullet passed, and at almost the same moment the boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree. He struck the ground heavily. Blood was trickling from his mouth. The captain ran to him and tore open the boy’s shirt. A bullet had passed through his chest on the left. The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.
“Poor boy!” said the captain over and over. He looked at the boy for a minute. He ordered a soldier to bring a national flag and covered the boy’s body with it, leaving only his face exposed. The captain collected the boy’s cap, shoes, knife, and the branch he had been cutting, and placed them near the boy’s body.
“We’ll send someone to pick him up,” said the captain. “He died like a soldier and we must bury him like a soldier.”
The captain and his group moved on, but the story of the little boy spread quickly. Later that afternoon other groups of soldiers moved up to the front. When they passed the place where the dead boy lay, each soldier saluted. Some of them placed flowers on the boy’s body. Soon it was covered with flowers. On the boy’s pale face there was a half-smile that seemed to suggest that he was happy to have given his life for his country.
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
Hero n.英雄
advance vi.前进；进展 vt.推进；促进 n.前进；进展
position n.位置；阵地
expect vt.期望；予期；（口语）以为；料想
distance n.距离；远处 in the distance 远距离；远处
sign n.记号；标记；迹象
farmhouse n.农场里的住房；农舍
cane n.棍，棒；手杖
handsome adj.（一般指男子）漂亮的，清秀的
orphan n.孤儿
stor(e)y n.（房屋的一）层
eyesight n.视力
sparrow n.麻雀
kick vt. & vi.踢 kick off 踢脱（鞋子等）
horseback n.马背
silence n.寂静；沉默
cemetery n.公墓；墓地
bayonet n.（枪上的）刺刀
bullet n.子弹，枪弹
church n.教堂
trickle vi.滴，淌 n.滴；细流
over and over 反复，再三
national adj.国家的；民族的
flag n.旗
spread (spread spread) vt. & vi. 伸展；展开；传播
salute vi., vt. & n. 敬礼；行礼；致敬
suggest vt. 建议；暗示
give one’s life for 为……而献身
NOTES TO THE TEXT
1. A group of Italian soldiers led by a captain were advancing slowly toward the position of the enemy.一队意大利士兵，在一们上尉的率领下，正在缓慢地向敌人的阵地前进。
led by a captain是过去分词短语，用作定语，修饰a group of Italian soldiers。
a group of 的意思是“一组”、“一群”，后面接复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式were。如果把a group of Italian soldiers看作一个整体，谓语动词也可用单数形式was。
2. Not within the last three days. =I haven’t seen any Austrians pass by here within the last three days.最近三天没见过（任何奥地利人从这里经过）。
3. In front of the house was a tall tree, its top well above the tops of the other trees.房前有一棵很高的树，树梢比其它的树梢高出很多。
well在这里是副词，“很”、“相当”的意思。又如：
I can’t reach it. It’s well above my head.这个我够不着，它高出我的头很多。
He must be well past forty.他一定大大超过四十岁了。
This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读。
4. Do you think you could climb that tree and tell me whether you see anything of the Austrians in the distance?你看你能不能爬上那棵树，并且告诉我你看不看得见远处奥地利人的动静？
句中用could，语气比较委婉客气。在这种情况下，用can和用could并没有时间上的差别。
5. Near the cemetery, between the trees, there is something shining, perhaps bayonets.在墓地附近，树丛中间，有什么东西闪闪发亮，可能是刺刀。
No, if there are, they must be hidden among the trees.看不见，假如有的话，他们准是藏在树林里了。
介词between指“在两者之间”。例如：
She is sitting between Alice and John.她坐在爱丽斯和约翰之间。
介词among指“在三者或三者以上之间”。例如：
She is sitting among the children.她坐在孩子们中间。
但在指“三个以上的人或物的每两个之间”时，就可以用between。例如：
The village lies between three hills.这村庄位于三座小山之间。
6. The boy suddenly stiffened, then down he fell from the tree.那孩子忽然身子一挺，便从树上掉了下来。
then down he fell from the tree是倒装句。在表示动作的简短句子里，有时为了表达生动，把副词放在句首，把主语放在动词的后面，形成倒装句。如果主语是人称代词时，主语的位置不变。例如：
Out rushed the man.那人冲了出去。
Out he rushed.他冲了出去。
7. … leaving only his face exposed. ……只露出他的脸。
过去分词exposed在句中与face一起构成复合宾语。
8. … the branch he had been cutting, … ……他原先削过的那根树枝，……
句中had been cutting是过去完成进行时。过去完成进行时用来表示在过去某一时间之前一直进行着的动作。又如：I had been waiting about an hour when he came.他来时，我已经等了大约一个小时。
9. On the boy’s pale face there was a half-smile that seemed to suggest that he was happy to have given his life for his country.男孩苍白的脸上露出一丝笑容，好象在说：他很高兴为祖国献出了自己的生命。
that seemed to … 是定语从句，修饰half-smile；从句that he was happy to … 用作动词不定式to suggest的宾语。
to have given his life是动词不定式完成式，表示在谓语was happy之前完成的动作。
EXERCISES
Ⅰ. Tick off the correct answer to each question:
1. Who was moving along toward the position of the enemy?
1) An Italian captain.
2) A group of Austrian soldiers.
3) A group of Italian soldiers.
2. Why didn’t the boy leave the farmhouse?
1) Because he was an orphan and nobody took care of him.
2) Because he had to look after the house for the family that had run away.
3) Because he wanted to see the fighting.
3. Did the boy have good eyesight?
1) No. He had poor eyesight.
2) No. He was short-sighted.
3) Yes. He had good eyesight.
4. The boy refused to be paid for climbing the tree, didn’t he? Why?
1) Yes. Because he didn’t need any money.
2) Yes. Because he was asked to work for the Austrians.
3) Yes. Because it was soldiers of his own country who asked him to do it.
5. What did the boy see when he looked straight ahead from the top of the tree?
1) He saw some bayonets near the cemetery between the trees.
2) He saw some enemy soldiers hidden among the trees.
3) He saw two men on horseback.
6. When did the boy hear the sharp whistle of the first bullet passing by?
1) The moment he climbed the tree.
2) After he saw a church in the distance.
3) After he saw two men on horseback and something shining between the trees.
7. The boy did not get down after the first bullet whistle by, did he? Why not?
1) No. Because the captain wanted him to see what was to the left.
2) No. Because he wanted to tell the captain what was to the left.
3) No. Because he liked to stay in the tree.
8. Why did each soldier salute when he passed the place where the dead boy lay?
1) Because the boy had found a number of enemies hidden among the trees.
2) Because the boy had given his life for his country.
3) Because the boy had seen the two enemies on horseback.
9. There was a half-smile on the dead boy’s pale face. What did it seem to suggest?
1) It seemed to suggest that he was glad to be covered with so many flowers.
2) It seemed to suggest that he was glad to be covered with the Italian flag.
3) It seemed to suggest that he was happy to have given his life for his country.
Ⅱ. Write eight or nine sentences retelling “The Little Hero”, using the ideas given below:
A group of Italian soldiers
1. Were advancing …
2. Came to a farmhouse …
3. Saw a boy …
The captain
4. Asked the boy to climb a tall tree …
The boy
5. Climbed to the top of the tree …
6. Told the captain …
7. Was shot down …
8. Was praised by the Italian soldiers …
Ⅲ. For each word in Column A find a word or phrase of similar meaning in Column B:
A B
1. Advance 1. Very anxiously
2. Expect 2. Come or go forward
3. Farmhouse 3. Good-looking
4. Handsome 4. A farmer’s house
5. Eagerly 5. Strike with the foot
6. Kick 6. Think that something will happen or that somebody will come
Ⅳ. Join each pair of the sentences after the model:
Model: We used to practice playing tennis twice a week. Now we practice three times a week. →
We practice playing tennis more often than we used to.
1. Carl used to work eight hours a day. Now he works nine hours a day.
2. The driver used to drive at only 25 kilometres an hour. Now he drives at 30 kilometres.
3. It used to take one and a half weeks to finish a lesson. Now it takes two weeks.
4. That steel works used to produce 300,000 tons of steel a year. Now it can produce 500,00 tons.
5. A washing machine used to cost around 200 yuan. Now it costs much less.
6. This shop used to close at seven o’clock. Now it closes at half past-eight.
Ⅴ. Fill in the blanks with the following:
In the distance, to the left, in the east, in the middle, at the top, at the foot
1. Look and you’ll find a farmhouse.
2. of the hill you can see the whole city.
3. The hunter killed a snake of the tree over there.
4. Japan lies of Asia.
5. Somebody seems to be shouting for help .
6. of the hall stand the three winners, now watching their national flags being raised to the top of a pole.
Ⅵ. Complete the following sentences with clauses:
1. The book （威廉借给我的）is very moving（动人的）.
2. （我们见到的）is different from （我们听到的）.
3. This story tells us the reason （为什么瑞士在那个时期会有那么多叛乱）.
4. Will you show me the student （你们班上作文最好的）？
5. Gessler, （以实行高压统治闻名），was sent to govern Altorf.
6. It is the Communist Party （给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化）.
7. Will you tell me （非洲是否真的和亚洲连接在一起）？
8. Is there anyone here （家在华北的）？
9. （他们是否来视察部队）will depend on the weather.
10. I often think of my childhood (我各祖父母呆在一起).
11. My idea is （我们应该在海洋里为人类寻找新资源）.
12. It is through struggle （我们才认识这条真理的）
13. （你们所需要的） is more practice in spoken English.
14. We express the hope that （外宾会再来参观中国）.
Ⅶ. Translate the following into English:
1. 谁没关门？（to leave … open）
2. 他们发现这故事很有趣。（to find … interesting）
3. 上尉撕开了男孩的衬衣。（to tear … open）
4. 噪音太大会使人生病，甚至使人发狂。（to make …ill; to drive … mad）
5. 为了保持河水干净、工厂的废水必须净化后才能流入河里。（to keep … clean; to make … clean）
6. 我认为这是不对的。（to think … right）
7. 查理用刀把棍子截短。（to cut … short）
Ⅷ. Read the following passage and then answer the questions:
BRUCE AND THE SPIDER
There was once a king of Scotland whose name was Robert Bruce.
The King of England was at war with him and led a great army into Scotland to conquer the land and the people.
Bruce fought the enemy most bravely. Six times he led his brave little army against his enemy; and six times his men were beaten. At last he was forced to hide himself in the mountains.
One day, feeling tired and sick at heart, he lay on the ground under a farmhouse. He was ready to give up all hope for it seemed to him that it was no use fighting any longer.
As he lay thinking, he saw a spider over his head, getting ready to weave her web. He watched her as she worked slowly and with great care. Six times she tried to throw her thread from one beam to another, and six times she failed.
“Poor thing!” said Bruce. “You, too know what it is to fail.”
But the spider did not lose hope. With still more care, she made ready to try for the seventh time. Bruce almost forgot his own troubles as he watched her struggling with the thin thread. Would she fail again? No! The thread was carried safely to the beam.
“I, too, will try a seventh time!” cried Bruce.
Inspired by the spirit of the spider, Bruce called his men together and made careful plans. Soon another battle was fought. This time the king of England was beaten and driven out of Scotland.
Robert Bruce罗伯特.布鲁司（人名）spider n.蜘蛛 conquer vt.征服 beam n.横梁 Scotland n.苏格兰web n.（蜘蛛）网 fail vi.失败
1. Who was Robert Bruce?
2. How did Bruce lead his army against the enemy?
3. What did he see one day when he was lying on the ground under the farmhouse?
4. What lesson did Bruce learn from the spider?
5. What did Bruce do then? And how did the battle end?
REVISON Ⅳ
Ⅰ. Put the following into English:
1.太平洋 2.苏伊士运河 3.洋底 4.再三 5.以相同的顺序 6.百分之五十 7.五分之一
8.远处 9.消除（障碍） 10.从……开始 11.立正 12.由……构成 13.把……和……连接起来
14.给……以教训 15.被关进监狱 16.犯法 17.起来反抗 18.踢掉 19.为……献出生命
20.开展研究工作
Ⅱ. Make up compound words by joining words from Column A with words from Column B:
A B
1.gun 1.port
2.grass 2.man
3.waist 3.powder
4.air 4.kind
5.foot 5.head
6.day 6.shot
7.gun 7.house
8.man 8.coat
9.market 9.land
10.farm 10.sight
11.over 11.back
12.down 12.dew
13.eye 13.tower
14.gate 14.stairs
15.honey 15.place
16.watch 16.print
17.gentle 17.light
18.horse 18.way
Ⅲ. Translate the following sentences, paying attention to the use of look:
1. The hare woke up and looked behind to see if the tortoise had passed him.
2. Crusoe was frightened at seeing a man’s footprint in the sand. He looked round, but could see nobody.
3. It was Xiao Zhang who was calling me when I looked back.
4. When the old Minister entered the weavers’ room, he looked about, but couldn’t see any cloth at all.
5. He looked out to sea. The two canoes were almost out of sight.
6. The Loisels looked in every room, but couldn’t find the necklace.
7. He looked me up and down and noticed that I was almost in rags
8. He looked through the rejected suits and selected the cheapest one for me.
Ⅳ. Translate the following into English:
1. 那两个骗子被抓住，送进了监狱。（to throw into prison）
2. 瑞士曾被奥地利统治过一段时间。（to rule over）
3. 当军官们走进大门时，门卫立正敬礼。（to stand at attention）
4. 他把脚上的鞋子踢掉了，就往树上爬去。（to kick off）
5. 当他看见一个小孩在水中挣扎（struggle），匆匆脱掉衣服，就跳下河去。（to throw off）
6. 尽管敌人很残酷，但党仍继续开展革命工作。（to carry out）
7. 刘胡兰为了人民的解放而献出了自己年青的生命。（to give one’s life for）
8. 在那个车间里只听见机器的声音，别的什么也听不见。（nothing but）
Ⅴ. Fill in the blanks with proper conjunctions or relative pronouns or adverbs, then tell the function of each clause:
1. We must do the Party tells us.
2. Those want to take part in the inspection please let me know after the meeting.
3. The sun is much hotter any fire on earth.
4. Tell us the president has been.
5. Have you been to the factory the new experiment was carried out?
6. Everything the governor said seemed quite reasonable.
7. Please come to see me you have time.
8. We often think of the days we spent together on the island.
9. He was so busy he could not continue that work.
10. It is not known the plan will be carried out.
11. She went back to the classroom she had left her English textbook there.
12. The tailor to I was talking just now is my uncle.
13. On my way home I met an old friend of mine I had not seen for years.
14. I want to say is agriculture and industry should develop more quickly.
15. The problem we were just considering is how to prevent the population from increasing too fast.
Ⅵ. Fill the blanks with relative pronouns or conjunctions if necessary:
Once I knew a boy always said, “I don’t believe in anything I haven’t seen with my own eyes.”
One day I asked him, “Have you ever been to London?”
“No,” he answered, “I’ve never been to London.”
“Do you believe there is such a place as London?”
“Yes,” said he, “I’ve never seen it, I know others have been there and seen it.”
“So you don’t believe in anything you or others haven’t seen.”
“Yes, that’s right,” said the boy.
“Have you seen your own brains?”
“Of course not.”
“Do you know anyone has seen them?”
“No, I don’t.”
“Then do you think you have any?”
Now the boy saw silly he was.
Ⅶ. Put the following sentences into English, using participles:
1. 一群孩子在观看那只在跳舞的大象。
2. 你很难抓住飞鸟。
3. 朝东的窗子破了。
4. 你注意到了在那边写作文的女孩吗？
5. 他肩上扛了只很重的箱子，走进车站。
6. 她看着照片，想起了过去。
7. 我感到不舒服，就去看医生了。
8. 你找到那份书面报告了吗？
9. 他感到自己被举了起来。
10. 我们被他的话所感动，决心更努力地学习。
11. 所有向图书馆借的书必须在下星期归还。
12. 你最好让人把外套洗了。
Ⅷ. Read the following passage and translate the third paragraph into Chinese:
MERRY CHRISTMAS
It was one of the last days before Christmas, and the assistants in the large store had their hands full serving eager Christmas shoppers.
At one counter an old lady was choosing gloves – red ones for her daughter-in-law, light-blue ones for her niece, pink ones for her granddaughter, green ones for her sister – and by the time she had found what she wanted the counter was covered with pairs of all colours and sizes.
When the salesgirl had finally written out the bill and was about to turn to the next customer with a tired “Thank you very much, madam,” the old lady suddenly cried out, “Oh, I almost forgot …” – “Anything else, madam?” said the girl. “Yes,” began the old lady, “I’d like to buy another pair, but I’m not quite sure about what exactly I should choose. I wonder if you could help me.” “Certainly, madam,” was the girl’s reply. The old lady then went on to explain that what she was looking for was a pair of gloves for a girl of her age. She was not at all sure what colour to choose, and the design was a problem, too.
The tired salesgirl did her best to help the old lady make up her mind, showing her all kinds of gloves.
At last the chosen pair of gloves were wrapped up and paid for as well, and as the girl was about to turn to the next customer, the old lady handed her the little parcel and said, “These now, dear, these are for you – and thank you for being so patient. I do hope you have a merry Christmas!”
Merry adj.快乐的 store n.商店 counter n. 柜台 glove n.手套 daughter-in-law n.儿媳 niece n.姪女，甥女 pink adj.粉红色的 salesgirl n.女售货员 customer n.顾客 wrap vt.包；捆parcel n.包裹 patient adj.耐心的
