人工髋关节置换术后可能发生假体磨损、松动、假体周围骨溶解、假体周围骨折、术后感染等并发症，往往需要进行翻修手术。
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Revision Hip Replacement
髋关节置换翻修术
Introduction（介绍）
Over time the original components of a Total Hip Replacement can break down and loosen from the bone surface they were once firmly attached to. Revision Hip Replacement involves the exchange of some or all worn components with new ones. The degree of complexity for this procedure is dependent on the amount of loosening and associated damage to the underlying bone surfaces that may have occurred over time. Specialized components, bone graft and cement may be used to rebuild the hip joint.
随着时间的推移，全髋关节初次置换的假体可能会磨损或从曾经牢牢固定的骨骼表面松开。 髋关节置换翻修术包括用新的假体来更换部分或所有磨损的假体。 该手术的复杂程度取决于松动和与之相关的假体下骨界面随着时间推移而可能发生的损坏的程度。 需要用特殊的假体、骨移植和骨水泥来重建髋关节。
Incision（切口）
An incision is made along the side or in front of the hip. In most cases the previous incision for the Primary Hip Replacement is used. The muscles, tendons and joint capsule are moved away from the joint to expose the femoral head and acetabulum (hip socket).
于髋部侧面或前方作切口。 在大多数情况下，可使用以前的初级髋关节置换切口。 将肌肉，肌腱和关节囊从关节分开以暴露股骨头和髋臼（髋关节窝）。
Removing Old Components（去除旧的假体）
The hip is positioned to expose the joint. The old femoral and acetabulum components are removed and the respective surfaces are cleaned out in preparation for the new replacement components.
摆好髋关节的位置，以对关节进行显露。 去除旧的股骨和髋臼假体，并清除相应的表面为更换新的假体作好准备。
Securing Replacement Parts（安装更换的部分）
The new replacement components are carefully and precisely secured into position. Cement may or may not be used to secure the stem. A carefully fitted 'ball' is secured to end of the femoral stem.
仔细准确地将新更换的假体固定到位。 固定假体柄可以用骨水泥，也可以不用骨水泥。在股骨柄的末端装上正好匹配的球头。
Rejoining the Hip Joint（重新连接关节）
The hip joint is then rejoined and all surrounding tissues are repaired back to the normal position.
然后将关节重新连接，所有周围的组织修复到原先正常的位置。
End of Procedure（手术结束）
Compared with the original procedure and due in part to the complexity of the revision, some patients may be slightly restricted with motion and activities following a revision hip replacement.
与初次髋关节置换相比，由于翻修手术的复杂性，所以术后对活动的限制略为严格。
QUESTIONS FOR YOUR DOCTOR
1. What guidelines should I follow prior to my procedure? Will I need other tests or evaluations before the procedure?
在手术之前应遵循哪些指南？术前需要其它检查和评估吗？
2. What will happen if I don’t undergo the procedure now?
如果现在不手术会有什么影响？
3. How long will the procedure last and will I be under anesthesia?
手术和麻醉需要多久？
4. What kind of implant or prosthesis will be used, and what is the success rate with this material?
术中会用哪种类型的内植物或假体？这种材料的成功率是多少？
5. Will I be given medication after surgery? What tips do you have for me to ease discomfort?
术后是否需要用药？缓解不适有什么诀窍？
6. How long of a recovery period can I expect, and what kind of help will I need during my recovery? Are there special instructions for eating, sleeping, or bathing?
术后恢复需要多久？恢复期间需要什么样的辅助治疗？吃饭、睡觉、洗浴等有什么特殊讲究吗？
7. When can I bear full weight on the surgical side after the procedure?
术后什么时候手术侧能够完全负重？
8. When can I return to work, resume normal activity, drive, and exercise?
我什么时候可以上班、恢复正常的活动、开车及锻炼？
9. Will I need to come back for appointments after the surgery?
术后我是否需要回来复查？
10. Will I need physical therapy?
我需要物理治疗吗？
（胡佰文 译）
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