《道德经》第十三章 王需像重视和珍爱自己身孕一样重视和珍爱百姓

一，经文

“宠辱若惊，贵大患若身。”

何谓“宠辱若惊”？宠为下，得之若惊，失之若惊，是谓宠辱若惊。

何谓“贵大患若身”？吾所以有大患者，为吾有身。及吾无身，吾有何患？

故贵以身为天下，若可寄天下；爱以身为天下，若可托天下。

二，经文释义

“宠辱若惊，贵大患若身。”

（宠辱都如同惊恐，所以不必重视，而要像重视身孕一样重视大患）

什么是“宠辱若惊”？（什么是宠辱都如同惊恐？）被宠爱可不是什么好事情，得到了而惊恐，失去了（即辱）而惊恐，这就是所谓的“宠辱若惊”。

（不必重视宠辱得失，那要重视什么呢？）

什么是“贵大患若身”（而要像重视身孕一样重视大患）？我之所以有大患，是因为我身怀六甲、性命攸关（一不小心就一尸两命，母、胎皆亡）。如果我没有身孕，我还有什么大患可言呢？

所以如果（王）把天下百姓当成身孕一样重视，则可以把自身寄托于天下百姓。

如果（王）把天下百姓当成身孕一样珍爱，则可以承托住天下百姓。

（王和百姓的关系，就如同母体和胎儿的关系，休戚与共）

三，英译

Favor and Disgrace are Like Panic, (so it is not necessary to attache importance to them, but)  Attache Importance To The Great Worry Just As Attache Importance To Pregnancy.

What is Favor and Disgrace are Like Panic ?

It's not a good thing to be favored, you will be panicked when you get it, you will be panicked when you lose it. This is the so-called Favor and Disgrace are Like Panic.

What is Attache Importance To the Great Worry Just as Attache Importance To Pregnancy ?

I have a great worry because I am pregnant and which is a matter of life and death for both me and the fetus. If I'm not pregnant, how could it be possible for me to have such a great worry?

Therefore, if the king attaches importance to the common people as the same as his own pregnancy, he could place himself on the common people. If the king cherishes the common people as the same as his own pregnancy, he could hold and support the common people.

(The relationship between the king and common people is just like the relationship between mother and fetus. They rise or fall together.)