在《新概念英语》经典版第二册第12课的难点部分(Special difficulties)里,出现了“be+副词”的短语用法,今天就来梳理梳理。
该短语表示“离开;出门”,相当于leave。但是,与leave不同的是,leave表示的是动作,而且是短暂性动作(即瞬间动词),不能延续或持续,所以如果用在完成时中,要表达某人已经离开一段时间的话,就不能后接一段时间;如果采用be away,就可以用于完成时,后接一段时间,因为be away表状态,状态是可持续的。如:
错误:He has left for two months.
正确:He has been away for two months.
该短语与be away刚好相反,表示“回来;回家”,表状态,相当于表动作的come back,但两者的区别与be away和leave相似。如:
错误:He has come back for five hours.
正确:He has been back for five hours.
该短语表示“出门;出去”,与be away不同的是,be away往往表示出远门或是离家较长时间,而be out往往表示暂时不在家或短时出去了,但很快就会回来的。试着对比:
He will be away for two weeks.
If anyone phones me, tell them I'll be out all morning.
该短语是be out的反义表达,表示“在家里”。如:
I went to Ted's house and asked to see him, but he wasn't in.
该短语表示“结束了;过去了”,相当于finish。all起强调作用。如:
Why don't you forget about it? It's all over.
该短语表示“在上映;在广播”,一般用于电影电视或广播的进行中。如:
What's on at the local cinema this week?
该短语表示“由某人决定;胜任”。当表示“由某人决定”时,to后面往往接sb.;当表示“胜任”时,to后往往接sth.。如:
Whether we should leave now is up to her. (由某人决定)
She is very ill. She can't start work yet. She is not up to it. (胜任)
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