“沈阳小升初”致力于帮助家长及时了解沈阳本地各所中小学、中考、高考、小升初、幼升小等全方位升学信息。更多精彩内容请点击标题下方“沈阳小升初”关注。 slow-fast, 如:go-went, sit-sat. Sit down, please. Don’t open the door.. Let’s go to the park. 一:学生易错词汇 1. a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a. 2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are. 3. have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have . 4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any. 6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱) 二:形容词比较级详解 当我们需要对事物作出比较时,需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是: 什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如: I’m taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。) 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: ① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , ② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer , ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier ④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter ☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。 典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。) 比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。 应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. 比较级专项练习: 一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子 heavy tall long big (1) How is the Yellow River? (2) How is Mr Green? He’s 175cm. (3) How are your feet? I wear size 18. (4)How is the fish? It’s 2kg. 三:动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则 A、规则动词 ① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) ④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式: sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read , fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt 四:动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则 ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing ③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:句型专项归类 1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor. He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening. ☆注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。 3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。 如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.) Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t). Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t. Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. ☆注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上, ①把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。 ②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。 4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如: What is this? It’s a computer. What does he do? He’s a doctor. Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer. When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s. Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy. How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train. ☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重) 例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils. How many girls can you see? I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51. ☆小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配, How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少……? How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少……? How many + 名词复数 + are there…? 有多少……?
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