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Male与“非”Male
在《早餐英语》节目中,卡卡老师给大家分享了带有性别色彩的小物件,给我们的生活增添了不少情趣。我们今天也想来说说跟性别有关的话题。
首先,我们来复习一个旧的知识点。不知道朋友们还记不记得在《早餐英语》节目中,学习过一个新短语“ignorance is bliss”,也就是 “无知是福”。这倒有点我们中国古代所说的“女子无才便是德”的意思了。虽然现今的社会早已是男女平等,女孩子和男孩子一样,都拥有受教育以及工作的权利。小编在这里想考考大家,“女子无才便是德”上半句是什么?
明朝张岱《公祭祁夫人文》:“眉公曰:'丈夫有德便是才,女子无才便是德’。明末陈继儒说:“女子通文识字,而能明大义者,固为贤德,然不可多得;其它便喜看曲本小说,挑动邪心,甚至舞文弄法,做出无丑事,反不如不识字,守拙安分之为愈也。女子无才便是德。可谓至言。”
看到这里我们现代女性不得不批评古人的狭隘。但是,狭隘的真的只有古人吗?
世界银行在其最新报告Unrealized Potential: The High Cost of Gender Inequality in Earnings《未释放的潜力:男女收入不平等的高昂代价》中指出,男女终身收入差距造成全球财富损失高达 160 万亿美元,相当于所研究的 141 个国家人均损失 23620 美元。
报告内容摘录如下:
Some key findings:
Globally, women account for only 38 percent of human capital wealth versus 62 percent for men. In low- and lower-middle income countries, women account for a third or less of human capital wealth.
纵观全球,女性仅占人力资本财富的38%,而男性却占据了62%。在低收入及中低收入国家,女性所占人力资本财富仅为三分之一甚至更低。(注:人力资本财富通常是指所有成年公民的未来收入总值。)
On a per capita basis, gender inequality in earnings could lead to losses in wealth of $23,620 per person globally. These losses differ between regions and countries because levels of human capital wealth, and thereby losses in wealth due to gender inequality, tend to increase in absolute values with economic development. For these reasons, in absolute terms the losses are largest in OECD countries.
就人均水平而言,性别不平等导致全球人均收入损失23620美元。由于人力资本财富的差异,全球人均收入损失在不同国家和地区也有差异。因此导致财富流失的原因就是性别不平等,这个绝对值会随着经济发展呈上升趋势。基于上述原因,收入差距的绝对值在经济合作与发展组织的国家是最大的。
即便是能给全球经济带来如此之大的损失,男女中间的鸿沟依然没有被努力填平的趋势。
那么,男性女性的差别就究竟根源在哪里?
Men’s brains:
男性的大脑
“Men’s brains are made of boxes, and we have a box for everything. We’ve got a box for the car, that box for the money, a box for the job, a box for you, a box for kids, a box for your mother somewhere in the basement. They’ve got boxes for everywhere, and the rule is: the boxes don’t touch. ”
“男人的大脑是由很多盒子组成的,每件东西都有自己的盒子。一个装着车一个装着钱,一个装着工作,一个装着你,一个装着孩子,还有一个盒子装着你可能还在地下室的妈妈。他们干什么事情都有固定的盒子,但是只有一个规则:这些盒子没有交集。”
“When a man discusses a particular subject, we go to that particular box, we pull that box out, we open the box, we discuss only what is in that box. And we close the box and put it away being very careful, and not to touch any other boxes.”
“男人们讨论到某个话题时,我们就会去找那个相应的盒子,我们把盒子取出来,打开,只讨论盒子里面的内容。随后就把盒子盖上,十分小心翼翼的放回去,不会碰到任何其它的盒子。”
Women’s brains:
女性的大脑
“Women’s brains are very complicated. And everything is connected to everything, money is got to the car, and car is got to your job, and job...to everything. It’s like the Internet superhighway, and it’s all driven by energy that we call emotion. It’s one of the reasons why women tend to remember everything. Because if you take an event and connect it to emotion, and it burns in your memory and you can remember it forever. The same thing happens for men, it just didn’t happen very often, because they don’t care.”
“女人的大脑是非常错综复杂的,所有事情都相互关联。由钱能想到汽车,由汽车能想到你的工作等等所有事情。就像互联网高速公一样,完全依靠情绪力量来推动的。所以女人能记住所有事情,因为她们参与到一件事情时就会马上和情绪关联,并在大脑中留下深刻的烙印,永远都忘不了。男人有时也会这样,但并不会经常如此。因为他们根本不在乎呀。”
男女有别,不过社会还是赋予每个人应有的角色,我们只要扮演好自己的角色,管他male还是“非”male呢。
最后让我们复习一下文中出现的生单词
New Words:
account for对…负有责任;对…做出解释;说明……的原因;导致;(比例)占
human capital [劳经] 人力资本,技能资本
per capita [统计] 人均;(拉丁)每人;按人口计算
gender inequality 性别不平等;不平等的两性关系
earnings ['ɝnɪŋz] n. 收入[复数 earnings ]
tend to 趋向;注意;易于;有…的倾向
absolute values 绝对值
OECDabbr. 经济合作与发展组织(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)
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