used to do与be used to doing的用法

《新概念英语》学什么：第2册30课

接下去我们来看

第31课

的内容：

一、小编的朗读

二、重要句型或语法

1、used to do

本课侧重的是过去习惯的表达used to do。如：

...as a boy he used to work in a small shop.

三、课文主要语言点

Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.1）tell sb. about sth.，告诉某人某事。 2）experience用作经验时，是不可数名词；用作经历时，是可数名词。 3）as a young man，作为年轻人，其实就是指他年轻的时候，可以替换为：when he was a young man。

Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop.1）retire，退休。 2）head，本义为头、脑袋，在此表示首脑、经理，相当于manager。 3）a business company，商业公司。 4）注意but前后两个分句的开头before he retired和as a boy的对比与呼应。

It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work forteen hours a day.1）句中的it是形式主语，其实际的逻辑主语就是后面的to repair bicycles。一般来说，当主语过长时，英语里就会采用形式主语的形式来避免整个句子在结构上的头重脚轻。 2）注意区分job（可数）和work（不可数）。 3）a day，相当于every day，每天。

He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own.1）save有两个主要意思，即“节省”和“拯救”。 2）for years，多年。 3）workshop，车间、小铺。 4）of one's own，自己的。

In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes.1）in one's twenties，在某人二十几岁时。 2）spare part，零件、备件。其中，spare表示备用的、闲置的，part表示零件、部位。

At that time he had two helpers.1）at that time，那时。可提问此处的that time是指前文提到的什么时间（in his twenties）。 2）helper，帮手、助手。源自动词help。

In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people.1）in a few years，几年之后。 2）factory，工厂。 3）employ，雇佣、利用。注意其常见的派生词有employer（雇主、老板）和employee（雇员、员工）。其动作的名词形式为employment（就业），反义词为unemployment（失业）。

Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.1）smile，微笑。注意与laugh（大笑）的区别。 2）remember，记住。反义表达为forget。 3）hard early years，早期的艰难岁月。 4）the long road to success，通往成功的漫漫长路。

He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle.1）when the door opened，注意此处的open用作了不及物动词，表示门开了。open作为动词，大多用作及物动词，后面一般要接宾语的，比如open your mouth。 2）want sb. to do sth.，想要某人做某事。

四、读写重点

注意用不同的形式来表达过去发生的事情，如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时以及used to do等。

五、语用文化

可分享一些成功人士的故事。

六、教学建议

1、讲到used to do（过去习惯），要对比be used to doing（现在习惯）和be used to do（被动语态，被用作...）的区别。

2、注意形式主语it的用法，如课文中的句子：It was his job to repair bicycles. 可以多做些造句操练。如：It is his dream to become a doctor.

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