(1)时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。
时间状语的连接词:when(当…时候) while(当…时候) as(当…时候) after(在…以后) before(在…以前) as soon as(一…就) since(自从…到现在) till /until(直到…才) by the time(到…为止)
连接词后加陈述语序。
例:It was snowing when we got to the airport.
(2)原因状语从句:在一个句子中作原因状语的句子。
连接词:由连词because, since, as等词引导。
★ because 意为“因为”,表示造成某种情况的直接原因,语气最强,常用“why”提问
举例:He took off his coat because it was too hot in the room.
★ since往往表示众所周知的原因,多意为“既然” since从句通常位于主句之前,其语气比as稍强。
例如:Since you won't help me,I'll ask someone else.
★ as表示原因时,语气最弱,意为“由于”
例如:As you were out,I left a message for you.
(3)条件状语从句:在一个句子中作条件状语的句子。
连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非,as/so long as(只要),once(一旦)
举例:If I am free tomorrow,I will help you with your English.
(4)目的、结果状语从句
目的状语从句连接词so that, in order that 引导。
例如:Speak louder so that the people in the hall can all hear you.
结果状语从句连接词 so…that, such…that, so( that)
举例:so…that 如此…以至于
I'm so knowledgeable that I can help students study.
★ so that 引导目的状语和结果状语的区分:
1.意思有区别
表示目的状语从句时,意思为: 以便, 为了,为使。
表示结果状语从句时,意思为: 结果是,所以。
2.引导目的状语从句常常与can, could,may,might,will,would,shall,should,等连用.
例如:So that everyone will notice her,she dresses like an angel.
3.引导目的状语从句通常不用逗号隔开,引导结果状语从句一般有逗号隔开。
例如:We’ll come at eight so that the meeting can begin early.(目的状语)
We arrived early in the morning,so that we caught the first train.(结果状语)
(5)让步状语从句
让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子
连接词: though, although,even though,even if
though/although引导让步状语从句时,主句中不能再用but,但可以用yet
举例:Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.
no matter引导让步状语从句:
结构:'no matter +特殊疑问词疑问词+陈述语序' 或'特殊疑问词+后缀ever+陈述语序'
如:whenever I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.=No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up.
类似此类还有:
whatever=no matter what
wherever=no matter where
whoever=no matter who
however=no matter how
whenever=no matter when
注意:no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
(6)地点状语从句
在句中作地点状语的从句称为地点状语从句,可至于句首句中和句尾。常见引导词有where,wherever等。
例句:We live where the road crosses the river.
(7)方式状语从句
方式状语从句常见引导词有:as(如同,按...方式),as if,as though等
★ 方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或可能性很大时,通常用陈述语气。
例如:She looked a bit strange,as if/as though she knew something.
★ 方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实,通常用虚拟语气,表示现在的情况用过去时,表示过去的情况用过去完成时。
例如:I remember the whole thing as if/as though it happened yesterday.
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